Kaameradaha Xawaaraha Badan ee ugu Faa'iidada Badan Australia

Kamaradaha xawaaraha waxay sameeyeen $ 1 bilyan saddex sano gudahood Victoria oo keliya. (Sawirka: James Marsden)

Sharcigu waxa la og yahay in uu yahay dameer, laakiin marka laga hadlayo kamaradaha dheereeya, waa dameer qaabaysan oo ka duwan - in kasta oo weli uu urayo - iyada oo ku xidhan gobolka aad ku nooshahay.

Gobolka New South Wales, tusaale ahaan, mas'uuliyiintu waxay aaminsan yihiin in kamaradaha dheereeya loo isticmaalo in lagu yareeyo dadka meelaha khatarta ah. Wasiirka Waddooyinka Melinda Pavey ayaa sheegtay in dadku aysan jeclayn habka "khafiifka ah" ee kamaradaha qarinaya oo ay aad waxtar u leeyihiin haddii ay ku yaalaan oo si cad loogu calaamadiyo "dhibcaha madow" ee ku qasbaya dadka inay hoos u dhigaan.

Waagii hore, dawladaha NSW waxay soo jeediyeen kaliya in kamaradaha lagu rakibo meelaha la yaqaan ee khatarta sare leh, laakiin ka dib way sii socdeen oo ku rakibeen Tunnelka Lane Cove ka hor inta aan la furin, oo ka soo horjeeda caqligooda.

Waxyaabaha cajiibka ah ee ku saabsan qolalka tunnel-ka, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ayaa ah in kasta oo si cad loo calaamadeeyay oo ay aad u fududahay in laga fogaado, qalabka Lane Cove iyo Cross City Tunnel ayaa ka mid ah tobanka ilood ee ugu sarreeya gobolka.

Dadka ku nool New South Wales si cad uma raaxaysanayaan faa'iidooyinka la siiyay. Falanqaynta xogta dawladda New South Wales ee Guardian Australia waxay ogaatay in gobolku helay $223 milyan oo tigidh xawli ah, iyada oo inteeda badan laga keenay kamarado go'an oo aan ahayn amarada ilaalada waddooyinka. 

Nambarada waxaa lagu jebiyey koodhadhka boostada, kuwaas oo muujiyey in Sydney CBD, Silverwater ee galbeedka Sidin, Double Bay ee bari, iyo Ultimo iyo Auburn ee galbeedka ayaa ka mid ah shanta xaafadood ee ugu sarreeya ganaaxyada kamaradaha ugu xawaaraha badan.

Tobanka kamaradood ee ugu lacagta badan New South Wales waxay ahaayeen:

• Qaybiyaha bari, Northbound, Darlinghurst
• Ka gudub Tunnel-ka Magaalada Westbound East Sydney
• Botany Road Southbound Rosebury 
• Cleveland Street Eastbound Moore Park
• Lane Cove Tunnel Westbound Lane Cove
• Lane Cove Tunnel, dhanka bari
• Inland Way, Northbound, Ewingsdale
• Wadada weyn ee M5 ee dhanka galbeed ka xigta Arncliffe
• Woodville Road Southbound Chester Hill
• William Street, Westbound, Darlinghurst.

Xog cusub oo dhowaan la sii daayay 2017 ayaa muujisay in saddexda ugu sarreeya ee liiskan ay mar kale noqdeen kuwa ugu dakhliga badan, iyaga oo kasbaday $ 193.92 milyan dhexdooda.

Tobanka kamaradood ee ugu lacagta badan New South Wales waxay ahaayeen:

• Qaybiyaha bari, Northbound, Darlinghurst
• Ka gudub Tunnel-ka Magaalada Westbound East Sydney
• Botany Road Southbound Rosebury 
• Cleveland Street Eastbound Moore Park
• Lane Cove Tunnel Westbound Lane Cove
• Lane Cove Tunnel, dhanka bari
• Inland Way, Northbound, Ewingsdale
• Wadada weyn ee M5 ee dhanka galbeed ka xigta Arncliffe
• Woodville Road Southbound Chester Hill
• William Street, Westbound, Darlinghurst.

Xog cusub oo dhowaan la sii daayay 2017 ayaa muujisay in saddexda ugu sarreeya ee liiskan ay mar kale noqdeen kuwa ugu dakhliga badan, iyaga oo kasbaday $ 193.92 milyan dhexdooda.

Tirakoobka kaliya ee qeexaya habka fulinta sharciga ee Fiktooriya oo ay tahay in ay ka dhigto meel adag oo niyad jab leh in lagu noolaado waa in hal baabuurka hadda lagu ganaaxo xawaaraha gobolka 20-kii ilbiriqsi kasta.

Dadka deggan gobolka Victoria, oo loo yaqaanno Booliiska, ayaa loola dhaqmayaa si ka duwan, iyagoo sheegaya in aanay gabi ahaanba fahmin habka New South Wales, sida uu sheegay Guddoomiyaha Kamaradaha Taraafiga John Voyage.

 "Ma fahmin cilmi-nafsiga, sababtoo ah xadku waa sharciga, iyo isku dayga in lagu wareego kamaradaha xawaaraha waa sharciga jebinta," ayuu yidhi Mr. Voyage.

"Haddii dadku aysan garanayn halka ay kamaradu yaallo, waa inay u maleynayaan inay meel walba joogi karaan, ka dibna waa inay ku dhajiyaan xadka mar kasta.

" Way fiican tahay haddii dadku ay ku dhegaan xawaaraha sharciga ah, laakiin sabab qaar ka mid ah qof ayaa had iyo jeer ugu yeera kor u kaca dakhliga. Kaliya dadka kama farxin kartid."

Mr. Voyage, sida magaciisa ka muuqata, waa taageere weyn oo ah "kamerooyinka badbaadada waddooyinka", ma fahmin sababta ay dadku u maleynayaan in loogu talagalay in lagu kordhiyo dakhliga, wuxuuna sheegay inay caddeeyeen inay shaqeeyaan.

"Haddii aad eegto boggaga internetka ee kamaradaha ugu faa'iidada badan oo aad raacdo jaantuska heerka xad-gudubka, dhammaantood waxay leeyihiin qaab isku mid ah - waxay ku bilaabataa sare oo dhammaanaysaa, qaar ka dhaqso badan kuwa kale sababtoo ah dadku waxay si tartiib tartiib ah u bartaan," ayuu yidhi.

Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, Mr Voyage waxa uu sheegay in kan ugu weyn gobolka Victoria, uu soo saaray 12,862 ganaax muddo saddex bilood ah gudahood laga soo bilaabo Juulaay ilaa Sebtembar 2016, uu ahaa "duubista diiwaanka" sannado badan.

"Waxay ku taal Chadstone, wadada Warrigal, ee ku xigta khadka tareenka iyo TAFE, waa waddo wanaagsan, dadku waxay ka guurayaan aagga 70 ilaa 40 waxayna isku dayayaan intii karaankooda ah inay u hoggaansamaan," ayuu yidhi, isagoo carrabkiisa ku qaylinaya.

Haddaba, ma jirtaa kamarad aanay dadku garanayn oo ku taalla halka xadku hoos uga dhaco 70 ilaa 40 oo soo saarta ganaaxyo iyo dakhli ka badan kan nidaamka leh 26 kamaradood oo shan qaybood ah oo ku yaal Waddada Hume Highway? Uma muuqato dabin lagu kordhinayo dakhliga.

Sanadka 2017, Chadstone waxa ay mar labaad noqotay meesha ugu dakhliga badan ee kamaradaha xawaaraha, waxaa ku xiga Fitzroy Street iyo Lakeside Drive isgoysyada St Kilda, iyo Flinders Street iyo William Street ee Melbourne CBD. Saddexdan kamaradood oo keliya ayaa hal sano gudaheed sameeyay $363.15 milyan, taas oo wax yar ka dhaaftay dadaalka New South Wales.

Shaqooyinka kale ee caanka ku ah Fiktooriya waxaa ka mid ah lix kamaradood oo ku yaal Waddada Wareegta Galbeed, kamaradaha Eastlink ee buundada Wellington Road, iyo Princess Highway ee buundada Forsyth Road.

Waddada Weyn ee Koonfur-bari ee Adelaide waa isha dakhliga ugu weyn ee gobolka oo dhan, isagoo helay wax ka badan laba jibaar lacag ka badan intii ay dawladda gobolku filaysay/ rajaynaysay saddexdoodii sano ee ugu horreysay ee ay shaqaynayeen.

Ka dib markii laba kamaradood la shiday 2013, laba kamaradood ayaa lagu ganaaxay 18 milyan oo doolar, ilaa hadda, codsiyada lagu hagaajinayo calaamadaha xaddidaadda xawaaraha si dadka looga caawiyo inay ka fogaadaan kamaradaha ayaa ku dhacay dhego dhegaha.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, diiradda ugu weyn ee habka South Australia waa in la isticmaalo kamaradaha xawaaraha mobaylka si dadku waligood u ogaan marka laga yaabo in la ballansado.

Dakhliga kaamirooyinkan ayaa kordhay ku dhawaad ​​50% ilaa $26.2 milyan afartii sano ee la soo dhaafay, iyada oo ku dhawaad ​​1300 goobood ay shaqaynayeen intii u dhaxaysay 2014 iyo 15.

Ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan goobaha kamaradaha gacanta ee gobolka ee ugu faa'iidada badan (18 ka mid ah 20ka sare) ee 2015 waxay ku sugnaayeen aagagga la deggan yahay ee xawaarahoodu yahay 50 km/h ama ka yar.

Goobaha kamaradaha mobilada ee ugu sarreeya ee Koonfurta Australia (xogta 2015) waxay ahaayeen:

•         Waverley Ridge Road, Crafers West ($659,153 hal sano)
•         Waddada Weyn ee Koonfurta, Old Noarlung
•         Wadada Grange, Grange
•         Wadada Dashwood, Beaumont
•         Wadada Frost, Brahma Lodge
•         Waddada Battunga, Meadows
•         Waddada Angus, Hawthorn
•         South Terrace, Puraka
•         Chief Street, Brompton
•         Tolmer Road, Elizabeth Park.

Si kastaba ha noqotee, xogta ugu dambeysay ee 2017 waxay soo jeedinaysaa isbeddelka faa'iidada, iyada oo $ 174 milyan ay ka timid laba ka mid ah Koonfur-bari Freeway, mid ka mid ah Leawood Gardens iyo mid kale oo ku yaal Crafers, oo leh kamarad ku taal Waddada Montagu ee Ingle Farm ayaa soo gashay kaalinta saddexaad. .

Waddada Weyn ee Koonfur-bari ee Adelaide waa isha dakhliga ugu weyn ee gobolka oo dhan, isagoo helay wax ka badan laba jibaar lacag ka badan intii ay dawladda gobolku filaysay/ rajaynaysay saddexdoodii sano ee ugu horreysay ee ay shaqaynayeen.

Ka dib markii laba kamaradood la shiday 2013, laba kamaradood ayaa lagu ganaaxay 18 milyan oo doolar, ilaa hadda, codsiyada lagu hagaajinayo calaamadaha xaddidaadda xawaaraha si dadka looga caawiyo inay ka fogaadaan kamaradaha ayaa ku dhacay dhego dhegaha.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, diiradda ugu weyn ee habka South Australia waa in la isticmaalo kamaradaha xawaaraha mobaylka si dadku waligood u ogaan marka laga yaabo in la ballansado.

Dakhliga kaamirooyinkan ayaa kordhay ku dhawaad ​​50% ilaa $26.2 milyan afartii sano ee la soo dhaafay, iyada oo ku dhawaad ​​1300 goobood ay shaqaynayeen intii u dhaxaysay 2014 iyo 15.

Ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan goobaha kamaradaha gacanta ee gobolka ee ugu faa'iidada badan (18 ka mid ah 20ka sare) ee 2015 waxay ku sugnaayeen aagagga la deggan yahay ee xawaarahoodu yahay 50 km/h ama ka yar.

Goobaha kamaradaha mobilada ee ugu sarreeya ee Koonfurta Australia (xogta 2015) waxay ahaayeen:

•         Waverley Ridge Road, Crafers West ($659,153 hal sano)
•         Waddada Weyn ee Koonfurta, Old Noarlung
•         Wadada Grange, Grange
•         Wadada Dashwood, Beaumont
•         Wadada Frost, Brahma Lodge
•         Waddada Battunga, Meadows
•         Waddada Angus, Hawthorn
•         South Terrace, Puraka
•         Chief Street, Brompton
•         Tolmer Road, Elizabeth Park.

Si kastaba ha noqotee, xogta ugu dambeysay ee 2017 waxay soo jeedinaysaa isbeddelka faa'iidada, iyada oo $ 174 milyan ay ka timid laba ka mid ah Koonfur-bari Freeway, mid ka mid ah Leawood Gardens iyo mid kale oo ku yaal Crafers, oo leh kamarad ku taal Waddada Montagu ee Ingle Farm ayaa soo gashay kaalinta saddexaad. .

Xagga kamaradaha taagan, Queenslanders waxay u muuqdaan inay ku raaxaystaan ​​inay ku dhex maraan tunnel-ka ku dhawaad ​​​​sida kuwa lugeynaya ee New South Wales.

Sannadkii 2015, Brisbane's Legacy Way Tunnel wuxuu rakibay kamarada go'an ee ugu faa'iidada badan gobolka, iyadoo duubeysa ku dhawaad ​​100 qof maalintii sanadka ugu horeeya ee shaqada.

Waa kuwan 10 ka qof ee ugu mushaharka badan Queensland:

•         Legacy Way Tunnel, Brisbane (36,092 ganaax 2014 at 15-XNUMX)
•         Wadada Gold Coast Highway, Broadbeach
•         Waddada Baasifigga, Loganholme
•         Jidka Weyn, Kangaroo Point
•         Tunnel Clem7, Brisbane 
•         Tunnel Link Airport, Brisbane
•         Gold Coast Highway, Southport
•         Nathan Street, Eitkenveil
•         Waddada Baasifigga, Gaven
•         Bruce Highway, Berpengary

Saddexdan kamaradood ee ugu sarreeya ayaa weli liiska ugu sarreeya sannadkii 2017 iyo isku xiga, iyagoo labadooda ka helay $226 milyan.

Queensland waxay sidoo kale jeceshahay kamaradooda gacanta waxayna ku leedahay 3700 goobood oo la ansixiyey oo ku yaala gobolka oo dhan halkaasoo ay ku isticmaali karaan.

Waddada ugu xun ee gobolka waa Brisbane's Old Cleveland Road, kaas oo leh 19 kamaradood oo la ansixiyay oo dhererkiisu yahay 22-km.

Waddada caanka ah ee Bruce Highway ee gobolka waxa ay haysataa ugu yaraan 430 kamerooyin xawaaraha gacanta ah oo la ansixiyay, ama mid afartii kiiloomitirba.

Inkasta oo aan badnayn, 5600 Tasmanians waxay heleen in ka badan 2015 tikidhada kamaradaha xawaaraha go'an ee gobolka.

Liiska kamaradaha ugu faa'iidada badan gobolka 2015, oo uu daabacay Advocate oo laga helay booliiska Tasmania, ayaa liis gareynaya sagaal kaliya, laakiin si waxtar leh ayaa tilmaamaya in kamaradda 10-aad ay ahayd in lagu rakibo dhawaan Waddada Midland Highway, waqooyiga Campbelltown. .

Waa kuwan sagaalka kamaradaha xawaaraha ugu faa'iidada badan Tasmania 2015:

•         Brooker Highway, Rosetta (1970 ganaax)
•         Buundada Tasman, dhanka galbeed
•         Buundada Tasman, dhanka bari
•         South Exit, Tolmans Hill
•         Brook Highway, Comelian Bay
•         Bass Highway, East Devonport
•         Tasmanian Highway, Cambridge Park
•         South Exit, Kings Meadows
•         Bass Highway, Wivenhoe.

2017, saddexda kamaradood ee ugu sarreeya Tasmania waxay soo xareeyeen wax ka badan $ 1 milyan, halka Brooker Highway iyo Tasman Bridge, dhinaca galbeed, ay sii hayaan labada dhibcood ee ugu sarreeya, kamarada Bass Highway ee Bariga Devonport waxay ku guulaysatay inay u gudubto kaalinta saddexaad.

Inkasta oo aan badnayn, 5600 Tasmanians waxay heleen in ka badan 2015 tikidhada kamaradaha xawaaraha go'an ee gobolka.

Liiska kamaradaha ugu faa'iidada badan gobolka 2015, oo uu daabacay Advocate oo laga helay booliiska Tasmania, ayaa liis gareynaya sagaal kaliya, laakiin si waxtar leh ayaa tilmaamaya in kamaradda 10-aad ay ahayd in lagu rakibo dhawaan Waddada Midland Highway, waqooyiga Campbelltown. .

Waa kuwan sagaalka kamaradaha xawaaraha ugu faa'iidada badan Tasmania 2015:

•         Brooker Highway, Rosetta (1970 ganaax)
•         Buundada Tasman, dhanka galbeed
•         Buundada Tasman, dhanka bari
•         South Exit, Tolmans Hill
•         Brook Highway, Comelian Bay
•         Bass Highway, East Devonport
•         Tasmanian Highway, Cambridge Park
•         South Exit, Kings Meadows
•         Bass Highway, Wivenhoe.

2017, saddexda kamaradood ee ugu sarreeya Tasmania waxay soo xareeyeen wax ka badan $ 1 milyan, halka Brooker Highway iyo Tasman Bridge, dhinaca galbeed, ay sii hayaan labada dhibcood ee ugu sarreeya, kamarada Bass Highway ee Bariga Devonport waxay ku guulaysatay inay u gudubto kaalinta saddexaad.

Wadooyinka Washington DC waxaa ku xiran kamarado xawaarahooda go'an iyo kuwa mobilada labadaba, laakiin weydii qof kasta oo maxalli ah waxayna kuu sheegi doonaan in kamaradaha mobilada ee u eg kuwa yar yar ee loo yaqaan 'Robots tripods' ay kor u kacayaan.

Si rasmi ah, booliiska Galbeedka Australiya waxay ku faraxsan yihiin in darawaliintu ka warqabaan "xawaaraha ugu badan" meelaha kamaradaha "si loogu dhiirigeliyo inay hoos u dhigaan oo ay isku dayaan inay ka hortagaan shilalka halista ah ama khatarta ah." Dhammaantood waxa lagu eedeeyay meelo "khatar ah" si looga hortago xad-gudubyada xawaaraha iyo nalalka cas.

Goobaha kamaradaha gacanta ayaa sidoo kale lagu daabacaa toddobaad kasta internetka (40 ilaa 50 maalintii), wargeysyada, iyo laga sii daayo idaacadaha. Markaa haddii aad ku bixiso nus saac maalin kasta qorshaynta safarkaaga ka hor inta aanad guriga ka bixin, waad fiicnaan doontaa.

Dawladda gobolka ayaa ku dhawaaqday bishii Luulyo ee la soo dhaafay in ay ku rakibi doonto 25 kamarado xawaarihiisa go'an oo kale ah "goobaha aan weli la aqoonsan" ee Perth, iyada oo ku dartay shanta hadda lagu rakibay waddooyinka Mitchell iyo Kwinana. Iyo kaamirooyinkaas dhibic-ilaa-point, ee xawaarahaaga ku cabbiraya masaafo gaar ah ka dibna tigidh ku siiya haddii celceliskaagu aad u sarreeyo, sidoo kale waxa la sheegay inay ka shaqayn doonaan magaalada sannadka oo dhan.

Xaqiiqda fudud ayaa ah in ay adagtahay in la ogaado 10-ka boos ee ugu sarreeya ee dakhliga soo saara cam ee ku yaal Galbeedka Australia sababtoo ah had iyo jeer waxay ku jiraan dhaqaaq (oo inta badan waxay ku dhuuntaan duurka ama geedaha), laakiin halkan waa liiska kamaradaha go'an. ee Perth. Aad u fog.

Kaamirooyinka go'an ee Perth:

•         Waddada Row Highway, Beckenham
•         Jidka Weyn ee Bariga, Burlong
•         Graham Farmer Highway, Berswood
•         Waddada Row Highway, Willetton
•         Kwinana Freeway, Como
•         Mitchell Freeway, Innaloo
•         Kwinana Freeway, Murdoch
•         Mitchell Freeway, Sterling.

Sannadkii 2017, saddexdan ciyaartoy ayaa ahaa kuwii ugu mushaharka badnaa, iyagoo labadoodaba ka helay $97 milyan.