BMW N42B20 engine

Matoorada in-line-ka ee mid ka mid ah baabuurta ugu weyn adduunka, BMW, asal ahaan ma aha oo kaliya hal-abuurka iyo dhiiranaanta injineernimada, laakiin sidoo kale sita taariikhda dheer.

Isticmaalka tusaalaha matoorada ku salaysan N42B20 cylinder block, waxaad si taxadar leh u ilaalin kartaa waxa ay injineerada Bavarian-ka siiyeen dareenka marka ay naqshadeynayaan matoorada.

Description

Haddii aad si degdeg ah u eegto taariikhda matoorada BMW, waxaad ku soo gabagabeyn kartaa in injineerada Bavaria ay si taxadar leh u ixtiraamaan caadooyinkooda, xalalkooda cusubna waxay ku saleysan yihiin rabitaanka qummanaanta. Ma waxaad leedahay matoor dhan walba ku habboon ma jiri karo? Laakiin maaha maskaxda wax weydiinta ee injineerada Jarmalka, sababtoo ah kuma raacsanayn bayaankan, mar kasta oo la jebiyo fikradaha ku saabsan awoodda hoose ee matoorada yar yar.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa xusid mudan in garaadka injineernimada iyo tignoolajiyada ma sii socon muddo dheer, sababtoo ah bartamihii 90-meeyadii - horraantii 2000-meeyadii, xilligii suuq-geynta ayaa sii kordhaysa warshadaha kala duwan, iyo baabuurta ku dhawaad ​​​​intii ugu horreysay.

Tani waa sida matoorada ay u soo baxeen in saliidda "guzzle" ay litir ahaan ku jirto, baloogyada dhululubada oo ku guuldareysta kaliya kulayl yar iyo "farsamo" kale oo murugo leh oo aad u fool xun milkiilayaasha baabuurta iyo makaanikada xarumaha adeegga baabuurta.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kuwa dambe aad uga walaacsan yihiin "khiyaamaha" teknoolajiyada noocan oo kale ah, haddii aan la odhan ka soo horjeeda.

Aan ka hadlin waxyaalaha murugada leh, aynu si fiican u tixgelinno nidaamka taariikhiga ah ee abuurista matoorada BMW ee dhexdhexaadka ah (heerka suuqa) mugga, kuwaas oo ah 2.0 litir. Waxay ahayd muggan, marka lagu daro tignoolajiyada jira, in injineerada Bavaria ay tixgeliyeen ku dhawaad ​​​​fiican marka la eego dhammaan (!) sifooyinka looga baahan yahay: awoodda, qulqulka, miisaanka, isticmaalka shidaalka, nolosha adeegga. Run, injineerada ma iman mugga this isla markiiba, laakiin waxa oo dhan waxay ku bilaabeen engine halyeeyga ah index "M10", oo waa la taas oo dhan taariikhda baaxadda weyn ee cutubyada afar-dhululubo ee line. Summada BMW ayaa bilaabanaysa.

Waa in la qiraa in wakhtigaas, BMW sameeyey, haddii aysan ahayn engine ugu fiican, ka dibna hubaal waa mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu fiican taariikhda shirkadda. Waxay ahayd M10 block kaas oo u adeegay sidii goob dheeraad ah oo loogu talagalay tiro badan oo ah xalalka injineernimada, kaas oo shirkaddu ay bilawday inay soo bandhigto waqti ka dib cutubyadeeda cusub. Waxaa jiray tiro badan oo kala duwanaansho farsamo oo matoorada ah oo ku saleysan block M10, oo ay ka mid yihiin:

• tijaabooyin mugga matoorka gubashada gudaha;
• tijaabooyinka madaxa dhululubada;
• Nidaamyada sahayda shidaalka ee kala duwan (1 carburetor, dual carburetors, cirbadeynta farsamada).

Ka dib, M10 block bilaabay in la safeeyo, teknoolajiyada cusub ayaa la tijaabiyey, iyo ugu dambeyntii tiro dhan oo matoorada la sii daayay, oo ku salaysan "halyeeyga" M10. Waxa wakhtigaas jiray xalal teknoloji oo badan, laga soo bilaabay nidaamka sahayda shidaalka, iyadoo lagu soo afjaray tijaabooyin lagu sameeyay madaxyada dhululubo (madaxyada dhululubada mataanaha ah) iyo guud ahaan miisaanka guud ee mishiinka iyo gaadhiga guud ahaan. Liiska tignoolajiyada ee matoorada, kuwaas oo ku salaysan M10, waa mid aad u ballaaran; halkan waa liis gaaban oo waafaqsan taariikhda horumarka:

• M115/M116;
• M10B15/M10B16;
• M117/M118;
• M42, M43;
• M15 - M19, M22/23, M31;
• M64, M75 - Noocyada dhoofinta matoorada ee suuqyada US (M64) iyo Japanese (M75).

Intaa ka dib, iyada oo la sii abuurayo mishiinnada, injineerada Bavaria waxay soo gabagabeeyeen in ku-beddelka matoorada ku salaysan block block (cylinder block) M10 uu noqon doono mid aad u casrisan oo tignoolajiyadeed M40. Tani waa sida matoorada dambe ay u soo baxeen, kuwaas oo ay ka mid ahaayeen M43 iyo N42B20, kuwaas oo si gaar ah noo xiiso geliyay.

Macluumaadka guud iyo sifooyinka farsamada ee BMW N42B20 matoorka gubashada gudaha

Unugyada tamarta ee ku saleysan N42B20 block ayaa la abuuray iyadoo loo eegayo dhammaan "canons" ee dhismaha casriga casriga ah. Noocyada matoorada ee block-gan ayaa ballan qaaday ammaan dheer oo loogu talagalay cutubkan, laakiin wax walba uma aysan dhicin sidii la filayay. Horudhac N42 wuxuu ahaa mishiinka leh M43 index, kaas oo "buuqay" dhammaan tignoolajiyada ugu wanaagsan ee lagu tijaabiyay afarta-line:

• ku shaqaynta waalka iyada oo loo marayo tabeellayaasha;
• habka silsiladda waqtiga;
• adkaanta korodhay iyo miisaanka hoose ee block block;
• hagaajinta ka-hortagga garaaca (oo leh shaqo gooni ah oo dhululubo kasta ah);
• biistoonno wax laga beddelay (oo goonnada goonnada ku leh).

Kala duwanaanshaha matoorada on block N42, dhanka bidix - N42B18 (mugga - 1.8 l), dhinaca midig - N42B20 (mugga - 2.0 l).

Dhanka kale, mid ka mid ah farqiga ugu weyn ee u dhexeeya matoorada N42B20 iyo kala duwanaanshiyaha kale ee N42 block ayaa ahaa muuqaalka madaxa dhululubo mataanaha ah oo ay weheliso waqtiga waalka firfircoon (sababtoo ah nidaamka VANOS) iyo nidaamka wiishka Valvetronic variable valve. Isticmaalka dhammaan nidaamyadan iyo teknoolajiyada ayaa suurtogaliyay in la yareeyo isticmaalka shidaalka oo laga saaro awood dheeraad ah (marka la barbardhigo noocyadii hore) ee mishiinka, laakiin, nasiib daro, ma kordhin kalsoonida.

Sannadka soo saarida cutubka korontada	Laga soo bilaabo 2004 ilaa 2012*
nooca mishiinka	Batroolka
Qaabka unugga korantada	In-line, afar-dhululubo
Mugga matoorka	2.0 litir ***
Nidaamka Awoodda	Cirbad
Madaxa dhululubada	DOHC (laba camshafts), wadida wakhtiga - silsilad
Awoodda mashiinka gubashada gudaha	143 hp at 6000 rpm ***
Tareenka	200Nm at 3750***
Walxaha ka samaysan block iyo madaxa dhululubada	Silinder block - aluminium, madaxa dhululubo - aluminium
Shidaalka loo baahan yahay	AI-96, AI-95 (Euro 4-5 fasalka)
Ilaha mashiinka gubashada gudaha	Laga bilaabo 200 ilaa 000 (waxay kuxirantahay hawlgalka iyo dayactirka), celceliska kheyraadka waa 400 - 000 baabuur si wanaagsan loo dayactiray.

Haddii ay jirto baahi loo qabo in la ogaado calaamadaynta saxda ah ee mishiinka iyo lambarka aqoonsiga, markaa waa inaad ku tiirsan tahay jaantuska hoose.

Guud ahaan, matoorku kuma faani karo waxqabad muuqda, gaar ahaan marka la barbar dhigo jiilkii hore ee matoorada. Sida aad arki karto, kala duwanaanshiyaha ugu weyn waa hoos u dhigista isticmaalka shidaalka iyo kororka yar ee awoodda. Nasiib darro, waxaad ogaan kartaa kororka halista ah ee awoodda xawaaraha sare, iyo marka lagu daro gudbinta tooska ah waxaad illoobi kartaa awoodda iyo orodka degdegga ah.

Dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah ee mashiinka gubashada gudaha BMW N42B20

Matoorada ku saleysan N42 block waxay noqdeen ku dhawaad ​​matoorada gubashada gudaha ee ugu horumarsan tignoolajiyada waqtigaas. Si ka duwan kuwii ka horreeyay, Bavarians waxay go'aansadeen inay adkeeyaan naqshadeynta iyagoo ku daraya 2 camshafts madaxa dhululubada, iyo nidaamka Double-VANOS ayaa sidoo kale lagu daray iyaga. Dhab ahaantii, dhammaan wax-soo-saarka ayaa ammaan u keenay matooradaas, in kasta oo aysan ahayn dhammaan waxa naqshadeeyayaasha matooradan ay ku riyoodeen.

Laba camshafts ayaa aad u fiican, dabcan, laakiin turunturooyinka ayaa ah xalal farsamo oo badan oo adag, sida Double-VANOS. Waxaas oo dhan waxay saameyn togan ku leeyihiin isticmaalka maalinlaha ah, sababtoo ah isticmaalka shidaalka waa la dhimay, laakiin ma jiraan wax badan oo arrintan ku saabsan? Gaar ahaan kiiska marka baabuurta lagu shaqeeyo wadamada Ruushka iyo CIS, halkaas oo tayada shidaalka iyo saliidda ay ka baxaan wax badan oo la rabo. Waxay u caddaatay akhristaha xikmadda leh in isticmaalka shidaalka iyo saliidaha tayadoodu hooseyso ay saameyn aad u xun ku leedahay qaybaha matoorka. Shidaalka mala awaalka ah miyuu u qalmaa dayactirka qaaliga ah ee matoorka gubashada gudaha?

Anaga, oo ku saleysan xogta tirakoobka, waxaan ogaan doonaa nuances gaar ah oo ku saabsan joogteynta matooradan, laakiin aan u soo qaadno sida ay u kala horreeyaan, sababtoo ah ka hor intaanan ka hadlin dayactirka, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ogaato waxa inta badan burburiya matooradaas. Laakiin halkan wax walbaa aad ayey u dhib badan yihiin, sababtoo ah dhibaatada ugu weyn ee matooradani waa kulaylkooda iyo xinjirowga saliidda xooggan.

Injineerada BMW waxay dejiyeen bar sare oo loogu talagalay xakamaynta heerkulka engine - in ka badan 110 darajo, natiijada - saliidda ku jirta kiishku waxay kuleylaysaa 120-130 digrii, iyo haddii aad sidoo kale tixgeliso mugga buuxinta yar, markaa wax walbaa waxay noqdaan. aad looga xumaado.

Cokes saliidda kulul oo xirta kanaalada saliidda; waqti ka dib, nidaamka Valvetronic wadista wuxuu bilaabaa inuu "qariyo", iyo hawl-wadeennada nidaamyada Double-VANOS way fashilmaan.

Natiijo ahaan, matoorku wuxuu helayaa coking muhiim ah, wuxuu joojiyaa neefsashada, iyo haddii aad tixgeliso in tignoolajiyada kor ku xusan lagu hirgeliyay aluminium aluminium block iyo madaxa dhululubada, waa heshiis weyn. Milkiileyaal badan oo BMW ah ayaa si toos ah u yaqaan madaxyada dhululubada ee "sabbeynaya" natiijada kulaylka, "farsamada" noocaas ah ma loo baahan yahay? Waa suurtogal in xaaladaha Yurub, heerkulka hooseeya, aan lahayn ciriiriga taraafikada iyo shidaalka tayada sare leh, tiknoolajiyadani waxay si fiican u shaqeyn lahaayeen. Laakiin xaaladaha dhabta ah ee dhabta ah ee Ruushka - hubaal maaha.

Haddii aynaan taaban dhibaatada halista ah iyo daba-dheeraada ee mishiinnada N42B20 / N42B18 ee la xidhiidha kulaylka, laakiin taabto inta kale ee qaybaha matoorka, markaa ma jiraan wax dhibco daciif ah oo halkan laga heli karo, marka laga reebo:

• waqtiga silsiladda xiisadda (khayraadka ~ 90 - 000 km);
• Guuldarrooyinka soo noqnoqda ee nooca BREMI gariiradaha dabka shiidaalka ah (lagu xalliyo iyadoo lagu beddelayo gariiradaha kuwa EPA);
• "zhor" oo saliid ah oo ay ugu wacan tahay jebinta xirmooyinka tarma ee waalka (isbeddelka saliidda ee soo noqnoqda ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah kulaylka matoorka gubashada gudaha waa mid aan la aqbali karin).

Isku beddelka iyo joogteynta mishiinka gubashada gudaha BMW N42B20

Matoorka N42B20 laguma magacaabi karo mid la hagaajin karo oo si sahlan loo dayactiri karo, laakiin haddii la sameeyo hawlgal sax ah, oo leh isbeddel saliideed oo joogto ah (4000 kiiloomitir kasta) oo aan lahayn kulayl badan, waxay socon kartaa waqti dheer. Xitaa haddii meel gaar ah loo baahan yahay "caasimad", waa mid aad uga fog in mishiinka hadda la tuurayo.

Maqnaanshaha kulaylka iyo "nool" madaxa dhululubada, dib u habeyn weyn ma noqon doonto xiddigiye, laakiin hubaal waxay u baahan doontaa maalgashi. Xaaladda waxaa sidoo kale lagu fududeeyay tiro badan oo aan asal ahayn oo isku mid ah oo qiimo jaban ah, kuwaas oo kordhin kara nolosha matoorka wakhti go'an (waxay kuxirantahay tayada alaabta).

Marar badan, milkiilayaasha BMW ee wata mishiinnada N42B20/N42B18 waxay raadiyaan xal noocaas ah sida in mishiinka mid kale lagu beddelo. Caga-jiid la'aanta ah in ay u adkaysato xamaasadda matoorada ee N42 block inta badan waxay ku qasbeysaa milkiilayaal badan inay ku beddelaan afartoodii "dhaqaale" wax ka sii xoog badan.

Inta badan, mid ka mid ah mishiinnada ugu muhiimsan ee isku beddelashada halkii N42B20 waa matoorada gubashada gudaha ee soo socota (lix-silsilad):

• BMW M54B30;
• Toyota 2JZ-GTE.

Matoorada kor ku xusan ma haystaan ​​dhibaatooyin halis ah sida N42B20, waxay leeyihiin awood iyo isku hallayn badan, sidoo kale way fududahay in la habeeyo.

Baabuur leh matoorada BMW N42B20

Kaliya hal xariiq BMW ah ayaa lagu qalabeeyay matooro ku salaysan N42 cylinder block - 3-taxane (E-46 jirka). Si aad u gaar ah, kuwani waa moodooyinka soo socda:

• BMW 316Ti E46/5;
• BMW 316i E46 (sedan iyo nooca jirka dalxiiska);
• BMW E46 318i;
• BMW E46 318Ci;
• BMW 318ti E46/5.