15 Matoorada Ugu Fiican Iibinta Maanta
Tusmo
- 1-litir shidaal turbo ah oo ku jira taangiga oo leh 2,5 dhululubooyin ka yimid Audi
- 2-litir SKYACTIV-G oo ka yimid Mazda
- 3-litir Mataanaha-Turbo V-4,4 oo ka socda BMW
- 4-litir V6,2 oo ka yimid Chevrolet
- 5-litir V6,2 leh kombaresarada ka timid Dodge
- 6-litir oo mataano-turbo V3,9 ah oo ka yimid Ferrari
- 7-litir Mataanaha-Turbo V-2,9 oo ka socda Alfa Romeo
- 8-litir TT V-3,5 Soosaarka Sare ee Ford
- 9-litir oo mataano-turbo V4 ah oo ka socda Volkswagen
- 10-litir tamar sare naaftada naaftada ka socota Cummins
- 11-litir oo mashiinka turbo-ka ah ee ka socda Honda
- 12-litir V5,2 leh kombaresarada shirkadda Ford
- 13-litir turbo toosan oo ka socota BMW
- 14-litir V-6,5 oo ka yimid Ferrari
- 15 litir feeryahan ka yimid Porsche
Muddo sanado ah, qaar baa saadaaliyay dhimashadiisa oo soo socota. Laakiin mashiinka gubashada gudaha ma gebi ahaanba dhinta - oo waxay u badan tahay inuu noo adeegi doono sannadaha soo socda. Isla mar ahaantaana, wuxuu noqdaa mid waxtar badan oo aan waxyeello lahayn.
Caddayn ahaan, daabacaadda Mareykanka ee Car & Driver waxay soo bandhigtay noocdeeda ah 15-ka matoorrada gubidda ugu wanaagsan ee hadda laga heli karo suuqa. Nasiib darrose, qaar iyaga ka mid ah ayaa laga heli karaa suuqa Waqooyiga Ameerika (halkaasoo dagaalka ka dhanka ah qiiqa kaarbooni uu quruxsan yahay astaan ahaan), laakiin aan laga helin Yurub.
1-litir shidaal turbo ah oo ku jira taangiga oo leh 2,5 dhululubooyin ka yimid Audi
Meesha: Audi RS3, Audi TT RS
Saxafiyiinta Mareykanka waxay qalabkan barteen sanadkii 2012 intii lagu gudajiray bilowgii barnaamijka TT RS waxayna u arkeen inuu yahay "soo jiidasho". Mashiinkaan shan-dhululubeed ma aha oo kaliya inuu soo saaro 400 oo hooras 7000 rpm, laakiin 480 Nm kaliya 1700 rpm. Waad ku mahadsan tahay naqshadeeda gaarka ah, waxay soo saartaa dhawaq aan cidi u dhigmin (iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay amarka toogashada 1-2-4-5-3).
Waxa kale oo ay ahayd mashiinkii ugu horreeyay ee adeegsada baaldi silsilad ah oo ka samaysan waxa loogu yeero "vermicular graphite", laakiin aan ka ahayn in aysan jirin wax qalaad oo naqshadeynta ah: 20 filtarka, duritaanka tooska ah, isugeynta cadaadiska ee 10,0: 1 iyo marawaxadaha oo bixiya cadaadis ilaa 1,36 , XNUMX bar. Si adag hoos ugu cadaadi barta isla markaana waxaad isla markiiba dareemeysaa faa'iidooyinka dhululubada dheeriga ah.
2-litir SKYACTIV-G oo ka yimid Mazda
Meesha ay ku taal: Mazda MH-5
Saxafiyiinta Mareykanku waxay qirayaan inay mudo dheer jeclaayeen dabeecada mashiinka jecel, ee Mazda ay sanad walba horumar yar ka sameyso. Tusaale ahaan, miisaanka piston kasta waxaa hoos loo dhigay 27 garaam, oo ulaha isku xidhaana waa ka fudud yihiin 41 garaam.
Intaas waxaa sii dheer, qalabka qiiqa iyo qiiqa kala baxa ayaa ka weyn. Khadka cas, oo ahaan jiray 6800 rpm, wuxuu hadda marayaa 7500. Awoodda ayaa korortay oo waxay noqotay 190 faras 7500 rpm - ku dhowaad soddon faras ka sii badan kii hore.
3-litir Mataanaha-Turbo V-4,4 oo ka socda BMW
Halkee: moodooyin badan oo BMW ah sida M5 iyo X5M
Mataanaha-turbo ugu weyn ee V8 ee liiska, inkasta oo aanu ahayn kan ugu awoodda badan. Qeybtaan oo dhan-aluminium ah ayaa la heli karay tan iyo 2009 waxaana loo adeegsaday tiro aad u badan oo moodooyinka Bavaria ah oo ay ku jiraan M550i iyo 750i (nooca N63) iyo bahallo sida M5, M8 iyo X5 M (nooca S63 ee ay ilaalinayaan qeybta BMW M).
Waxay hadda u dhexeysaa 530 ilaa 625 hooras, halka moodooyinka M ee wata xirmada Tartanka ay leeyihiin awood ugu badnaan ah 750 Nm. Imtixaankii C & D, Tartankii M5 wuxuu ka soo deg degay 0 ilaa 96 km / saacaddii oo keliya 2,6 ilbidhiqsi - aad ayuu uga dhakhso badan yahay tirooyinka rasmiga ah ee BMW.
4-litir V6,2 oo ka yimid Chevrolet
Meesha: Chevrolet Corvette
Waqtiga wadarta guud ee matoorada turbo, weli waxaa jira gawaari leh matoorro hawo leh. Oo wax ku ool ah. Corvette-kan cusub wuxuu soosaaraa ku dhowaad 500 faras hoostiisa V8 wuxuuna u adeegsadaa inuu ku dedejiyo 2,8 ilbiriqsi illaa 96 km / saacaddii (oo wata xirmada Z51).
Xitaa noocyada ugu qaalisan uguna awooda badan ee C7 Z06 (650 hp) iyo C7 ZR1 (755 hp) kama hor mari karaan matoorada aadka u yar laakiin cusub ee LT2. Waxaan ku arki doonnaa cutubkan 'C8 Corvette Z06,' hyper ZR1 'iyo' Zora hybrid '.
5-litir V6,2 leh kombaresarada ka timid Dodge
Где: Dodge tartame Hellcat Redeye
Warqadda, waa dinosaur dhab ah: mugga sare, birta la shubay, valves dusha sare ah iyo charger weyn oo Roots ah. Laakiin ficil ahaan, awoodeeda way adagtahay in lagu murmo: moodooyinka Hellcat, hemi-kani wuxuu soo saaraa 707 hooras, iyo nooca Redeye, ilaa 797.
Xuddunta 881 Nm waxay daqiiqado gudahood taayirro cusub ugu rogi kartaa calal. Awoodda dheeriga ah waxay ka timaaddaa supercharger weyn oo 2,7-litir ah iyo bamka shidaalka labaad lagu daro.
6-litir oo mataano-turbo V3,9 ah oo ka yimid Ferrari
Е: Ferrari 488 Pista, Ferrari GTCLusso T, Ferrari F8 Tributo, Ferrari Portofino, Ferrari SF90 Stradale
Talyaanigu wuxuu soo saaray jiilkan cusub ee matoorrada sanadkii 2014-kii isagoo wata Kalifoorniya T, laakiin si joogto ah ayey u sii wanaajin jireen tan iyo markaas, awoodduna si isdaba joog ah ayey uga kordheysay ku dhowaad 500 ilaa in ka badan 710 hooras (8000 rpm) iyo 770 Nm oo ah xaddiga ugu badan.
Tan waxaa lagu gaaraa duufaan cusub, crankshaft gebi ahaanba cusub iyo xirmo isku xirta titanium (iyo aad u fudud). Intaa waxaa sii dheer, Ferrari wuxuu kordhiyay xoogaa cadaadiska, wuxuu bedelay nidaamka qiiqa iyo xitaa SF90 Stradale wuxuu kordhiyay mugga ilaa 4 litir iyo awooda 769 hooras.
7-litir Mataanaha-Turbo V-2,9 oo ka socda Alfa Romeo
Alfa Romeo Giulia Quadrifoglio, Alfa Romeo Stelvio Quadifoglio
Mashiinkaan wuxuu soo saaraa 510 hooras 6500 rpm iyo 600 Nm oo xuddunta kaliya ah 2500 rpm. Khadka cas wuxuu ku yaal 6500 rpm, laakiin dhab ahaantii mashiinkan ayaa si fudud u garaaci kara ilaa 7 kahor intaan shidaalka la xadidin. Kani waa unugga ugu awoodda badan ee Alfa abid soo saaray waxayna umuuqataa inay leedahay labo dhululubooyin kale.
Sheegashada in laga qaatay Ferrari waa wax la buunbuuniyey - dhab ahaantii, waxay ku saleysneyd V8 oo ay la leeyihiin shirkad mataano-turbo ah oo ka socota Maranello, laakiin intaas ka dib waxoogaa isbedel ah ayaa la sameeyey. Baloogyada iyo madaxyada silsiladdu waxay ka samaysan yihiin aluminium, waxay leeyihiin cirbad toos ah, xagal 90 darajo ah oo u dhexeeya silsiladaha, laba camshaft oo dusha sare ah, 24 faallooyin iyo saamiga isku soo ururinta ee 9,3: 1. Waxaad sidoo kale ka heli doontaa gaariga gadaal-gadaal ah (Giulia Quadrifoglio) iyo 4-wheel drive × 4 (Stelvio Quadrifoglio).
8-litir TT V-3,5 Soosaarka Sare ee Ford
Halkee: Ford F-150
Mashiinka ugu weyn uguna waxtarka badan (691 Nm) V6 ee liiskan ku yaal. Cutubkani wuxuu ka duwan yahay kan kale ee mataanaha-turbo V6 ee aad ka heli doontid Ford GT supercar. Waxqabadka sare waa heerka on Raptor iyo noocyo kooban oo ah gaariga ugu iibinta badan Mareykanka.
Waxay isticmaashaa aluminium, cirbad toos ah iyo turbochargers oo ka socda qaybta 3,5-litir, laakiin ku dhowaad wax kasta oo kale waa kuwo gaar ah. Cadaadiska turbocharged waa 1,24 bar, crankshaft iyo biraha waa la xoojiyay, kamshashadu way fududahay, ugu dambayntiina saddex-tan raso ayaa xawaareysa ilaa 96 km / saac shan ilbidhiqsi oo keliya.
9-litir oo mataano-turbo V4 ah oo ka socda Volkswagen
Halkee: qaabab badan oo VW, Audi, Bentley iyo Porsche ah
Dhab ahaantii, cutubkan waxaa laga heli karaa VW Touareg ilaa dhammaan noocyada noocyada raaxada ee kooxda. Nooca ugu awoodda badan ayaa kaxeeya Lamborghini Urus, kaas oo soo saara 650 faras 6000 rpm iyo 850 Nm. Wax la yaab leh ma aha, isgoyska weyn ee isgoysku wuxuu ka socdaa 96 ilaa 3,1 mph kaliya XNUMX ilbidhiqsi, taasoo ka dhigaysa SUV -kii ugu dhaqsaha badnaa ee abid tijaabiyey C&D.
Baloogu wuxuu ka samaysan yahay aluminium, qalabku waa 32, turbochargers-ku waxay leeyihiin labalaab isku wareeg ah waxayna ku yaalliin inta u dhexeysa dhululubada. Khadka cas wuxuu ku yaal 6750 rpm, laakiin dhab ahaantii cutubkan ayaa ugu cajaa'ib yar rpms-ka hooseeya.
10-litir tamar sare naaftada naaftada ka socota Cummins
Meesha: Ram 3500
Xitaa inta lagu gudajiray dhibaatada coronavirus, iibka Ram ee Ameerika ayaa sii kordhaya. Mid ka mid ah sababaha ugu waaweyn waa unugga naaftada, kaas oo jiidi kara guriga oo ay weheliyaan aasaaska. Nooca Waxsoosaarka Sare wuxuu leeyahay awoodda ugu badan ee 400 faras iyo - neeftaada hayso - xaddiga ugu sarreeya ee mitirka 1355.
Waa unugga naaftada ugu awoodda badan abid oo ay soo saarto khabiir ku takhasusay mashiinka Cummins, laakiin sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu jilicsan uguna waxtarka badan. Turbo waxay ku socotaa 2,27 bar oo saamiga cadaadiska waa 16,2: 1.
11-litir oo mashiinka turbo-ka ah ee ka socda Honda
Halkee: Honda Accord, Honda Nooca Madaniga R
Jabaaniyiintu waxay ku dhisayaan nooca loo yaqaan 'Civic Type R' warshad xiran oo ku taal Swindon, UK, laakiin mishiinka labada litir ah ee DOHC ayaa laga dhisay Anna, Ohio, USA.
Waxay leedahay aluminium aluminium ah oo leh qaybo khafiifa oo dheeri ah iyo crankshaft bir ah oo la xoojiyay. Bistooladadu waxay leeyihiin nidaam qaboojiye oo si toos ah looga qaaday matoorada Honda Formula 1.
Iyada oo lagu daray 1,6 bar turbocharging iyo kor u qaadis ilaa 7000 rpm, cutubkani waa cutubka ugu awooda badan ee abid Jabbaanku ka iibiyo Waqooyiga Ameerika: 315 hp. 6500 rpm iyo 400 Nm. Awooda heshiiska waa wax yar oo xishood badan, laakiin wali wacdaro leh.
12-litir V5,2 leh kombaresarada shirkadda Ford
:Е: Ford Mustang Shelby GT500
Iyada oo leh 760 hooras 7300 rpm iyo 850 Nm 5000 Nm, waa mashiinka wax soo saar ee ugu awooda badan taariikhda Ford. Waxaa loogu yeeraa Predator, ama Predator, wuxuu qalabkiisa kula wadaagayaa nooca jawiga Voodoo V8 GT350, laakiin wax kasta oo kale way ka duwan yihiin.
Superatariraha ugu weyn ee Eaton ku duraya 0,82 bar dhululubada. Xaqiiqdii, isweydaarsigu aad buu u weyn yahay in bilow wanaagsan uu yahay dhibaato halis ah. Aan ku xusno dhawaaqa bahalnimada ah ee qof walba ka kicin doona toban baloog.
13-litir turbo toosan oo ka socota BMW
Meesha: moodooyin badan oo BMW ah
Waxaa lagu heli karaa hal nooc iyo mataano turbo ah, laakiin labada xaaladoodba, lixdan dhisme waxay u shaqeeyaan si habsami leh sida codka Marvin Gaye, sheegashada C & D. Xaqiiqdii, waxaa jira laba cutub oo leh muggan oo kala duwan Bavaria.
Midkood, S55 / S58, wuxuu wadaa matoorrada isboortiga ee M2 iyo M4 waana guul farsamo oo aad ufiican oo lagahelay digsiga saliida magnesium, foojarka birta been abuurka ah iyo darbiyada silsiladaha lagu daaweeyo. Awoodu waxay gaareysaa 510 hooras ee moodooyinka cusub.
14-litir V-6,5 oo ka yimid Ferrari
Meesha: Ferrari 812 Superfast
Barakaca mashiinka ayaa ka sii yaraanaya adduunka oo dhan, laakiin Ferrari ma sii deyn doono astaamihiisa V12 muddo aad u dheer. Cutubkan, oo ku qalabaysan nidaam qaybinta gaaska gaarka ah, wuxuu isu beddelaa si caadi ah illaa 9000 rpm.
Dhawaaqa kama cod badna sida 911 GT3 ama McLaren 720, laakiin dhawaqu wuxuu taabanayaa xudunta. Waxayna mar kale cadeyneysaa in injineerada makaanikada ay hal-abuurnimo uheli karaan nashqadeeyayaasha.
15 litir feeryahan ka yimid Porsche
Dhexdhexaad: Porsche 718 Cayman GT4, Porsche 718 Spyder
Kani maahan uun nooc daciif ah mishiinka loo adeegsaday 911 GT3, laakiin waa cutub gebi ahaanba ka duwan, runtiina waxay ku saleysan tahay feeryahannada saddex-liitar ee noocyada aadka u suubban 911.
Waa mid ka mid ah laba cutub oo si dabiici ah loo baadi goobayo oo ku jira liistada oo leh 13,0: 1 saamiga isku-duubnaanta, waqtiga kala-beddelashada waalka iyo fureyaal gaar ah oo ku jira noocyada kala-qaadashada ee si ballaaran loo furi karo marka hawo badan loo baahdo. Porsche waxay soo warineysaa 420 hooras 7600 rpm, laakiin matoorku wuxuu si fudud u cabi karaa 8100 - oo leh cod Porsche gaar ah.