Waa maxay diode?

Diode waa qayb elektaroonik ah oo laba-terminal ah, waxay xaddidaa socodka hadda ku jira hal jiho oo u oggolaanaya in ay si xor ah u socoto jihada ka soo horjeeda. Waxay leedahay adeegsiyo badan oo wareegyada elektiroonigga ah waxaana loo isticmaali karaa in lagu dhiso rectifiers, rogayaal, iyo koronto-dhaliye.

Maqaalkan, waxaan ku qaadan doonaa eegid waa maxay diode iyo sida uu u shaqeeyo. Waxaan sidoo kale eegi doonaa qaar ka mid ah isticmaalkeeda caadiga ah ee wareegyada elektaroonigga ah. Markaa aan bilowno!

Sidee buu u shaqeeyaa diode?

Diode waa qalab elektaroonik ah oo Waxa ay u ogolaataa hadda waa inuu hal jiho u socdaa. Badanaa waxaa laga helaa wareegyada korantada. Waxay ku shaqeeyaan saldhigga walxaha semiconductor ee laga sameeyay, kuwaas oo noqon kara nooca N ama P-type. Hadduu yahay nooca N-ka, waxa uu dhaafi doonaa oo kaliya marka danabku loo maro isla jihada falaarta diode-ka, halka P-nooca ay ka gudbayaan hadda marka danabku ka soo horjeedo fallaadihiisa.

Maaddada semiconductor waxay u oggolaanaysaa hadda inay qulqulaan, abuuraanaagga xaalufinta', tani waa gobolka ay ka mamnuuc tahay elektarooniga. Ka dib markii danab la isticmaalo, aagga dhimista waxay gaartaa labada daraf ee diode waxayna u ogolaataa hadda inuu dhex socdo. Habkaan waxaa loo yaqaan "eexda hore".

Haddii danab lagu dabaqo si cad walxaha semiconductor, eexda rogan. Tani waxay sababi doontaa in aagga xaalufku ka soo baxo hal daraf oo terminalka oo uu joojiyo qulqulka hadda. Tani waa sababta oo ah haddii korantada lagu dabaqo isla dariiqa sida falaarta ku jirta semiconductor-ka nooca P, semiconductor-ga nooca P wuxuu u dhaqmi lahaa sida N-nooca sababtoo ah waxay u oggolaaneysaa electrons inay u dhaqaaqaan jihada ka soo horjeeda falaarta.

socodka hadda jira ee Diode

Maxaa loo isticmaalaa diodes?

Diodes ayaa loo isticmaalaa beddelo hadda toos u socota beddelka hadda, iyada oo la xannibayo socodsiinta kharashka korontada. Qaybtan ugu muhiimsan waxa kale oo laga heli karaa dimmers, matoorada korontada, iyo baalayaasha cadceedda.

Diodes waxaa loo isticmaalaa kombiyuutarada difaaca Qaybaha kombuyuutarrada elektiroonigga ah ee ka yimaada burburka korontadu kor u kacday. Waxay yareeyaan ama xannibaan korontada in ka badan inta uu u baahan yahay mishiinku. Waxa kale oo ay hoos u dhigtaa isticmaalka tamarta kombuyuutarka, badbaadinta tamarta iyo yaraynta kulaylka ka dhex dhasha qalabka. Diodes-ka waxaa loo isticmaalaa qalabyada dhamaadka sare sida foornooyinka, weelka dhaqda, foornooyinka microwave-ka iyo mashiinada dharka lagu dhaqo. Waxa loo isticmaalaa qalabkan si looga hortago dhaawac korontadu kor u kacday oo ay sababto korontadu.

Codsiga diodes

• sixitaanka
• Sida beddelka
• Wareegga Go'doominta Isha
• Sida danab tixraaceed
• Isku-darka inta jeer
• Dib u celi ilaalinta hadda
• Ka-hortagga polarity-ka
• Ilaalinta kor u kaca
• Qalabka baqshadda AM ama demodulator (diade detector)
• Sida isha iftiinka
• In wareegga dareenka heerkulka togan
• In wareegga dareenka iftiinka
• Batari cadceedda ama batari sawir leh
• Sida googooye
• Sida ilaaliye

Taariikhda diode

Erayga "diode" wuxuu ka yimid Греческий ereyga "diodous" ama "diodos". Ujeedada diode waa in loo ogolaado in korontadu ay u socoto hal jiho oo kaliya. Diode sidoo kale waxaa loogu yeeri karaa waalka elektarooniga ah.

La helay Henry Joseph Round Tijaabadii uu ku sameeyay Korontada 1884kii. Tijaabooyinkan ayaa lagu sameeyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo tuubo galaas ah oo faakuum ah, taas oo gudaha ay ku yaalliin electrodes bir ah oo ku yaal labada daraf. Cathode wuxuu leeyahay saxan leh koronto togan iyo anode-ku wuxuu leeyahay saxan leh koronto taban. Marka hadda la dhex maro tuubada, way shidmi doontaa, taas oo muujinaysa in tamartu ay wareegayso wareegga.

Yaa hindisay diode

In kasta oo diode-kii ugu horreeyay ee semiconductor uu ikhtiraacay 1906dii by John A. Fleming, waxa loo tiriyaa William Henry Price iyo Arthur Schuster si madax-bannaani ay u ikhtiraaceen aaladda 1907dii.

William Henry Preece iyo Arthur Schuster

Noocyada diode

• Diode signal yar
• Diode signal weyn
• Stabilitron
• Diode iftiin leh (LED)
• Diodes DC
• Schottky diode
• Shockley Diode
• Diodes soo kabashada tilaabada
• tunnel diode
• Varactor diode
• leysarka dareere
• Diode xakamaynta ku meel gaadhka ah
• Dheecaanno dahab ah
• Diodes xannibaad sare
• Peltier diode
• crystal diode
• Avalanche Diode
• Dib-u-habeeya Silikoonka oo La Xakameeyo
• Faakiyuum diodes
• PIN koodka
• barta xiriirka
• Diode Hanna

Diode signal yar

Diode calaamad yar waa qalab semiconductor leh awood beddelasho degdeg ah iyo hoos u dhaca danab korantada. Waxay bixisaa difaac heer sare ah oo ka hortag ah waxyeelada ay sabab u tahay dareeraha korantada.

Diode signal weyn

Diode-ka weyni waa nooc ka mid ah diode-ka gudbiya calaamadaha heer awood ka sarreeya marka loo eego diode-ka signal-yar. Diode signal weyn ayaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa in AC loogu beddelo DC. Diode signal weyn ayaa gudbin doona calaamada iyada oo aan lahayn wax koronto ah waana ka raqiisan yahay capacitor-ka korantada.

Kapacitor-ka-dejinta waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa iyadoo lagu darayo diode signal weyn. Isticmaalka qalabkani wuxuu saameeyaa wakhtiga jawaabta ku-meel-gaarka ah ee wareegga. Xirmada kala-goynta waxay caawisaa xaddididda isbedbedelka korantada ee ay sababto isbeddellada xannibaadda.

Stabilitron

Diode Zener waa nooc gaar ah oo kaliya ku qaban doona korantada aagga si toos ah hoos u dhaca danabka tooska ah. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in marka hal terminal ee diode zener la tamarsiiyo, ay u ogolaato hadda in uu ka guuro terminalka kale una guuro terminalka tamarta leh. Waa muhiim in qalabkan si habboon loo isticmaalo oo dhulka la dhigo, haddii kale waxa laga yaabaa inay si joogto ah u dhaawacdo wareeggaaga. Waxa kale oo muhiim ah in qalabkan lagu isticmaalo bannaanka, maadaama uu fashilmi doono haddii la dhigo jawi qoyan.

Marka hadda ku filan lagu dabaqo diodka zener, hoos u dhac danab ayaa la abuuraa. Haddii danabkani gaadho ama ka bato korantada burburka ee mishiinka, markaas waxa ay u ogolaataa in hadda uu ka soo qulqulo hal terminal.

Diode iftiin leh (LED)

Diode iftiimiya iftiinka (LED) wuxuu ka samaysan yahay walxo semiconductor ah oo iftiimiya iftiinka marka qadar ku filan oo koronto ah uu dhex maro. Mid ka mid ah sifooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee LED-yada ayaa ah inay tamarta korantada u beddelaan tamarta indhaha si aad u hufan. Nalalka LED-yada waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa sida nalalka tilmaamayaasha si ay u muujiyaan bartilmaameedyada aaladaha elektiroonigga ah sida kumbuyuutarrada, saacadaha, raadiyaha, telefishinnada, iyo wixii la mid ah.

LED-ku waa tusaalaha ugu muhiimsan ee horumarinta tignoolajiyada microchip waxayna awood u siisay isbeddelo la taaban karo oo ku saabsan iftiinka iftiinka. LED-yadu waxay isticmaalaan ugu yaraan laba lakab oo semiconductor ah si ay u dhaliyaan iftiin, hal pn si ay u dhaliyaan sidayaal (elektarooni iyo godad), kuwaas oo loo diro dhinacyada iska soo horjeeda ee lakabka "caqabadda" kaas oo qabta godadka hal dhinac ah iyo elektaroonnada kale. . Tamarta sidayaasha xayiran waxay dib ugu soo noqotaa "resonance" oo loo yaqaan electroluminescence.

LED waxa loo tixgaliyaa in uu yahay nalka wax ku ool ah waayo waxa ay sii daysaa kulayl yar oo ay weheliso iftiinkeeda. Waxay ka nolol dheer tahay nalalka shidan, kuwaas oo socon kara ilaa 60 jeer ka dheer, waxay leeyihiin iftiin sare oo soo saara oo sii daaya sunta ka yar nalalka caadiga ah.

Faa'iidada ugu weyn ee LED-yadu waa xaqiiqda ah inay u baahan yihiin awood aad u yar si ay ugu shaqeeyaan, taas oo ku xidhan nooca LED-ka. Hadda waa suurtogal in la isticmaalo LED-yada leh sahay koronto oo u dhexeeya unugyada qorraxda ilaa baytariyada iyo xitaa beddelka hadda (AC).

Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo kala duwan oo LEDs ah waxayna ku yimaadaan midabyo kala duwan oo ay ku jiraan casaan, oranji, jaalle, cagaar, buluug, caddaan, iyo kuwo kale. Maanta, LED-yada waxaa lagu heli karaa qulqul iftiin leh oo ah 10 ilaa 100 lumens per watt (lm/W), taas oo ku dhawaad ​​la mid ah ilaha iftiinka caadiga ah.

Diodes DC

Diode joogto ah, ama CCD, waa nooc ka mid ah diode-hagaha korantada ee saadka korontada. Hawsha ugu weyn ee CCD waa in la dhimo khasaaraha tamarta wax soo saarka iyo hagaajinta xasilinta danab iyada oo la yareynayo isbedbedelkeeda marka culeysku isbeddelo. CCD waxa kale oo loo istcimaali karaa in lagu hagaajiyo heerarka korantada galinta DC iyo in lagu xakameeyo heerarka DC ee xadiidka wax soo saarka.

Schottky diode

Diodes-ka Schottky waxa kale oo loo yaqaan diodes sideyaal kulul.

Schottky diode waxa alifay Dr. Walter Schottky 1926kii. Hal-abuurka Schottky diode ayaa noo ogolaatay in aan isticmaalno LED-yada (diodes-ka iftiimiya iftiinka) sida ilo calaamado ah oo lagu kalsoonaan karo.

Diode wuxuu leeyahay saameyn aad u faa'iido leh marka loo isticmaalo wareegyada soo noqnoqda sare. Diode Schottky wuxuu ka kooban yahay inta badan saddex qaybood; P, N iyo isgoysyada birta-semiconductor. Naqshadeynta qalabkani waa sida in isbeddel fiiqan lagu sameeyo gudaha semiconductor adag. Tani waxay u oggolaanaysaa sidayaasha inay ka gudbaan semiconductor ilaa birta. Taa baddalkeeda, tani waxay gacan ka geysaneysaa in la yareeyo koronta hore, taas oo iyaduna yaraynaysa khasaaraha korontada waxayna kordhisaa xawaaraha beddelka ee qalabka isticmaala Schottky diodes by margin aad u weyn.

Shockley Diode

Shockley diode waa qalab semiconductor ah oo leh habayn asymmetric ah oo koronto ah. Diode-ku wuxuu u dhaqmi doonaa hadda hal jiho iyo in ka yar haddii dabada la rogo. Haddii koronto dibadeed lagu hayo guud ahaan Shockley diode, markaas si tartiib tartiib ah ayey u eexdaa marka uu korontadu kordho, ilaa meel loo yaqaan "volt-off" kaas oo aysan jirin wax la mahadin karo maadaama dhammaan electrons ay dib ula midoobaan godadka. . Marka laga soo tago koronta goynta ee ku saabsan matalaadda garaafyada ee sifada korantada hadda, waxaa jira gobol iska caabin taban ah. Shockley-gu wuxuu u dhaqmi doonaa sidii cod-weyneeye leh qiyamka iska caabinta xun ee xadkan.

Shockley shaqadiisa waxaa si fiican loo fahmi karaa iyadoo loo kala qaybiyo saddex qaybood oo loo yaqaan gobollo, hadda xagga dambe ee hoose ilaa sare waa 0, 1 iyo 2 siday u kala horreeyaan.

Gobolka 1, marka danab togan lagu dabaqo eexda hore, elektaroonada waxay ku faafaan semiconductor-ka nooca n-ka ah walxaha p-nooca, halkaas oo "aagga xaalufinta" uu sameeyay sababtoo ah beddelka sidayaal badan. Aagga xaalufku waa gobolka meesha laga saaro alaab-qaadayaasha marka danab la isticmaalo. Aagga xaalufka ee ku xeeran isgoysyada pn waxay ka hortagtaa qulqulka qulqulka xagga hore ee aaladda unidirectional.

Marka elektaroonnada ay ka soo galaan dhinaca n-dhinaca p-nooca, "aagga xaalufinta" ayaa la sameeyay isbeddelka hoose ilaa sare ilaa dariiqa hadda jira la xiro. Daloolada kor ilaa hoos ka socda waxay dib ula midoobaan elektaroonnada hoos u socda oo kor u socda. Taasi waa, inta u dhaxaysa aagagga dhimista ee band conduction iyo band valence, "aagga dib-u-habaynta" ayaa u muuqda, kaas oo ka hortagaya socodka dheeraadka ah ee sidayaasha muhiimka ah iyada oo loo marayo diode Shockley.

Socodka hadda socda waxa hadda gacanta ku haya hal qaade, kaas oo ah sidaha laga tirada badan yahay, ie electrons kiiskan oo ah semiconductor-ka n-nooca iyo godadka walxaha p-nooca. Markaa waxaan odhan karnaa halkan socodka hadda waxa gacanta ku haya inta badan sidayaal (holes iyo electrons) socodka hadda socdaa wuu ka madax banaan yahay danabka la dabaqay ilaa inta la helayo sidayaal lacag la’aan ah oo ku filan.

Gobolka 2, electrons-ka ka soo baxaya aagga xaalufintu waxay dib ula midoobaan godadka dhinaca kale waxayna abuuraan sidayaal cusub oo badan (elektaroono ku jira walxaha p-nooca ee semiconductor n-nooca). Marka godadkani galaan aagga xaalufka, waxay dhammaystiraan dariiqa hadda socda ee loo yaqaan 'Shockley diode'.

Gobolka 3, marka danab dibadda ah lagu dabaqo eexda rogan, gobolka boos-qaadista ama aagga xaalufka ayaa ka muuqda isgoyska, oo ka kooban sidayaal badan iyo kuwa laga tirada badan yahay labadaba. Lammaanaha godka elektarooniga ah waa la kala soocay iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay adeegsiga korantada iyaga oo dhan, taasoo keentay socodka qulqulka dhex mara Shockley. Tani waxay keenaysaa in xaddi yar oo hadda socda uu dhex maraayo Shockley diode.

Diodes soo kabashada tilaabada

Diode-ka-soo-kabashada tillaabada (SRD) waa aalad semiconductor ah oo bixin karta xaalad go'an, shuruud la'aan ah oo lagu maamulo inta u dhaxaysa anode iyo cathode. Kala-guurka ka-guurka ee gobolka-ka-baxsan ee gobolka waxaa sababi kara garaaca tamarta taban. Marka la shido, SRD waxa uu u dhaqmaa sida diode qumman. Marka la damiyo, SRD inta badan waa mid aan waxba tarayn oo leh xoogaa dareere ah, laakiin guud ahaan kuma filna in ay keento khasaare weyn oo codsiyada badankooda.

Jaantuska hoose waxa uu tusinayaa qaababka soo kabashada talaabada ee labada nooc ee SRS. Qalooca sare wuxuu muujinayaa nooca soo kabashada degdega ah, kaas oo soo saara qadar badan oo iftiin ah marka uu galo gobolka ka baxsan. Taas bedelkeeda, qalooca hoose wuxuu muujinayaa diode soo kabasho degdeg ah oo loo habeeyay hawlgalka xawaaraha sare oo muujinaya kaliya shucaac muuqda oo muuqda inta lagu jiro kala-guurka ku-soo-baxa.

Si aad u shido SRD, danab anode-ku waa in uu ka badan yahay danabka xajmiga mashiinka (VT). SRD-gu wuu dami doonaa marka awoodda anodeku ka yar tahay ama la siman yahay awoodda cathode.

tunnel diode

Diode tunnel waa nooc ka mid ah injineernimada quantum ka kaas oo qaada laba qaybood oo semiconductor ah oo ku biira hal gabal oo dhinaca kale u jeedda. Diode tunnel-ka ayaa gaar u ah in elektaroonadu ay dhex maraan semiconductor halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen hareeraha. Tani waa mid ka mid ah sababaha ugu muhiimsan ee farsamada noocan ahi u gaar tahay, sababtoo ah ma jiro nooc kale oo gaadiidka elektarooniga ah ilaa heerkan oo awood u leh inuu fuliyo waxqabadkaas. Mid ka mid ah sababaha ay diodhka tunnel-ka caan u yihiin waa inay qaataan meel ka yar noocyada kale ee injineernimada quantum waxaana sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa codsiyo badan meelo badan.

Varactor diode

Varactor diode waa semiconductor loo isticmaalo awood doorsoomayaal la xakameeyey. Diode-ka varactor wuxuu leeyahay laba xiriir, mid wuxuu ku yaal dhinaca anode ee isgoyska PN iyo kan kale ee dhinaca cathode ee isgoyska PN. Marka aad danab ku xidho varactor, waxa ay u ogolaataa beer koronto in ay samayso taas oo beddesha ballaca lakabka yaraynta. Tani waxay si wax ku ool ah u beddeli doontaa awooddeeda.

leysarka dareere

Diode laser waa semiconductor bixisa iftiin isku xiran, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan 'laser light'. Diode-ka laysarka waxa uu siidaayaa laydh is barbar socda oo kala duwanaansho hoose leh. Tani waxay ka duwan tahay ilaha kale ee iftiinka, sida LED-yada caadiga ah, kuwaas oo iftiinkoodu si weyn u kala duwan yahay.

Diodes-ka laser-ka waxaa loo isticmaalaa kaydinta indhaha, daabacayaasha laser-ka, sawir-qaadayaasha barcode iyo isgaarsiinta fiber optic-ga.

Diode xakamaynta ku meel gaadhka ah

Xakamaynta danab ku meel gaadhka ah (TVS) diode waa diode loogu talagalay in uu ka ilaaliyo kor u kaca korantada iyo noocyada kale ee transients. Waxa kale oo ay awood u leedahay in ay kala saarto danab iyo ta hadda jirta si ay uga hortagto ku-meel-gaadhka danab sare inay soo galaan qalabka elektarooniga ah ee chip-ka. Qalabka TVS-ku ma socon doono inta lagu jiro hawlgalka caadiga ah, laakiin wuxuu qaban doonaa oo kaliya inta lagu jiro ku-meel-gaadhka ah. Inta lagu jiro ku-meel-gaadhka korantada, diode-ka TVS-gu waxa uu ku shaqayn karaa labada sare ee dv/dt iyo dv/dt-yada waaweyn. Qalabka waxaa inta badan laga helaa wareegyada wax gelinta ee wareegyada microprocessor-ka, halkaas oo uu ka shaqeeyo calaamadaha beddelka xawaaraha sare.

Dheecaanno dahab ah

Diodes dahab ah waxaa laga heli karaa capacitors, rectifiers, iyo qalab kale. Diodes-yadan waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa warshadaha elektiroonigga ah sababtoo ah uma baahna danab badan si ay u qabtaan koronto. Diodes lagu qurxiyo dahab waxaa laga samayn karaa nooca p- ama n-nooca qalabka semiconductor. Diode-ka-dahab-dahabku waxa uu si hufan ugu shaqeeyaa koronto heerkul sare, gaar ahaan kuwa n-nooca diodhka ah.

Dahabku maaha wax ku haboon doping semiconductors sababtoo ah atamka dahabka ah aad bay u weyn yihiin si fudud ugu haboon gudaha kiristaalo semiconductor. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in inta badan dahabku aanu si fiican ugu faafin semiconductor. Hal dariiqo oo lagu kordhin karo cabbirka atamka dahabka si ay u faafin karaan waa in lagu daro qalin ama indium. Habka ugu badan ee loo isticmaalo in lagu daro semiconductor dahab ah waa isticmaalka sodium borohydride, kaas oo ka caawiya abuurista dahab iyo lacag ah gudaha crystal semiconductor.

Diodes lagu dhejiyay dahab ayaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa codsiyada tamarta soo noqnoqda. Diodes-yadani waxay caawiyaan yaraynta tamarta iyo hadda iyagoo ka soo kabanaya tamarta gadaasha EMF ee iska caabbinta gudaha ee diode. Diodes-dahab ah ayaa loo adeegsadaa mashiinada sida shabkada iska caabinta, leysarka, iyo daloodhka tunnel-ka.

Diodes xannibaad sare

Diodes barrier Super waa nooc ka mid ah diode loo isticmaali karo codsiyada tamarta sare. Diodes-yadani waxay leeyihiin danab hore u hooseeya oo soo noqnoqonaya oo sarreeya.

Diodes-ka barrier-ka ah waa nooc aad u kala duwan oo ka mid ah diode maadaama ay ku shaqayn karaan tiro badan oo soo noqnoqonaya iyo danab. Inta badan waxaa loo adeegsadaa wareegyada korantada ee nidaamyada qaybinta korantada, toosiyeyaasha, rogayaasha wadeyaasha iyo sahayda korontada.

Diode superbarrier wuxuu inta badan ka kooban yahay Silicon dioxide oo naxaas lagu daray. Diode-ka superbarrier wuxuu leeyahay dhawr ikhtiyaar oo naqshadeed, oo ay ku jiraan planar germanium superbarrier diode, isgoysyada superbarrier diode, iyo go'doominta diode superbarrier.

Peltier diode

Peltier diode waa semiconductor. Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu dhaliyo korantada si looga jawaabo tamarta kulaylka. Qalabkan ayaa weli ah mid cusub oo aan weli si buuxda loo fahmin, laakiin waxa ay u egtahay in ay faa'iido u leedahay in kuleylka u beddelo koronto. Tan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa kuleyliyaha biyaha ama xitaa baabuurta. Tani waxay u oggolaanaysaa isticmaalka kulaylka uu dhaliyo mishiinka gubashada gudaha, kaas oo inta badan tamar khasaariya. Waxa kale oo ay u ogolaanaysaa mishiinku in uu si hufan u shaqeeyo, maadaama aanu u baahnayn in uu soo saaro awood badan (sidaas oo la isticmaalayo shidaal yar), laakiin taa beddelkeeda Peltier diode wuxuu u beddelaa kulaylka qashinka tamarta.

crystal diode

Diodes-ka kristal waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa shaandhaynta koox cidhiidhi ah, oscillators ama amplifiers kontoroolka korantada. Diode crystal waxaa loo tixgeliyaa codsi gaar ah ee saamaynta piezoelectric. Habkani waxa uu caawiyaa in uu dhaliyo korantada iyo calaamadaha hadda jira iyaga oo isticmaalaya sifooyinkooda ku jira. Diodes crystal sidoo kale waxaa caadi ahaan lagu daraa wareegyada kale ee bixiya xoojinta ama hawlo kale oo khaas ah.

Avalanche Diode

Diode avalanche waa semiconductor ka soo saara baraf ka hal elektaroonig ah oo ka soo jeeda band conduction ilaa band valence. Waxa loo istcimaalayaa hagaajin ahaan wareegyada korantada DC-ga ee sareeyo, sida shucaaca infrared, iyo mishiinka sawir qaade ee shucaaca ultraviolet. Saamaynta avalanche waxay kordhisaa hoos u dhaca danabka hore ee diode si ay u noqoto mid aad uga yar korantada burburka.

Dib-u-habeeya Silikoonka oo La Xakameeyo

Rectifier Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) waa thyristor saddex-terminal ah. Waxaa loo qaabeeyey inay u dhaqanto sida beddelka foornooyinka microwave-ka si loo xakameeyo awoodda. Waxaa kicin kara hadda ama koronto, ama labadaba, iyadoo ku xiran meesha wax soo saarka albaabka. Marka pin-ka gate-ku uu taban yahay, waxa ay u ogolaataa in hadda uu ku dhex socdo SCR-ga, marka uu togan yahayna waxa uu xannibaa qulqulka qulqulka SCR-ga. Meesha biinka albaabka ku yaal ayaa go'aamineysa in hadda uu gudbayo ama la xannibay marka uu meesha yaallo.

Faakiyuum diodes

Diodes Vacuum waa nooc kale oo diode ah, laakiin si ka duwan noocyada kale, waxaa loo isticmaalaa tuubooyinka faakuumka si loo xakameeyo hadda. Diode-yada Vacuum waxay u oggolaanayaan hadda inuu ku socdo koronto joogto ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin shabag koontarool oo beddela danabkaas. Iyada oo ku xidhan danab ku jira shabagga kontoroolka, diode-ka faakuumku ama wuu oggol yahay ama joojinayaa hadda. Diode-yada Vacuum-ka waxaa loo adeegsadaa cod-weyneyaal ahaan iyo oscillators-ka-qaadayaasha raadiyaha iyo gudbiyaasha. Waxay sidoo kale u adeegaan sidii dib-u-habeeyayaal u beddela AC una beddela DC si loogu isticmaalo aaladaha korantada.

PIN koodka

Diodes-ka PIN waa nooc ka mid ah isku xidhka pn Guud ahaan, PIN-yadu waa semiconductor-ka muujiya iska caabin hoose marka danab lagu isticmaalo. Iska caabbintan hoose waxay kordhin doontaa marka korantada codsatay ay korodho. Koodhadhka PIN-ka waxay leeyihiin danab xad-dhaaf ah ka hor intaanay noqon kuwa shaqayn Sidaa darteed, haddii aan la isticmaalin danab taban, diode ma gudbi doono hadda ilaa uu ka gaaro qiimahan. Qadarka hadda socda ee birta wuxuu ku xirnaan doonaa faraqa ama korontada u dhexeeya labada terminal, mana jiri doono wax ka daadanaya hal terminal ilaa kan kale.

Goobta Xiriirka Diode

Diode-dhibceedku waa qalab hal-jid ah oo awood u leh inuu hagaajiyo signalka RF. Point-Contact waxa kale oo loo yaqaan transistor-ka aan is-goysyada ahayn. Waxay ka kooban tahay laba fiilood oo ku xiran walxaha semiconductor. Marka ay fiilooyinkani taabtaan, waxaa la abuurayaa "dhibic qanjaruufo" halkaasoo elektaroonnada ay ka gudbi karaan. Diode noocaan ah waxaa si gaar ah loogu isticmaalaa raadiyaha AM iyo aaladaha kale si ay u ogaadaan calaamadaha RF.

Diode Hanna

Diode-ka Gunn waa diode ka kooban laba isgoysyada pn-ka-soo horjeeda oo leh dhererka xannibaadda asymmetrical. Tani waxay keenaysaa cadaadis xooggan oo ku saabsan socodka elektarooniga ee jihada hore, halka hadda uu weli u socdo jihada dambe.

Aaladahan waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa sida matoorada microwave-ka. Waxa ikhtiraacay 1959kii JB Gann iyo A.S. Newell oo ka tirsan Xafiiska Boostada Boqortooyada ee UK, kaas oo magacu ka yimi: "Gann" waa soo gaabinta magacyadooda, iyo "diode" sababtoo ah waxay ka shaqaynayeen qalabka gaaska (Newell hore ayuu uga shaqeeyay. ee Edison Institute of Communications). Bell Laboratories, halkaas oo uu ka shaqeeyay qalabka semiconductor).

Codsigii ugu horreeyay ee baaxadda weyn ee Gunn diodes wuxuu ahaa jiilkii ugu horreeyay ee qalabka raadiyaha UHF millatariga Ingiriiska, kaasoo la adeegsaday agagaarka 1965. Idaacadaha AM ee militariga ayaa sidoo kale si aad ah u isticmaalay gunn diodes.

Dabeecadda Gunn diode waa in hadda uu yahay 10-20% oo keliya kan diode-ka caadiga ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, hoos u dhaca danabku wuxuu ku saabsan yahay 25 jeer ka yar diode caadiga ah, sida caadiga ah 0 mV heerkulka qolka ee XNUMX.

Casharrada Fiidiyowga

Waa maxay diode - Tababarka Elektarooniga ah ee Bilowga ah

gunaanad

Waxaan rajeyneynaa inaad baratay waxa uu yahay diode. Haddii aad xiisaynayso inaad wax badan ka barato sida qaybtan cajiibka ah u shaqeyso, ka eeg maqaalladayada bogga diodes-ka. Waxaan ku kalsoonahay in aad isticmaali doonto wax kasta oo aad baratay markan sidoo kale.