AC-130J Ghost Rider

Ciidamada Cirka ee Maraykanka ayaa hadda haysta 13 diyaaradood oo AC-130J Block 20/20+ ah, kuwaas oo shaqayn doona sannadka soo socda markii ugu horreysay.

Bartamihii bishii March ee sanadkan waxa ay keentay xog cusub oo ku saabsan horumarinta diyaarada AC-130J Ghostrider dabka ka taageerta ee Lockheed Martin, taas oo ka dhigaysa jiil cusub oo baabuurta fasalkan ah oo u adeegaya diyaaradaha dagaalka Maraykanka. Noocyadii ugu horreeyay caan ma ahayn isticmaalayaasha. Sababtan awgeed, shaqadu waxay ka bilaabantay kala duwanaanshaha Block 30, nuqulkii ugu horreeyay oo la diray bishii Maarso ilaa 4-aad ee Hawlgallada Gaarka ah ee Squadron ee fadhigoodu yahay Hurlbert Field ee Florida.

Maraakiibtii ugu horeysay ee dagaalka ee ku saleysan Lockheed C-130 Hercules diyaaradaha qaada ayaa la dhisay 1967-kii, markaasoo ciidamada Mareykanka ay ka qeyb qaateen dagaalkii Vietnam. Waqtigaas, 18 C-130As ayaa loo beddelay si ay u xiraan diyaaradaha taageerada dabka, dib u habeynta AC-130A, waxayna soo afjareen shaqadooda 1991. Horumarinta naqshadda aasaasiga ah waxay ka dhigan tahay in 1970-kii shaqada jiilkeeda labaad lagu bilaabay saldhigga S-130E. . Kordhinta culeyska lacagta waxaa loo adeegsaday in lagu dejiyo hubka culus ee madaafiicda, oo uu ku jiro howitzer-ka M105 102mm. Wadar ahaan, 130 diyaaradood ayaa dib loo dhisay nooc ka mid ah AC-11E, qeybtii labaad ee 70-meeyadiina waxaa loo beddelay nooca AC-130N. Farqiga ayaa u sabab ahaa isticmaalka matoorada T56-A-15 ka xoog badan oo leh awood 3315 kW / 4508 hp. Sannadihii xigay, awoodda mishiinnada ayaa mar kale kor u kacday, markan sababtoo ah suurtogalnimada in diyaaradda lagu shubo iyada oo la adeegsanayo isku xirka adag, iyo qalabka elektaroonigga ah ayaa sidoo kale la cusboonaysiiyay. Muddo ka dib, kombuyuutarrada cusub ee xakamaynta dabka, indho-indhaynta indhaha-electronic iyo ujeedka madaxa, nidaamka satalaytka navigation, hababka cusub ee isgaarsiinta, dagaalka elektaroonigga ah iyo is-difaaca ayaa ka soo muuqday maraakiibta dagaalka. AC-130H ayaa si firfircoon uga qayb qaadatay dagaaladii ka dhacay meelo kala duwan oo caalamka ah. Waxaa lagu baabtiisay Vietnam, markii dambana dariiqa dagaalka waxaa ka mid ahaa, dagaalladii Gacanka Faaris iyo Ciraaq, colaaddii Balkanka, dagaalladii Laybeeriya iyo Soomaaliya, iyo ugu dambeyntii dagaalkii Afgaanistaan. Inta lagu guda jiro adeegga, saddex baabuur ayaa la waayay, iyo ka bixitaanka haray ee xoogga dagaalka bilaabay 2014.

AC-130J Block 30 ee ugu horeysay ka dib wareejinta Ciidanka Cirka ee Maraykanka, baabuurka ayaa sugaya ilaa hal sano oo imtixaanada hawlgalka ah, taas oo muujinaysa horumarinta kartida iyo isku halaynta marka la barbardhigo noocyada hore.

Wadada AC-130J

Qeybtii labaad ee 80-meeyadii, Mareykanku waxa ay bilaabeen in ay baddalaan maraakiib dagaal oo hore kuwo cusub. Marka hore AC-130A waa laga noqday, ka dibna AC-130U. Baabuurtan oo dib loo dhisay baabuurta S-130N, keenistooduna waxay bilaabatay 1990kii. Marka la barbardhigo AC-130N, qalabkooda elegtarooniga ah waa la cusboonaysiiyay. Laba goobood oo indho-indhayn ah ayaa lagu daray iyo hubka dhoobada ah ayaa lagu rakibay goobaha muhiimka ah ee dhismaha. Iyada oo qayb ka ah awoodaha is-difaaca ee kordhay, diyaarad kastaa waxay heshay tiro korodhay oo ah AN / ALE-47 soo-saareyaal bartilmaameed ah oo muuqda (oo leh 300 dipoles si ay u carqaladeeyaan saldhigyada radar iyo 180 dabci si ay u curyaamiyaan madaxyada gantaalaha homing infrared), kuwaas oo la falgalay jihada AN. nidaamka jaming infrared / AAQ-24 DIRCM (Directional Infrared Countermeasure) iyo anti-diyaaradaha digniinta gantaalaha AN / AAR-44 (ka dib AN / AAR-47). Intaa waxaa dheer, AN / ALQ-172 iyo AN / ALQ-196 hababka dagaalka elektarooniga ah ayaa la rakibay si loo abuuro faragelin iyo madaxa ilaalinta AN / AAQ-117. Hubka caadiga ah waxaa ku jiray 25mm General Dynamics GAU-12/U Equalizer propulsion cannon (beddelaya 20mm lammaane ee M61 Vulcans oo laga saaray AC-130H), 40mm Bofors L/60 cannon, iyo 105mm M102 cannon. howitzer. Xakamaynta dabka waxaa bixiyay AN/AAQ-117 madaxa optoelectronic iyo xarunta radar AN/APQ-180. Diyaaradan ayaa adeegtay qeybtii hore ee sagaashameeyadii, dhaq dhaqaaqooda dagaal waxa uu ku bilowday taageerada ciidamada caalamiga ah ee Balkans-ka, ka dibna waxa ay ka qeyb qaateen colaadaha Ciraaq iyo Afgaanistaan.

Dagaalladii Afgaanistaan ​​iyo Ciraaq horeyba u jiray qarnigii 130aad waxay horseedeen abuurista nooc kale oo ah khadka weerarka Hercules. Baahidaas waxa keenay, dhinac, horumar farsamo, iyo dhinaca kale, iyadoo la dedejiyey wax ka beddelkii hore ee muddada dagaalka, iyo sidoo kale baahiyo hawleed. Natiijo ahaan, USMC iyo USAF waxay iibsadeen xirmooyinka taageerada dabka ee caadiga ah ee KC-130J Hercules (barnaamijka Harvest Hawk) iyo MC-130W Dragon Spear (Barnaamijka Xidhmada Saxda ah) - kan dambe ayaa loo beddelay AC-30W Stinger II. Labaduba waxay suurto galiyeen in si dhakhso ah dib loogu qalabeeyo gaadiidka daabula ee loo isticmaalo in lagu taageero ciidamada dhulka gantaalada hawada-ilaa-guriga ah ee la hagayo iyo 23 mm GAU-44 / A cannons (nooca hawada ee Mk105 Bushmaster II unugga propulsion) iyo 102 mm M130 howitzers (loogu talagalay AC-130W). Isla markaana, waayo-aragnimadii hawl-gelintu ay noqotay mid miro dhal ah, taasoo gundhig u noqotay dhismaha iyo horumarinta geesiyaasha maqaalkan, i.. noocyada xiga ee AC-XNUMXJ Ghostrider.

Nadlatuje AC-130J Ghost Rider

Barnaamijka AC-130J Ghostrider waa natiijada baahida hawlgalka iyo isbeddelka jiilka ee diyaaradaha Maraykanka. Mashiinno cusub ayaa loo baahday si ay u beddelaan diyaaradaha AC-130N iyo AC-130U ee duugoobay, iyo sidoo kale in la ilaaliyo awoodda KS-130J iyo AC-130W. Laga soo bilaabo bilowgii hore, qiimaha dhimista (oo aad u sarreeya, oo gaaraya ilaa $ 120 milyan nuqulkii, marka loo eego xogta 2013) ayaa la qaatay sababtoo ah isticmaalka nooca MC-130J Commando II ee mashiinka saldhigga ah. Natiijo ahaan, diyaaraddu waxay lahayd warshad xoojisay naqshadaynta hawada waxayna isla markiiba heshay qalab dheeraad ah (oo ay ku jiraan indho-indhaynta indhaha-electronic iyo madaxda hagidda). Tusaalahan waxa keenay soo saaraha oo dib loogu dhisay Saldhigga Ciidanka Cirka ee Eglin ee Florida. Baabuurta kale ayaa lagu beddelayaa goobta Lockheed Martin ee Crestview isla xaaladdii. Waxay qaadatay hal sano in la dhamaystiro nooca AC-130J, iyo marka la eego rakibaadda taxanaha ah, muddadan waxaa loo maleynayaa inay ku kooban tahay sagaal bilood.