Sida loo doorto saliid fargeeto ah

Saliidaha fargeetada waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu ilaaliyo waxqabadka fargeetada mootada hore iyo kuwa shoogga ah. Qaar ka mid ah darawallada ayaa xitaa aaminsan in ay habboon tahay in lagu shubo lacagahaas oo kale qalabka shoogga baabuurta. Aynu aragno calaamadaha iyo astaamaha kooxdan saliidda ah.

Xaaladaha shaqada ee fargeetada shoogga mootada

Fargeeto hore waa laba qaybood oo dhaadheer oo tuubo ah oo taageera taayirrada hore ee mootada. Qaybahani waxay u dhaqaaqaan kor iyo hoos si ay u magdhabaan meelaha aan sinnayn ee wadooyinka.

Si ka duwan sida shoogga baabuurka, golaha guga ayaa u oggolaanaya lugta fargeetada inay isku ururiso ka dibna dib u soo celiso, taas oo hagaajinaysa raacitaanka iyo jiidista. Tubbo kasta oo hore ee fargeetada ee mootooyinka intooda badan waxay ka kooban tahay il iyo saliid. Bartamihii qarnigii hore, lugaha fargeetada waxay ahaayeen kaliya il gudaha tuubada ah. Marka gu'gu ka soo baxo saamaynta, dhamaadka hore ee mootada ayaa soo booda.

Ka dib horumarinta nidaamka qoyaanka, habka dhaqdhaqaaqa dib u soo celinta ayaa noqday mid aad u fudud. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si loo yareeyo shoogga, waa in uu jiro dareere aan la koobi karin oo ku jira nidaamka kaas oo si fiican u nuugi kara culeyska shoogga: saliid fargeeto ah. Naqshadaynta ugu caansan waxay leedahay tuubo ku dhex jirta strut kasta oo shoogga nuugaya oo leh godad iyo qolal xakameynaya dhaqdhaqaaqa saliidda.

Hawlaha iyo Tilmaamaha

Inkasta oo noocyada kala duwan ee alaabooyinka la soo bandhigay, waxaa jira khaladaad badan iyo khaladaadyo badan oo ujeeddadeeda iyo xuduudaha. Haddaba, shuruudaha waxqabadka saliidda fargeetada waxaa ka mid ah:

1. Waxay dammaanad qaadaysaa qoynta fargeetada ugu fiican iyo xasilloonida heerkul ballaadhan.
2. Madax-bannaanida sifooyinka saliidda ee naqshadeynta fargeetada.
3. Ka hortagga samaynta xumbo.
4. Ka saarida saamaynta daxalka ah ee qaybaha birta ee shoogga nuugista iyo fargeetada.
5. Dareen-la'aanta kiimikada ee ka kooban.

Dhammaan noocyada saliidaha fargeetada mootada waa dareeraha hydraulic, sidaas darteed, waxay kuxirantahay tayada, xitaa qaar ka mid ah saliidaha warshadaha guud ee ujeedada sida waafaqsan GOST 20799-88 oo leh viscosity ku habboon ayaa loo isticmaali karaa. Fadlan ogow in marka mawduuca saliidda uu kordho, fargeetada ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah ugu soo laaban doonta booskeedii hore. Dhanka kale, marka uu viscosity-ku kordho, shaqada saliidda ayaa kor u kacda, gaar ahaan marka lagu kaxeynayo waddooyinka qallafsan, ee mootooyinka.

Sidee loo doortaa saliidda fargeetada?

Marka hore, sababtoo ah viscosity. Sidaad ogtahay, viscosity kinematic waxaa lagu qiyaasaa centistokes (cSt) waxayna u taagan tahay heerka dareeraha qulqulka ee tuubada shuruudaysan ee qayb gaar ah. Ficil ahaan, cabbirka inta badan la isticmaalo waa mm2/s.

Saliida fargeetada waxay hoos timaadaa heerarka Bulshada Maraykanka ee Injineerinka Gawaarida (SAE), kuwaas oo la xidhiidha qiyamka viscosity heerkulka la siiyay (sida caadiga ah 40 ° C) cufnaanta alaabta iyo miisaanka. Miisaanka Ingiriisida; Laga soo bilaabo xarafka bilowga ah ee ereygan, calaamadaha noocyada saliidda fargeetada ayaa la sameeyay. Marka, marka la tixgelinayo saliidaha for fargeeto mootada ee noocyada 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, iwm, waa in la xasuusto in, tusaale ahaan.

Baaxadda saliidda fargeetada waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa halbeegga warshadaha ee loo isticmaalo nidaamyada hawo-biyoodka ee loo yaqaan Saybolt Seconds Universal (SSU). Nasiib darro, badheedhka ah ee soo saarayaasha waaweyn waxay inta badan keentaa jahawareer ku saabsan calaamadaha saliidda fargeetada. Xiriirinta soo socota ee cabirrada viscosity ayaa si tijaabo ah loo aasaasay:

Aqoonta	Qiimaha viscosity ee dhabta ah, mm2/s at 40 °C, marka loo eego ASTM D 445 ee alaabada summadaysan
Naxdin dhagax	molybdenum dareere ah	Motul	Saliida fargeetada tartanka Motorex
5 W	16.1	17.2	18	15.2
10 W	33	29,6	36	32
15 W	43,8	43,9	57	46
20 W	-	-	77,9	68

Maxaa bedeli kara saliidda fargeetada?

Miisaanka viscosity oo aad xasaasi u ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu qiyaaso saliidda, markaa ficil ahaan waxaad heli kartaa 7,5W ama 8W "laftaada" adoo isku daraya saliidaha warshadaha ee caadiga ah ee loo baahan yahay.

Waxqabadka sheyga ee xaaladaha hawlgalka gaarka ah, maaha qiimaha viscosity laftiisa mid muhiim ah, laakiin waxa loogu yeero index viscosity. Caadi ahaan waxa lagu muujiyaa Saybolt Seconds Universal Scale (SSU) oo ah 100°C. Aynu nidhaahno nambarada ku jira weelka waxay akhriyeen 85/150. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in qiimaha SSU ee saliidda ee 100 ° C uu yahay 85. Viscosity saliidda ayaa markaa lagu cabbiraa 40 ° C. Lambarka labaad, 150, waa qiime tilmaamaya faraqa u dhexeeya heerka socodka labada heerkul, kaas oo go'aaminaya tusmada viscosity ee la sheegay.

Maxay tani ka qabtaa fargeetooyinka mootada? Khilaafaadka ay abuureen simbiriirixashada qaybaha birta iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa gadaal iyo gadaal ee saliidda ayaa kordhiya heerkulka gudaha golaha. Mar kasta oo miisaanka saliidda uu sii joogo, ayay u badan tahay in qoyaanka fargeetada uu isbeddelo.

Sidaa darteed, waa suurtogal in lagu beddelo saliidda fargeetada saliidda warshadaha iyadoo la isku darayo darajooyinkeeda iyadoo la raacayo shuruudaha shaqada ee mootadaada.

Boos qabsi gaar ah, mabda'an waxaa loo isticmaali karaa baabuurta kale (marka laga reebo mootooyinka tartanka).