Abrams ee Poland - fikrad fiican?
Waqti ka waqti, fikradda ah helitaanka taangiyada M1 Abrams ee qalabka milatari ee dheeraadka ah ee Maraykanka ayaa ku soo noqda cutubyada gaashaaman ee Polish. Dhawaan, waxaa mar kale loo tixgeliyey baahida loo qabo in si degdeg ah loo xoojiyo awoodda Ciidamada Qalabka Sida ee Polish ee loogu yeero. darbiga bari. Sawirka, taangiga M1A1 ee ciidamada badda ee Mareykanka.
Ku dhawaad labaatan sano, mowduuca la wareegida M1 Abrams MBT ee ciidamada qalabka sida ee Polish oo ka yimid tirada ciidamada Mareykanka ayaa si joogto ah u soo laabaneysay. Toddobaadyadii la soo dhaafay, macluumaadka ayaa soo baxay, oo aan rasmi ahayn, dabcan, in siyaasiyiintu ay mar kale ka fekerayaan suurtogalnimadaas. Haddaba aynu falanqeyno khasaaraha.
Marka loo eego Kormeerka Hubka, iibsashada taangiyada M1 Abrams, oo ay weheliso casriyeyntooda mid ka mid ah moodooyinka la heli karo, waa mid ka mid ah xulashooyinka loo tixgelinayo qayb ka mid ah marxaladda falanqaynta iyo ra'yiga ee lagu hirgeliyay barnaamijka New Main Tank. Magacyada la la odhan Wilk. Intii lagu jiray wadahadalkii farsamada ee u dhexeeyay bartamihii 2017 iyo horraantii 2019, shaqaalaha IU waxay la kulmeen wakiillo ka socda shirkado iyo hay'ado kala duwan oo laga yaabo inay ku lug yeeshaan hirgelinta barnaamijkan. Waxaa wada xaajood la yeeshay: Ośrodek Badawczo-Rozwojowe Urządzeń Mechanicznych “OBRUM” Sp. z oo, Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG (sameeyaha Jarmalka ee Leopard 2 wuxuu ahaa inuu matalo Wojskowe Zakłady Mechaniczne SA oo ka socda Poznań), Rheinmetall Difaaca (oo ay matasho laanta Polish ee Rheinmetall Difaaca Polska Sp. Z oo), Hyundai Rotem Co Ltd. (oo ay matalaan H Cegielski Poznań SA), BAE Systems Hägglunds AB, General Dynamics European Land Systems (GDELS) iyo Ciidanka Mareykanka. Labada qodob ee ugu dambeeya ayaa xiiso noo yeelan doona, maadaama laga yaabo in Ciidanka Maraykanku ay mas'uul ka yihiin wareejinta baabuurta qalabkooda dheeraadka ah, iyo GDELS waa laanta Yurub ee saaraha Abrams - General Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS). Macluumaadkan waxaa qayb ahaan lagu xaqiijiyay wareysi uu bixiyay Zbigniew Griglas, Ku-xigeenka Xoghayaha Arrimaha Dibedda ee Wasaaradda Hantida Dawladda, kaas oo kormeeraya Waaxda Kormeerka III, oo mas'uul ka ah warshadaha difaaca. Waxa uu sheegay in fursadaha iibsashada taangiyada cusub ee ciidamada gaashaaman iyo makaanized ee ciidamada dhulka ay ka mid yihiin: Altay Turkiga, K2 ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed (waxa uu ula jeeday nooca "Europe-dhexe" ee K2PL / CZ, kaas oo leh ayaa la dallacsiiyay dhowr sano - dhab ahaantii tani waa taangiga cusub), American "Abrams" iyo gaariga, oo loo yaqaan Wasiirka Griglas "taangiga Talyaaniga" (Talyaaniga bixiyay dalal dhowr ah, oo ay ku jiraan Poland, horumarinta wadajirka ah ee jiilka cusub ee MBT. ). Waxa xiiso leh, ma uusan sheegin Franco-Jarmal (oo leh goobjooge Ingiriis ah) barnaamijka Nidaamka Dagaalka Dhulka ugu weyn (MGCS).
Sida laga soo xigtay taageerayaasha iibsashada Abrams, baabuurtani waxay ahayd inay beddelaan T-72M / M1 duugoobay (xitaa M1R oo kor loogu qaaday heerka M91R waxay leeyihiin qiime yar oo dagaal), iyo mustaqbalka, xoogaa casri ah oo PT-XNUMX ah.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ujeedada qormadani maaha in aan ka hadalno kuwa dabadhilifyada ah ee barnaamijka Wilk, haddaba arrimahan aad ugu dheeraan mayno. Taangiyada cusub ayaa ugu horreyntii ahaa in la beddelo T-72M/M1/M1R iyo PT-91 Twardy, iyo mustaqbalka, kuwo casri ah, laakiin sidoo kale da'da Leopard 2PL/A5. Marka loo eego falanqaynta la sameeyay intii lagu jiray diyaarinta Dib-u-eegista Difaaca Istaraatiijiga ah ee 2016, Poland waa inay iibsadaan ilaa 800 taangiyada jiilka cusub laga bilaabo 2030, iyada oo xubno ka tirsan hoggaanka markaa ee Wasaaradda Difaaca Qaranka ay muujinayaan in ay suurtagal tahay in la iibsado "yar tirada" taangiyada jiilasha hadda jira ayaa xoogaa dheereeya. Tani waxay noqon kartaa lagama maarmaan xaaladaha xaalad farsamo oo aad u liidata ee qaybaha loo qorsheeyay dib u habeynta iyo wax ka beddelka taangiyada T-72M / M1. Si aan rasmi ahayn, waxay sheegeen in 318 baabuur oo markii hore loogu talagalay in lagu shaqeeyo, laga yaabo in boqol ka mid ah aysan faa'iido lahayn. Sidaa darteed, waxaa jira farqi xagga tignoolajiyada ah oo loogu talagalay laba guuto oo taangi ah. Aabraam "ka yimid cidlada" ayaa soo buuxiyey?
Abrams ee Poland
Mid ka mid ah xulashooyinka la tixgeliyey si loo "cajabiyo" farqiga qalabka ka hor intaan la bilaabin taangiga Wilk waxay noqon kartaa iibsashada taangiyada M1 Abrams ee hore ee Maraykanka (waxay u badan tahay nooca M1A1 ama wax yar oo cusub, maadaama ay ku guuleysteen kaydadka qalabka) iyo dib u cusboonaysiintooda ku xigtay mid ka mid ah fursadaha ay hadda isticmaalaan Ciidanka Maraykanku. Noocyada M1A1M, M1A1SA, ama kala duwanaanshiyaha ku salaysan M1A2 (sida Morocco ama dhoofinta Sucuudiga M1A2M ama M1A2S) ayaa runtii halis ku jira. M1A2X sidoo kale waa suurtogal, maadaama in muddo ah baabuur loo waday Taiwan (hadda M1A2T) la calaamadeeyay, kaas oo loo maleynayo inuu u dhigmo M1A2C kii ugu dambeeyay (sidoo kale hoosta M1A2 SEP v.3). Dhacdada ugu macquulsan haddii doorashadan la doorto, laga yaabee xitaa tan kaliya ee suurtogalka ah, waxay noqon doontaa iibsashada taangiyada hore ee Maraykanka oo laga helo tirada ciidamada Maraykanka ama Marine Corps (boqolaal baabuur ayaa lagu kaydiyaa deyrar waaweyn oo kaydka qalabka ah, sida Kaydka Ciidanka Sierra Leone) iyo casriyeyntooda ku xigtay ee Xarunta Wax-soo-saarka Warshadaha ee Wadajirka ah ee Lima, Ohio, oo ay leedahay dawladda Maraykanka oo ay hadda maamusho GDLS. Ciidanka Mareykanka iyo Ilaalada Qaranka Mareykanka waxay ku talo jiraan in ay heystaan ilaa 4000 M1A1 iyo M1A2 taangiyada wax ka beddelka kala duwan ee adeegga, kuwaas oo 1392 baabuur ay ku sii jiri doonaan kooxda dagaalka ee gaashaaman (ABST) (870 tobankii US Army ABSTs iyo 522 baabuur). lix ABCTs oo ka mid ah Ilaalada Qaranka Mareykanka) - inta soo hartay waxaa loo isticmaalaa tababar, aboor baa lagu hayaa bakhaarro ku kala firirsan adduunka, iwm. Taangiyadan, sababo cad, looma iibin - 1980-1995, Ciidamada Qalabka Sida ee Maraykanka ayaa helay, sida laga soo xigtay ilo kala duwan, laga bilaabo 8100 ilaa 9300 M1 taangiyada oo dhan, kuwaas oo in ka badan 1000 la dhoofiyay. Waxay soo socotaa in laga yaabo inay jiraan saddex ilaa afar kun oo xabbo oo bakhaarro Maraykan ah, qaar ka mid ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa nooca ugu da'da weyn ee M1 oo leh 105-mm M68A1 qori. Kuwa ugu qiimaha badan waa M1A1FEPs, kuwaas oo ilaa 400 oo ka mid ah ay ku hareen "wareegitaanka" tan iyo markii Ciidanka Marinesku ay ka tageen cutubyo gaashaaman (eeg WiT 12/2020) - Guutooyinka gaashaaman ee Marine Corps ayaa shaqada laga joojin doonaa ka hor dhammaadka sanadka. Markaa waxaad runtii iibsan kartaa M1A1 oo keliya wax ka beddello kala duwan. Haddaba bal aynu eegno Abrams laftiisa.
