Matoorada BMW M20
Tusmo
Taxanaha matoorka BMW M20 waa xariiqda lix-dhululubo oo hal-camshaft tareen batrool ah. Wax-soo-saarka ugu horreeya ee taxanaha wuxuu bilaabmay 1977-kii, moodelkii ugu dambeeyayna wuxuu ka baxay khadka shirarka 1993-kii. Moodooyinka ugu horreeya ee matoorada taxanahan loo adeegsaday waxay ahaayeen E12 520/6 iyo E21 320/6. Mugga shaqadooda ugu yar waa 2.0 litir, halka nooca ugu weyn iyo midka ugu dambeeya uu lahaa 2.7 litir. Ka dib, M20 noqday aasaas u ah abuurista engine naaftada M21.
Laga soo bilaabo 1970-meeyadii, baahida macaamiisha oo kordhay awgeed, BMW waxay u baahday matooro cusub oo loogu talagalay taxanaha 3 iyo 5, kaas oo ka yarayn doona taxanihii hore ee M30, si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyada oo la ilaalinayo qaabeynta gudaha lix-dhululubo. Natiijadu waxay ahayd 2-litir M20, oo weli ah xariiqda-lixda ugu yar ee BMW. Iyada oo mugga laga soo bilaabo 1991 mitir cubic. eeg ilaa 2693 cc eeg matooradan waxaa loo adeegsaday moodooyinka E12, E28, E34 5 series, E21 iyo E30 3 series.
Tilmaamaha gaarka ah ee M20 ee M30 waa:
- Suunka waqtiga halkii silsiladda;
- Dhexroor dhululubo 91 mm halkii 100 mm;
- Xagalka u janjeera waa 20 darajo halkii uu ka ahaan lahaa 30, sida M30.
Sidoo kale, M20 waxa ay leedahay bir silinder block ah, madaxa block aluminium, hal camshaft oo leh laba valves per cylinder.
M20V20
Kani waa noocii ugu horeeyay ee taxanahan waxaana loo adeegsaday laba baabuur: E12 520/6 iyo E21 320/6. Dhexroorka dhululubada waa 80 mm iyo istaroogga piston waa 66 mm. Markii hore, carburetor Solex 4A1 oo leh afar qol ayaa la isticmaalay si loo sameeyo isku dhafka oo lagu quudiyo dhululubo. Nidaamkan, saamiga isku-buufinta ee 9.2: 1 ayaa lagu gaadhay xawaaraha ugu sarreeyana wuxuu ahaa 6400 rpm. 320-kii mashiin ee ugu horreeyay waxay qaboojiyaan u isticmaaleen marawaxadaha korantada, laakiin laga soo bilaabo 1979 waxay bilaabeen inay isticmaalaan marawaxad leh isku xidhka kulaylka.
Sanadkii 1981, M20V20 waxaa lagu duray cirbad, isagoo helay nidaamka Bosh K-Jetronic. Laga soo bilaabo 1981-kii, ilko wareegsan ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalay suunka camshaft si loo baabi'iyo qaylada marka matoorku socdo. Isku-darka mishiinka cirbadaha ayaa kordhay 9.9: 1, qiimaha xawaaraha ugu sarreeya ee wareegga wuxuu hoos u dhacay 6200 rpm oo leh nidaamka LE-Jetronic. Qaabka E30, matoorku waxa uu soo maray casriyeyn xagga beddelka madaxa dhululubada, baloog khafiif ah iyo noocyo cusub oo loo habeeyey nidaamka LE-Jetronic (M20B20LE). Sanadkii 1987, markii labaad iyo markii ugu dambeysay, qalab cusub oo shidaal iyo qalab la isku duro, Bosh Motronic, ayaa lagu rakibay M20V20, kaas oo cadaadisku yahay 8.8: 1.
Awoodda matoorku waxay u dhaxaysaa 121 ilaa 127 hp. Xawaaraha 5800 ilaa 6000 rpm, wareeggu wuu kala duwan yahay 160 ilaa 174 N * m.
loo isticmaalo moodooyinka
- 1976–1981 E12 520/6 (карбюратор)
- 1977–1982 E21 320/6 (карбюратор)
- 1981-1982 E28 520i
- 1982-1984 E28 520i
- 1982-1984 E30 320i
- 1984-1987 E28 520i
- 1984-1987 E30 320i
- 1986-1987 E28 520i
- 1987-1992 E30 320i
- 1988-1990 E34 520i
M20B20kat waa nooc la hagaajiyay oo M20B20 ah oo loo sameeyay Taxanaha BMW 5 wuxuuna leeyahay astaamo dhowr ah. Waxa ugu horreeya ee asal ahaan ka duwan waa joogitaanka nidaamka Bosh Motronic iyo beddelaha kicinta ee wakhtigaas cusub, kaas oo yareynaya sunta qiiqa uu soo saaro mishiinka.
M20B23
Lix bilood ka dib markii la bilaabay wax soo saarka ee M20V20 ugu horeysay ee 1977, wax soo saarka ee irbado (ported duritaanka) bilaabay M20V23. Wax soo saarkeeda, isla madax isku mid ah ayaa loo isticmaalay sida carburetor M20V20, laakiin la dheereeyey 76.8 mm. Dhexroorka dhululubada weli waa 80 mm. Nidaamka cirbadeynta ee la qaybiyey, oo markii hore lagu rakibay mishiinka, waa K-Jetronic. Ka dib, waxaa lagu bedelay nidaamyada cusub ee L-Jetronic iyo LE-Jetronic. Mugga shaqada ee mishiinka waa 2.3 litir, taas oo wax yar ka badan kii hore, si kastaba ha ahaatee, kororka awoodda horeba waa la ogaan karaa: 137-147 hp. 5300 rpm. M20B23 iyo M20B20 waa wakiilada ugu dambeeya ee taxanaha, oo la soo saaray ka hor 1987 nidaamka Jetronic.
loo isticmaalo moodooyinka
- 1977-1982 E21323i
- 1982-1984 E30323i
- 1984-1987 E30323i
M20B25
Matoorkani wuxuu bedelay labadii hore, oo lagu soo saaray kaliya nidaamka duritaan ee Bosh Motronic oo noocyo kala duwan ah. Barakac 2494 cu. cm wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa inaad horumariso 174 hp. (oo aan lahayn beddele) 6500 rpm, taas oo si weyn uga gudubtay waxqabadka wakiilada yaryar ee taxanaha. Dhexroorka dhululubada ayaa koray ilaa 84 mm, iyo garaaca piston ilaa 75 mm. Cadaadisku wuxuu ku hadhay heer la mid ah - 9.7: 1. Sidoo kale noocyada la cusboonaysiiyay, nidaamyada Motronic 1.3 ayaa soo muuqday, taas oo hoos u dhigtay waxqabadka mashiinka. Intaa waxaa dheer, beddelaha catalytic wuxuu hoos u dhigay awoodda 169 hp, si kastaba ha ahaatee, laguma rakibin dhammaan baabuurta.
loo isticmaalo moodooyinka
- 1985-1993 E30325i
- 1989-1990 E34525i
- 1988-1991 Z1
M20V27 waa mishiinka ugu weyn uguna awooda badan BMW M20. Waxaa loo qaabeeyey in ay noqoto mid wax ku ool ah oo xoog badan marka la eego revs hoose, taas oo aan ahayn shayga caadiga ah ee BMW inline-sixes oo ku orda ugu badnaan 6000 rpm. Si ka duwan M20B25, istaroogga piston wuxuu koray ilaa 81 mm, dhexroorka dhululubada ilaa 84 mm. Madaxa xannibaadda ayaa xoogaa ka duwan B25, camshaft sidoo kale waa ka duwan yahay, laakiin valves-yada ayaa isku mid ah.
Ilaha Valve waa jilicsan yihiin, oo nuugaya tamar dheeraad ah, taas oo kordhisay waxtarka. Sidoo kale mishiinkan, qalab cusub oo la qaadan karo oo leh kanaalo dheer ayaa loo isticmaalaa, ceejinta ayaa la mid ah inta kale ee M20. Waad ku mahadsan tahay isbeddeladan, xadka sare ee xawaaraha injiinka ayaa la dhimay ilaa 4800 rpm. Culayska ku jira mishiinadan ayaa ku xidhnaa suuqa la geeyey: baabuurta culayskeedu yahay 11:1 waxa ay ku wateen Maraykanka, 9.0:1 waxa lagu iibin jiray Yurub.
loo isticmaalo moodooyinka
- 1982-1987 E30325e, 325e
- 1982-1988 E28525e
Awoodda ay soo saartay qaabkani kama badna inta soo hartay - 121-127 hp, laakiin qulqulka leh margin of 14 N * m ka ugu sarreeya (M20B25) waa 240 N * m at 3250 rpm.
Adeeg
Matooradan taxanaha ah, qiyaastii shuruudaha hawlgalka iyo saliidaha la isticmaalo. Way fiicantahay in la isticmaalo SAE semi-synthetics oo leh viscosity 10w-40, 5w-40, 0w-40. Xaaladaha qaarkood, waxaa lagula talinayaa in lagu buuxiyo synthetics hal wareeg oo beddel ah. Soo-saareyaasha saliidda waxay mudan yihiin inay fiiro gaar ah u yeeshaan: Liqui Molly, Care, hubi 10 kiiloomitir kasta, beddelka alaabooyinka - waxay la mid tahay qof kasta oo kale. Laakiin waxaa habboon in la xasuusto hal sifo oo ka mid ah BMW-ga guud ahaan - waxaad u baahan tahay inaad si taxadar leh ula socoto heerka dareeraha, maadaama gaskets inta badan noqdaan kuwo aan la isticmaali karin oo ay bilaabaan inay daadiyaan. Si kastaba ha noqotee, tani maahan dib-u-dhac halis ah, maadaama lagu xalliyo iibsashada qaybaha alaabta wanaagsan.
Marka la eego meesha uu ku yaal nambarka mishiinka - maadaama xannibaadku uu yahay naqshad isku mid ah - nambarka dhammaan moodooyinka taxanaha waxay ku yaalaan korka boodhka, qaybta sare ee xannibaadda.
Matoorada M20 iyo astaamahooda
| Mashiinka | HP/r/min | N*m/r/min | Sanado wax soo saar |
|---|---|---|---|
| M20B20 | 120/6000 | 160/4000 | 1976-1982 |
| 125/5800 | 170/4000 | 1981-1982 | |
| 122/5800 | 170/4000 | 1982-1984 | |
| 125/6000 | 174/4000 | 1984-1987 | |
| 125/6000 | 190/4500 | 1986-1992 | |
| M20B23 | 140/5300 | 190/4500 | 1977-1982 |
| 135/5300 | 205/4000 | 1982-1984 | |
| 146/6000 | 205/4000 | 1984-1987 | |
| M20B25 | 172/5800 | 226/4000 | 1985-1987 |
| 167/5800 | 222/4300 | 1987-1991 | |
| M20B27 | 121/4250 | 240/3250 | 1982-1987 |
| 125/4250 | 240/3250 | 1987-1992 |
Toosinta iyo isdhaafsiga
Mawduuca ku saabsan hagaajinta BMW si fiican ayaa loo soo bandhigay, laakiin marka hore waxaa habboon in la fahmo in baabuur gaar ah uu u baahan yahay iyo in kale. Waxa ugu fudud ee sida caadiga ah lagu sameeyo taxanaha M20 waa rakibida marawaxadaha iyo hagaajinta chip-ka, ka saara kicinta, haddii ay jirto. Kor u qaadisyadani waxay kuu oggolaanayaan inaad hesho ilaa 200 hp. laga bilaabo matoor cusub iyo mid yar oo kale - ku dhawaad kala duwanaansho Yurub ah oo ku saabsan mawduuca matoorada yaryar ee xoogga badan, kaas oo lagu dhaqmo oo lagu dhaqmo Japan ilaa maantadan la joogo.
Badanaa, milkiilayaasha baabuurta sanadaha hore ee wax soo saarka ayaa ka fikiraya beddelka mashiinka, sababtoo ah kheyraadka 20 ama ka badan ayaa ah mid cajiib ah. Matoorada casriga ah ee BMW-ka cusub iyo Toyota ayaa halkan u soo gurmaday, iyaga oo ugu horrayn soo jiidanaya fidintooda iyo isku halaynta. Sidoo kale, sifooyinka awoodda matoorada badan oo casri ah ilaa 3 litir ayaa u oggolaanaya in la isticmaalo iyada oo aan la bedelin sanduuqa gearbox. Haddii la rakibo mishiinka gubashada gudaha oo aad uga sarreeya sifooyinkii asalka ahaa, isbaarada waa in sidoo kale loo dejiyaa si waafaqsan.
Sidoo kale, haddii aad leedahay BMW aad u da' weyn oo ka timid M20 ka hor 1986, waxaad u cusboonaysiin kartaa nidaamkeeda mid ka sii casrisan oo aad heli karto dhaqdhaqaaq wanaagsan. Qaar ka mid ah nidaamyada rakibaadda oo ku salaysan xaalado gaar ah oo hawlgal ah, ama waxay rabaan inay gaaraan jiidasho ka wanaagsan "hoose".
