Irkut ayaa caqabad ku ah kooxda weyn. MS-21 ayaa lagu muujiyey Irkutsk
Ra'iisul wasaaraha Ruushka Dmitry Medvedev ayaa daah-furay diyaarad nooceedu yahay MC-21-300, taasoo ah diyaaraddii ugu horreysay ee rakaab ah oo Ruushku yeelato muddo rubuc qarni ah, taasoo ay Ruushku doonayaan inay kula tartamaan diyaaradaha ugu caansan caalamka ee Airbus A320 iyo Boeing 737. Pyotr Butovsky.
Juun 8, 2016, Irkutsk fog oo ku taal Lake Baikal, oo ku taal hangar ee warshadda IAZ (Irkutsk Aviation Plant), diyaarad cusub oo isgaarsiineed MS-21-300 ayaa markii ugu horreysay la soo bandhigay, taas oo shirkadda Irkut ay caqabad ku tahay Airbus A320 iyo Boeing 737 MS-21-300 - nooca aasaasiga ah, nooca 163-kursi ee diyaaradda mustaqbalka ee qoyska MS-21. Diyaaradan ayaa lagu wadaa in ay duusho duulimaadkeedii ugu horeeyay horaanta sanadka soo socda.
Xafladda ayaa waxaa ka soo qeyb galay Ra’iisul Wasaaraha Xukuumadda Ruushka Dmitry Medvedev, isagoo ku nuux-nuux saday rajada laga qabo in dowladda Ruushka ay soo saarto diyaaradan. MS-21 waa mid ka mid ah diyaaradaha ugu casrisan adduunka, diyaarad rakaab ah qarnigii 21aad. Waxaan aad ugu hanweynahay in dalkeena laga abuuray. Medvedev ayaa si gooni ah wax uga qabtay alaab-qeybiyeyaasha ajnabiga ah ee ku lug leh mashruuca MS-XNUMX. Aad bay muhiim noogu tahay, in marka lagu daro shirkadaha diyaaradaha ugu fiican, shirkado badan oo ajnabi ah ayaa ka qaybqaatay mashruuca. Waxaan halkan ka salaamaynaa ganacsatada ka hawlgasha dalka ruushka, ee iyaguna maanta hoolkan ku sugan, ee sida wadajirka ah u wada horumarka balaadhan ee dalkeena.
MS-21 waa in ay noqotaa wax soo saar horumarsan. Ruushku waxay fahamsan yihiin in lagu daro mashruuc kale oo la mid ah oo ku xiga Airbus 320 iyo Boeing 737 (iyo sidoo kale Shiinaha cusub ee C919) aysan u taagnaan doonin fursad guul. Si uu MC-21 u noqdo mid guulaysta, waa in uu si muuqata uga fiicnaadaa tartanka. Hamiga weyn ayaa durbaba ka muuqda magaca diyaaradda: MS-21 waa diyaaradda ugu weyn ee Ruushka ee qarnigii 21aad. Runtii, erayga Cyrillic MS waa in loo tarjumaa MS, sidaas ayaana loogu yeeri jiray daabacaadyadii ugu horreeyay ee ajnabiga ah, laakiin Irkut ayaa si degdeg ah wax u hagaajiyay waxayna go'aamiyeen in mashruucooda caalamiga ah loo magacaabo MS-21.
Hadafka ayaa si cad loo dejiyay: kharashka tooska ah ee hawlgalka diyaaradda MC-21 waa inuu ahaadaa 12-15% ka hooseeya kuwa ugu fiican diyaaradaha casriga ah ee fasalkan (Airbus A320 waxaa loo qaatay tusaale ahaan), halka isticmaalka shidaalka uu yahay 24%. hoose. Marka la barbar dhigo A320neo-ka la cusboonaysiiyay, MC-1000 waxa la filayaa in uu isticmaalo 1852% shidaal ka yar jidka caadiga ah ee 21 mayl-badeed (8 km), iyada oo 5% uu hooseeyo kharashyada hawlgalka tooska ah. Run ahaantii, ku dhawaaqida Irkut, kharashyada hawlgalku waa 12-15% ka hooseeya, maadaama saliidda ay laba jeer ka qaalisan tahay kan hadda, taas oo kor u qaadaysa shakiga qaarkood. Qiimaha shidaalka ee hadda hooseeya, farqiga u dhexeeya kharashyada hawlgalka ee u dhexeeya dayuuradaha hadda iyo jiilka soo socda waa in la yaraado.
Intii lagu guda jiray soo bandhigida diyaaradda MS-21, madaxweynaha shirkadda United Aviation Corporation (UAC), Yuri Slyusar, ayaa shir jaraa'id ku sheegay in tartanka Airbus iyo Boeing uusan noqon doonin mid fudud, laakiin waxaan aaminsanahay in diyaaradaheena ay tahay kuwa ugu farsamada badan. tartanka fasalka dhexdiisa. fasalka. Isla markiiba xafladda ka dib, shirkadda diyaaradaha ee Asarbayjaan ee AZAL waxay heshiis la saxeexatay shirkadda IFC ee kiraynta kiraynta 10 diyaaradood oo MS-21 ah oo ka mid ah 50 diyaaradood oo ay IFC hore uga dalbatay Irkut.
Garab isku dhafan oo dheer
Xalka ugu muhiimsan ee lagu yareynayo isticmaalka shidaalka waa aerodynamics adag ee garabka saamiga sare ee 11,5 cusub oo sidaas darteed hufnaanta hawada sare. Xawaaraha Ma = 0,78, hufnaantiisa aerodynamic waa 5,1% ka fiican kan A320, iyo 6,0% ka fiican yahay 737NG; Xawaaraha Ma = 0,8, faraqa ayaa xitaa ka weyn, 6% iyo 7%, siday u kala horreeyaan. Suurtagal maaha in la sameeyo garabkan oo kale iyadoo la adeegsanayo tignoolajiyada birta ee qadiimiga ah (si sax ah, waxay noqon doontaa mid aad u culus), markaa waa inay noqotaa mid isku dhafan. Qalabka isku dhafan, oo ka kooban 35-37% miisaanka hawada MS-21, ayaa ka fudud, Irkut wuxuu sheeganayaa in iyaga ay ku mahadsan yihiin, miisaanka madhan ee diyaaradda rakaabkiiba waa 5% ka hooseeya kan A320. iyo in ka badan 8% ka hooseeya. marka loo eego A320neo (laakiin sidoo kale ku saabsan 2% in ka badan 737).
Dhowr sano ka hor, markii barnaamijka MS-21 uu bilaabay, Oleg Demchenko, oo ah madaxa shirkadda Irkut, ayaa sheegay in MS-21 ay soo wajahday laba caqabadood oo tiknoolajiyadeed oo waaweyn: qalab isku dhafan iyo mashiinka. Waxaan dib ugu noqon doonaa mishiinka; oo hadda ku saabsan isku-dhafka. Alaabta isku dhafan ee qaybaha yar yar ee diyaaradaha - carwooyinka, daboolka, rudders - ma ahayn wax cusub dhowr iyo toban sano. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaab-dhismeedka awoodda isku dhafan waa wax ugub ah sannadihii dhawaa. Horumarka ayaa la yimid Boeing 787 Dreamliner, taas oo gebi ahaanba ka samaysan walxo isku dhafan, oo ay ku xigto Airbus 350. Bombardier CSeries yar ayaa leh kaliya baal isku dhafan, sida MC-21.
