5 shay oo ay tahay in la ogaado ka hor inta aan la iibsan baabuur koronto.

Tusmo

1. Noocyada kala duwan ee baabuurta korontada (EV - Baabuur koronto)
2. Baabuur koronto ah oo kala duwan.
- - Xasuusnoow in baaxada baabuurta korontada ay saamayso:
- Intee masaafada ayaan heli karaa anigoo si caadi ah u kaxaynaya baabuur koronto?
  - Masaafada gaariga korontada
3. Saldhigyada dallacaadda.
- - Haddii aan baabuurkayga ku kaxeeyo 100 kWh charger, batterigayga 50 kWh ma dalaci doona 0 ilaa 100% 30 daqiiqo gudahood?

Ma ka fekereysaa inaad iibsato baabuur koronto ah? Ma ku wareertay waxa uu yahay isku-dhafan, waa maxay isku-xidhka fur-ku-gudbinta, sideese uu uga duwan yahay gaadhiga korontada ku shaqeeya? Mise waxaa laga yaabaa inaad ka baqeyso masaafada aadka u hooseeya ee ay bixiyaan baabuurta korontada? Boostada waa inay kuu sharaxdaa waxyaabo badan oo ku saabsan adduunka korantada.

1. Noocyada kala duwan ee baabuurta korontada (EV - Baabuur koronto)

Isku-dhafka = Matoorka gubashada gudaha + Matoor koronto.

Baabuurta isku-dhafka ahi waxay u isticmaalaan labada matoorada si isku mid ah, waxayna ku xiran tahay baabuurka inuu go'aamiyo goorta la isticmaalayo mishiinka korontada, marka la isticmaalayo matoor gubasho gudaha ah, iyo marka la isticmaalayo matoor koronto si loogu taageero matoorka gubashada gudaha - gaar ahaan gaadiidka magaalada. Gawaarida qaarkood, waxaa suurtagal ah in la awoodo habka wadista korontada, si kastaba ha ahaatee, qiyaasta la heli karo waa yar tahay 2-4 km, iyo matoorada korontada waxaa jira xadka ugu sarreeya, inta badan 40-50 km /. saacad Batariyada baabuurtan ayaa la dameeyaa marka ay bireega ku jiraan marka korontadu dib loo soo celiyo, balse si kale looma dalaci karo baytariyada. Faa'iidooyinka ay leeyihiin baabuurta isku dhafka ah ayaa ka muuqda magaalada, halkaasoo isticmaalka shidaalka uu aad uga yar yahay kan baabuurta gudaha ku guba.

Plug-in hybrid = Matoorka gubanaya + matoor koronto + baytari.

Baabuurta PHEV ama Isku-Darka Isku-dhafka ah (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vechicle). Had iyo jeer waa baabuur leh matoor gubasho gudaha ah (basiin ama naafto) iyo mid koronto, laakiin waxaa jira qaabab kala duwan oo ay u shaqeeyaan matooradan. Waxaa jira baabuur PHEV ah oo matoor koronto uu ku wado dabada danbe iyo matoorka gubashada gudaha uu wado dabada hore. Matooradani waxay u shaqayn karaan si gooni gooni ah, tusaale ahaan, kaliya matoor gubasho gudaha ah ama matoor koronto oo keliya, laakiin sidoo kale way wada shaqayn karaan, matoorka korontadu wuxuu taageeraa mishiinka gubashada gudaha. Tusaale ahaan gaadhigu waa fur-in Volvo V60.

Fikradda sii socota waa baabuur leh laba matoor, laakiin matoorka gubashada gudaha marka aad wadid waxa kale oo uu kordhin karaa baytariyada marka aad wadid. Qaabkan isku-dhafan waxa soo bandhigay Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV.

Fikradda kale ee isku-dhafka ah waa in lagu rakibo matoor gubasho gudaha ah iyo matoor koronto, laakiin waa matoorka koronto ee awoodda u wareejinaya taayirrada, halka matoorka guban uu u shaqeeyo sidii koronto-dhaliye. Markaa, marka tamarta ku kaydsan baytariyada ay dhammaato, mishiinka gubanaya wuu bilaabmaa, laakiin ma dhaliyo tamarta taayirrada. Tani waxay noqon doontaa hab lagu dhaliyo koronto si loo xoojiyo mishiinka korontada iyo qayb ahaan baytariyada. Waa in la ogaadaa in tani ay tahay isticmaalka ugu dhaqaalaha badan ee matoorka gubashada gudaha. Tusaale ahaan baabuurka noocaas ah waa Opel Ampera.

Dabcan, isku-dhafka isku-dhafka ah, waxaan ku dallaci karnaa baytariyada tamarta dibadda ee fiilooyinka. Qaar ka mid ah baabuurta fur-ku-gudbinta xitaa waxay oggolaadaan dajiyeyaasha degdegga ah ee DC!

Kala duwanaanshaha korantadu way ku kala duwan yihiin gaadhiga iyo qaabka wadista. Inta badan waxay u dhaxaysaa 30 ilaa 80 km iyadoo la isticmaalayo matoor koronto.

Gaadhi koronto = matoor koronto + batari

Baabuurta korantada ama baabuurta korontada (ama BEV-Battery Electric Vechicle) waa baabuur aan lahayn matoor koronto. Kala duwanaanshahooda waxay ku xiran yihiin awoodda baytariyada, oo lagu muujiyay kWh (kilowatt-hours), in ka yar inta badan Ah (ampere-hours), inkastoo labada foom ay sax yihiin, kii hore waa mid saaxiibtinimo leh. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, baabuurtani waxay bixiyaan khibrad wadista gabi ahaanba ka duwan marka loo eego baabuurta guba. Waxaan kugula talinayaa inaad adigu isku daydo oo aad isticmaasho wadaagga baabuurka marka hore.

2. Baabuur koronto ah oo kala duwan.

Tani waa qodobka go'aaminaya, laakiin sidoo kale cabsida ugu weyn haddii aad la kulanto iibsashada baabuur koronto ah. Dhammaan waxay kuxirantahay inta iyo sida aad qorsheyneyso inaad raacdo maalin kasta. Sida laga soo xigtay Xarunta Cilmi-baarista Wadajirka ah , in ka badan 80% darawalada Midowga Yurub waxay wataan wax ka yar 65 km maalintii. Ha daadin baabuurka korontada isla markaaba adigoo raadinaya safar hal mar ah oo ka yimid Zakopane ilaa Gdansk ama fasax aad ku aado Croatia. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii aad daboosho masaafo dheer inta lagu jiro maalinta, ama inta badan ay tahay inaad u safarto, tixgeli isku-dhafka plug-in.

Xasuusnoow in baaxada baabuurta korontada ay saamayso:

Awoodda baytarigu waxay ku xidhan tahay baabuurka iyo mararka qaarkood nooca nooca.
Cimilada - Heerkulka aadka u hooseeya ama sarreeya wuxuu xaddidi karaa tirada baabuurta korontada. Keliya kuleylinta iyo qaboojinta baabuurka waxay luminaysaa koronto badan. Ha werwerin, baytariyadaadu kulayl badan maayaan. Baabuurta korontada ayaa la qaboojinayaa.
Habka wadista - Sida aad u waddid waxay saamaynaysaa inta aad baabuur wadato. Way fiicantahay inaad baabuur wado adigoon dardargelin ama deceleration lama filaan ah. Xasuusnoow in baabuurka korontadu uu dib u soo ceshado tamar inta lagu jiro braking, markaa si fudud u sii daynta baydalka xawaaraha waxay keenaysaa bareeg badan.

Intee masaafada ayaan heli karaa anigoo si caadi ah u kaxaynaya baabuur koronto?

Hoos waxaan ku bari doonaa dhowr nooc oo baabuurta korontada caanka ah iyo masaafada ay ku jiraan. Waagii uu gaadhi koronto ku socday 100 km oo kaliya oo ay ahayd in uu raadiyo meel lagu dallaco waa hore.

Masaafada gaariga korontada

Tesla Model S85d - 440 km - laakiin okay, tani waa Tesla, Teslana waxaa loo yaqaanaa inuu yahay hogaamiyaha adduunka ee gawaarida korontada, markaa aan taabno dhulka wax yar.
Kia Niro EV 64 kWh - 445 km
Kia Niro EV 39,2 kWh - 289 km
Peugeot e-208 50 kWh - qiyaastii. 300 km
Nissan Leaf 40 kWh - ilaa 270 km
Nissan Lead e + 62 kWh - ilaa 385 km
BMW i3 - 260 km.
Smart EQ Afar - 153 KM.

Sida aad arki karto, dhammaan waxay ku xiran tahay awoodda batteriga iyo qaabka wadistaada. Tusaale ahaan, Peugeot e-208 waxa ay boggeeda qaabeynta ku leedahay jileeyaha masaafada masaafada xiisa leh. Markaad si tartiib tartiib ah u wado ilaa 70 km / h at 20 ^o C, baabuurka ayaa awood u leh inuu kaxeeyo 354 km, oo leh dhaqdhaqaaq firfircoon, dardargelinta fiiqan ilaa 130 km / h iyo bareega fiiqan heerkul ah -10 ^o C masaafada baabuurka waxay noqon doontaa kaliya 122 km.

Sidee si dhakhso ah loo xisaabiyaa masaafada qiyaastii ah ee lagu samayn karo baabuur koronto ah? Sida baabuurta leh mashiinka gubashada gudaha, celceliska isticmaalka shidaalka waxaa loo maleynayaa inuu yahay 8 l / 100 km, halka marka la eego baabuurta korontada, celceliska isticmaalka korontada loo qaadan karo 20 kWh / 100 km. Haddaba, masaafada aad si fudud u samayn karto, tusaale ahaan Kia Niro oo leh baytari 64 kWh waa 64 * 0,2 = 320 km. Waxay ku saabsan tahay raacasho degan oo aan lahayn wadid deegaan Youtuber-ka Polish-ka ayaa tijaabiyey masaafo dheer oo uu Kia Niro ka soo kaxaystay Warsaw kuna sii jeeday Zakopane, taas oo ah 418,5 Km halkii kiilo, celcelis ahaan isticmaalka tamarta 14,3 kWh/100 km.

3. Saldhigyada dallacaadda.

Dabcan, waxa ay u badan tahay in aad is waydiinayso halka iyo sida aad gaadhiga caynkaas ah uga dalaci doonto iyo guud ahaan xidhidhiyayaashu.

Is deji, tan hore baa loo yidhi. Booqo qoraaladii hore:

Soo koobid? - waxaa jira dabaylo badan.

Qaar waa lacag, qaarna waa bilaash. Noocyada isku xirayaasha? Dhib malahan Ku dallaca AC wuxuu isticmaalaa Nooca 2 ama, inta badan, Nooca 1. Inta badan saldhigyada dallacadu waxay leeyihiin godka nooca 2 ama nooca 2, markaa haddii aad iibsato baabuur leh nooca 1, waa inaad heshaa nooca 1 - Nooca 2 adabtarada. si loogu dallaco DC, gudaha Yurub waxaan ka heli doonaa isku xirayaasha CSS COMBO 2 ama CHAdeMO. Saldhigyo badan oo dallaca degdega ah ayaa lagu qalabeeyay laba ka mid ah lifaaqyadan. Walwal ma leh.