Volcano kiimikaad

Mid ka mid ah fal-celinta kiimikaad ee ugu yaabka badan waa habka kala-goynta ammonium dichromate (VI) (NH4) 2Cr2O7, oo loo yaqaan "volcano kiimikaad". Inta lagu jiro falcelinta, xaddi badan oo walax dalool ah ayaa la sii daayaa, taas oo ku habboon in ay ku dayato lava-ka foolkaanaha. Maalmihii hore ee shaleemada, burburka (NH4)2Cr2O7 ayaa xitaa loo isticmaalay sidii "saameyn gaar ah"! Tijaabayaasha doonaya inay tijaabiyaan tijaabada waxaa la waydiiyaa inaysan ku samayn guriga (sabato ah sii daynta boodhka duulaya ee wasakhayn kara aqalka).

Si aad tijaabada u samayso, waxaad u baahan doontaa weel kale oo kulaylka u adkaysta oo ay ka buuxaan ammonium (VI) dichromate (NH)₄)₂Cr₂O₇ (sawirka 1). Ku rid weelka dushiisa taallo ciid ah oo u ekaysiinaya koofiyadda foolkaanaha (Sawirka 2) oo ku iftiimi budada liimiga ah tabar (Sawirka 3). Muddo ka dib, nidaam degdeg ah oo burburka xarunta ayaa bilaabmaya, taasoo horseedaysa in la sii daayo xaddi badan oo gaas ah, taas oo kala firdhisa chromium oxide (III) Cr.₂O₃ (Sawirada 4, 5 iyo 6). Kadib dhamaadka falcelinta, wax kasta oo ku xeeran waxaa lagu daboolaa boodh cagaaran oo madow (sawirka 7).

Dareen-celinta kala-goynta socota ee ammonium dichromate (VI) waxa qori kara isla'egta:

Isbeddelku waa falcelinta redox (waxa loogu yeero falcelinta redox), inta lagu guda jiro xaaladda oksaydhka ee atamka la doortay ayaa isbeddelaya. Dareen-celintan, wakiilka oksidaynta (walax hesha elektaroonigga oo yaraysa xaaladdeeda oksaydhismka) waa chromium (VI):

Wakiilka yareeya (walaxda ku deeqaysa elektarooniga, sidaas darteed, waxay kordhisaa heerka oksaydhka) waa nitrogen ka kooban ammonium ion (waxaan ku xisaabtameynaa laba atom oo nitrogen ah oo ay ugu wacan tahay N₂):

Maadaama tirada elektarooniga ah ee uu ku deeqay wakiilka yaraynta waa in ay la mid noqdaan tirada elektarooniga ah ee uu aqbalay wakiilka oksaydhaynta, waxaanu ku dhufanaynaa isla'egta koowaad 2 labada dhinacba waxaanan dheelitirnaa tirada hadhay ee ogsijiinta iyo atamka hydrogen.