BMW N46B20 engine

Taariikhda matoorada BMW waxay bilaabataa waqti dheer ka hor bilowgii qarnigii 21aad. Matoorka N46B20 ma aha mid ka reeban, waa unug afar-dhululubo ah oo khadka ku jira, oo ay si buuxda u hagaajiyeen Bavarians. Asal ahaan matoorkani waxa uu dib ugu noqonayaa bilawgii 60aadkii qarnigii la soo dhaafay, markaasoo matoorka dhabta ah ee kacaanka ee loo yaqaan M10 uu arkay iftiinka. Tilmaamaha ugu muhiimsan ee cutubkan lagu garto waa:

• isticmaalka ma aha oo kaliya birta tuuray, laakiin sidoo kale aluminium si loo yareeyo miisaanka mishiinka;
• "kala-duwanaanshaha" qaadashada iyo qiiqa mareenka dhinacyada kala duwan ee matoorka;
• meesha uu ku yaal matoorka gubashada gudaha ee qolka matoorka oo leh jiirar 30 darajo.

Matoorka M10 wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah jaangooyooyinka loogu talagalay mugga "dhexdhexaad ah" (ilaa 2 litir - M43) iyo waxtarka sare. Tan iyo markaas, xariiqda matoorada gudaha ee xoogga leh, kuwaas oo ku qalabaysan inta badan noocyada BMW, ayaa bilaabmaya. Gaar ahaan sifooyinkeeda, wakhtigaas, matoorku wuxuu cadeeyay inuu aad u wanaagsan yahay.

Laakiin Bavarians kuma filna, iyo kaamilnimada dabiiciga ah, waxay sii wadeen inay hagaajiyaan naqshadaynta mashiinka hore ee guusha leh. Aan ka baqin in ay tijaabiyaan oo ay ku dadaalaan "ku habboon", kala duwanaansho badan oo M10 ah ayaa la sameeyay, dhammaantood waxay ku kala duwan yihiin mugga (laga bilaabo 1.5 ilaa 2.0 litir) iyo nidaamyada shidaalka (hal carburetor, dual carburetors, cirbadaha farsamada).

Intaa waxaa dheer, Bavarians, oo aan haysan waqti ku filan oo ay ku ciyaaraan mishiinka, waxay go'aansadeen in ay hagaajiyaan madaxa dhululubada iyaga oo kordhinaya qaybaha qulqulka ee kanaalka gelitaanka / ka soo baxa. Kadibna madaxa dhululubada oo leh laba camshafts ayaa la isticmaalay, si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida laga soo xigtay naqshadeeyayaasha, go'aankani si buuxda uma caddayn naftiisa mana uusan gelin wax soo saarka.

Waxaa la go'aamiyay in la doorto mishiin afar-dhululubo ah oo khadka ku jira oo leh hal kamarad oo sare ah iyo laba valves per cylinder. Laga soo bilaabo muggan, injineeradu waxay ku guuleysteen inay ka saaraan ilaa 110 hp.

Mustaqbalka, taxane ah matoorada "M" ayaa sii wanaajisay, taasoo keentay in tiro ka mid ah unugyo cusub, waxay heleen tusmooyinka soo socda: M31, M43, M64, M75. Dhammaan matooradan waxaa la abuuray oo lagu soo saaray block-ka dhululubo ee M10, tani waxay socotay ilaa 1980. Ka dib, M10 waxay beddeshay mashiinka M40, oo loogu talagalay in ka badan safarrada rayidka ah marka loo eego tartanka xawaaraha dheereeya. Farqiga ugu weyn ee M10 waa suunka, halkii silsilad ee habka waqtiga. Intaa waxaa dheer, xannibaadda dhululubada ayaa ka takhalustay qaar ka mid ah "nabarada" caadiga ah. Awoodda matoorada lagu sameeyay M40 wax badan ma kordhin, wax soo saarkoodu wuxuu ahaa 116 hp oo keliya. Sannadkii 1994-kii, mishiinka M40 wuxuu sii daayay engine cusub - M43. Marka laga eego aragtida naqshadeynta block block, ma jiraan wax badan oo isbeddel ah, tan iyo inta badan hal-abuurka teknoolajiyada ayaa saameeyay deegaanka saaxiibtinimo iyo nidaamyada isku halaynta, awoodda engine ayaa weli isku mid ah - 116 hp.

Taariikhda abuurista matoorka, laga bilaabo N42 ilaa N46

Sababtoo ah xaqiiqda ah inaadan sifayn karin dhammaan taariikhda dheer iyo hodanka ah ee matoorada afar-dhululubo ee khadka-guud, aan u gudubno faraqa u dhexeeya matoorada N42 iyo N46. Dambe aad ayuu noogu xiiso badan yahay, sababtoo ah waxaa la soo saaray ilaa 2013, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in tiro badan oo baabuur ah oo ku qalabaysan qaybtan korontada ay ku safrayaan dhulalka Ruushka iyo CIS. Aynu falanqeynno farqiga u dhexeeya N46 iyo kii ka horreeyay ee N42.

Marka, ICE waxay calaamadisay N42 (iyo kala duwanaanshaheeda N43, N45) 2001 waxay bedeshay M43. Farqiga ugu weyn ee teknoloji ee u dhexeeya mishiinka cusub iyo M43 wuxuu ahaa muuqaalka laba xabbo oo kaamirooyinka madaxa dhululubada ah (madaxa dhululubo), nidaamyada wakhtiga waalka doorsoomayaasha (VANOS) iyo valves variable valves (Valvetronic). Baaxadda unugyada tamarta N42 waa yar yihiin waxayna ka kooban yihiin laba nooc oo keliya - N42B18 iyo N42B20, matooradan gubashada gudaha way ka duwan yihiin midba midka kale xaqiiqda oo keliya mugga. Tirooyinka 18 iyo 20 ee N42 index waxay muujinayaan mugga mishiinka, 18 - 1.8 litir, 20 - 2.0 litir, awood - 116 iyo 143, siday u kala horreeyaan. Baabuurta ku qalabaysan mishiinadaasi aad bay u yar yihiin - kaliya BMW 3-taxane ah.

Waxaan ogaanay wax yar oo ku saabsan taariikhda abuurista iyo horumarinta matoorada afar-dhululubo ee khadka-line, hadda aan u gudubno geesiga munaasabadda - mishiinka leh index N46. Cutubkani waa sii wadida macquul ah ee matoorka N42. Marka la abuurayo mishiinka gubashada gudaha, injineerada Bavaria waxay tixgeliyeen waayo-aragnimada dhismaha unuggii hore, waxay soo ururiyeen tiro badan oo tirooyin ah waxayna u soo bandhigeen adduunka asal ahaan isla mishiinka hore, laakiin isbeddelo badan.

Go'aanka ugu dambeeya ee warshadda wuxuu ahaa mashiinka N46B20, wuxuu ahaa kii u adeegay aasaaska abuurista noocyo kale oo N46 ah. Aan si qoto dheer u eegno aasaasihii taxanaha - N46B20. Matoorkani wali waa isla naqshad "classic" - mashiinka gubashada gudaha ee afar-dhululubo, oo leh mugga 2 litir. Kala duwanaanshaha ugu weyn ee kii ka horreeyay:

• Naqshad raagaya oo la wanaajiyey;
• bamka faakuumka dib loo habeeyay;
• riixaya rullaluistemadka oo ka samaysan walxo aad u waara oo leh muuqaal kale;
• naqshadeynta wax laga beddelay ee miisaamidda ulaha;
• ECU waxay leedahay qalab kontorool oo Valvetronic ah oo ku dhex jira.

Tilmaamaha ICE BMW N46B20

Sii wadida macquulka ah ee N42 ee qaabka mashiinka N46B20 ayaa u soo baxday si guul leh. Matoorka cusub ayaa si weyn dib loogu habeeyay, iyadoo lagu saleynayo tirakoobyada dayactirka kuwii ka horreeyay, injineerada ayaa hagaajiyay meelaha dhibka leh ee mashiinka, inkastoo aysan suurtagal ahayn in gabi ahaanba laga takhaluso "boogaha" caadiga ah ee ku jira matoorada BMW. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani waa wax caadi u ah astaanta BMW, laakiin wax badan oo ku saabsan taas ka dib.

ICE BMW N46B20 waxay heshay sifooyinka soo socda:

Sannadka soo saarida cutubka korontada	Laga soo bilaabo 2004 ilaa 2012*
nooca mishiinka	Batroolka
Qaabka unugga korantada	In-line, afar-dhululubo
Mugga matoorka	2.0 litir ***
Nidaamka Awoodda	Cirbad
Madaxa dhululubada	DOHC (laba camshafts), wadida wakhtiga - silsilad
Awoodda mashiinka gubashada gudaha	143 hp at 6000 rpm ***
Tareenka	200Nm at 3750***
Walxaha ka samaysan block iyo madaxa dhululubada	Silinder block - aluminium, madaxa dhululubo - aluminium
Shidaalka loo baahan yahay	AI-96, AI-95 (Euro 4-5 fasalka)
Ilaha mashiinka gubashada gudaha	Laga bilaabo 200 ilaa 000 (waxay kuxirantahay hawlgalka iyo dayactirka), celceliska kheyraadka waa 400 - 000 baabuur si wanaagsan loo dayactiray.

Waxa kale oo mudan in laga hadlo xogta lagu tilmaamay shaxda:

* - sanadka wax soo saarka waxaa lagu tilmaamay xariiqda matoorada ee ku saleysan N46 cylinder block, ficil ahaan, mashiinka gubashada gudaha (wax ka beddelka aasaasiga ah) N46B20O0 - ilaa 2005, ICE N46B20U1 - laga bilaabo 2006 ilaa 2011 iyadoo ku xiran qaabka;

** - mugga ayaa sidoo kale celcelis ahaan, inta badan matoorada on block N46 waa laba litir, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa jiray engine ah 1.8 litir ee line;

*** - Awoodda iyo qulqulka ayaa sidoo kale la isku celceliyaa, sababtoo ah iyadoo lagu saleynayo xannibaadda N46B20, waxaa jira waxyaabo badan oo isbeddel ah oo ku saabsan matoorka gubashada gudaha oo leh awood iyo qulqulo kala duwan.

Haddii ay jirto baahi loo qabo in la ogaado calaamadaynta saxda ah ee mishiinka iyo lambarka aqoonsiga, markaa waa inaad ku tiirsan tahay jaantuska hoose.

Isku halaynta iyo joogteynta matoorada BMW N46B20

Waxaa jira halyeeyo ku saabsan isku halaynta matoorada BMW "halyeyga ah", qof ayaa si ba'an u ammaanay cutubyadan, kuwa kale ayaa si naxariis darro ah u canaantay. Dhab ahaantii ma jirto ra'yi aan caddayn oo ku saabsan arrintan, markaa aynu eegno matooradan ku salaysan tirakoobyada iyo sawiridda isbarbardhigga macquulka ah.

Marka, mid ka mid ah sababaha caadiga ah ee fashilka unugyada ku saleysan block N46 waa kulaylka. Sheekada leh madax kulul iyo "dabeecad" (madaxa dhululubo) waxay ka sii socotaa matoorada la soo saaray 80-meeyadii. Mashiinnada leh N46 block, tani maahan mid aad u xun, laakiin waxaa jira khatar ah in mishiinka uu xumaado. Oo haddii kii ka horreeyay (N42) uu la kulmay kulayl aad u badan, markaa arrimuhu way ku fiican yihiin N46. Heerkulka furitaanka heerkulbeegga ayaa hoos loo dhigayaa, laakiin matoorka ayaa weli ka baqaya saliid tayadiisu hooseyso, sidaas darteed, isticmaalka shidaalka xun iyo saliidaha baabuurta BMW waxay la mid tahay dhimasho gaar ah, gaar ahaan tartamada soo noqnoqda ee laxanka "tartanka". Matoorka kulaylka badan, madaxa dhululubada ayaa si lama filaan ah u "sabbeynaya", daloolooyin waaweyn ayaa ka muuqda inta u dhexeysa block-ka dhululubo iyo madaxa dhululubada, qaboojiyaha jaakada qaboojinta ayaa galaya dhululubada, baabuurkana "wuxuu imaanayaa" caasimadda.

Matoorada ku yaala N46 block waxaa ku qalabaysan variable valve timing system (VANOS), kani waa unug farsamo ahaan adag, hadii uu xumaadona dayactirka waxa uu ku kici karaa lacag nadiif ah (ilaa 60 rubles). Tani waxay badanaa ku dhacdaa orod ka badan 000 km. Haddii ay dhacdo "zhora" oo saliid ah, marka hore, mid waa inuu ku dembaabaa shaabadihii taanka ee waalka, beddelkoodu wuxuu ku kici doonaa qiyaastii 70 - 000 rubles, iyadoo ku xiran nooca mashiinka iyo adeegga.

Dhibaatadan waa in aan dib loo dhigin, sababtoo ah tani waxay ka buuxsantay burbur halis ah oo matoor ah!

Sidoo kale, ha iloobin gubasho dabadheeraad ah oo ku saabsan saliidda, ~ ilaa 500g oo saliid ah 1000km, iyadoo ku xiran xaaladda matoorka. Heerka saliidda waa in si dhow loola socdo oo kor loo qaado haddii loo baahdo.

Nuance kale oo ku saabsan matoorada lagu dhisay N46B20 waa habka silsiladda waqtiga, oo leh dhammaan cawaaqibta. Farsamoyaqaannada khibradda leh waxay ku boorriyaan inay la socdaan qaybta wakhtiga ku orda in ka badan 90 km, gaar ahaan kuwa jecel inay kaxeeyaan, raacayaasha deggan waa inay fiiro gaar ah u yeeshaan kan ordaya 000 km. Badanaa waxay dhacdaa in silsiladdu ay fidsan tahay, iyo hababka kicinta ee ka samaysan balaastiggu waxay noqdaan kuwo aan la isticmaali karin. Natiijo ahaan, hoos u dhac weyn oo ku yimaada sifooyinka jiidashada, xaaladaha qaarkood, qaylada silsiladda lafteeda ayaa lagu daraa tan.

Inta badan, milkiilayaasha ayaa ka cadhaysiin kara bamka faakiumka "dhididsan". Inta lagu jiro hawlgalka, dhibaatadani ku dhawaad ​​ma muujinayso, laakiin dayactirka soo socda, waa inaad si hubaal ah u fiirsataa "taangi faaruq". Haddii smudgesku ay xoog badan yihiin, markaa waa inaad soo iibsataa qalabka dayactirka bamka asalka ah oo aad hagaajiso, dabcan, farsamoyaqaanno aqoon leh. Sidoo kale, dhibaatooyinka soo noqnoqda waxaa ka mid ah shaqo-la'aan aan degganayn iyo bilawga "dheer" ee mishiinka, sababtuna waa furaha hawo-qaadista. Waa in lagu beddelaa orodka ka badan 40 - 000 km.

Noocyo

BMW maaha baabuur fudud, haday ahaan lahayd dayactirka iyo waliba muuqaalka iyo waxqabadka wadista. Naqshad gardarro leh, ganaax si wanaagsan loo habeeyey, mishiin leh shelf torque ah oo "dhalan". Bavarians-ka weli aad uma jecla matoorada mugga, iyaga oo ka cabanaya miisaankooda culus. Raacitaanka tagsiga saxda ah iyo wax soo saarka waa mid amaan mudan. Kaliya hadda, nasiib daro, wadista iyo dayactirka baabuurta BMW ee wadamada Ruushka iyo CIS waxay ku yimaadaan dinaar quruxsan. Way fiicnaan lahayd haddii dayactirka qaaliga ah dhif loo baahan yahay, laakiin tani maaha wax ku saabsan BMW.

Nuance ugu weyn, dhibaatada iyo xanuunka milkiilayaasha BMW ee guriga waa shidaal tayadiisu hooseyso, inta badan waxay keentaa madax xanuun badan milkiilayaasha baabuurta ajnabiga ah ee Jarmalka. Oo haddii aad ku darto saliid raqiis ah tan iyo rajada wakhtiga dheer ee saxmada wadooyinka, waxaad dhaawac halis ah u gaysanaysaa matoorka. Muddada beddelka saliidda ee loo qorsheeyay waa hal mar 10 kiiloomitir, laakiin milkiilayaasha baabuurta ee khibradda leh ayaa si geesinimo leh u odhan doona - beddel 000 - 5000 km kasta, way fiicnaan doontaa! Muhiim ma aha in la buuxiyo asalka, waxaa loo oggol yahay in la isticmaalo saliidaha la midka ah, laakiin tayada wanaagsan. N7000B46 "waxay cuntaa" saliidaha leh maqaarkoodu yahay 20W-5 iyo 30W-5 si fiican, iyo mugga loo baahan yahay marka la bedelayo waxay noqonayaan 40 litir.

Matoorada BMW waxay jecel yihiin dayactirka joogtada ah iyo N46B20 maaha mid ka reeban, waxay leedahay awood ku filan oo loogu talagalay wadista kalsoonida ee xaaladaha magaalooyinka, iyo shidaalka iyo saliidda tayada sare leh waxay u adkeysan karaan culeysyada muddada dheer "aagga cas". Dabcan, qofna kama hadlin jinsiyadaha dheer, laakiin maneuvering gardarrada ee magaalada ama wadada weyn ma waxyeelo engine. Waxa ugu muhiimsan waa in la kormeero heerkulka!

SWAP, qandaraas iyo hagaajin

Inta badan, milkiilayaasha BMW, oo doonaya in ay helaan awood dheeraad ah oo ay ku badbaadiyaan dayactirka ama dayactirka mishiinka hadda, waxay ku dhaqaaqaan habkan oo kale sida ku beddelashada mishiinka mid kale. Mid ka mid ah fursadaha caadiga ah ee isdhaafsiga waa mishiinka Japan ee taxanaha 2JZ (waxaa jira wax ka bedel badan oo mashiinkan ah). Ujeedada ugu weyn ee mashiinka waddaniga ah loogu beddelayo mid Jabbaan ah waa:

• awood sare;
• hagaajin raqiis ah oo wax soo saar leh ee mashiinkan;
• isku halaynta weyn.

Ka fog dhammaan milkiilayaasha baabuurta ayaa go'aansada in ay qaadaan tallaabadan oo kale sida isbeddelka, sababtoo ah kharashka beddelka mashiinka iyo hagaajintiisa xiga waxay ku jirtaa gobolka 200 rubles. Ikhtiyaarka ugu fudud ee isdhaafsiga waa in la rakibo cutubka ugu awooda badan (iyo hagaajintiisa dambe) oo ku saleysan N000 block, waa N46NB46 oo leh awood 20 hp. Farqiga u dhexeeya matoorka noocaan ah iyo N170B46 wuxuu ku jiraa daboolka madaxa oo kala duwan, nidaamka qiiqa iyo nidaamka ECU. Doorashadani waa mid caqli gal ah, sababtoo ah iibsashada iyo rakibidda mashiinkani uma baahna kharash badan. Khasaaraha isweydaarsiga noocaas ah waxaa ka mid ah "nabarradii" hore ee matoorada BMW. Caadiyan, habkan waxaa loo adeegsadaa marka matoorka hadda jira uu jabo oo dib u habeyn weyn ama beddelka qaybta qandaraaska loo baahan yahay.

Haddii ay dhacdo in dayactirku lagama maarmaan yahay, markaa waa inaad raadisaa adeeg leh khabiiro takhasus leh. Beddelka mootada qandaraaska mid waxay la mid tahay iibsashada "doofaar ku jira poke", sababtoo ah waxaa jira khatar weyn oo ah helitaanka matoor kulul ama unug leh daal daran sababtoo ah dhibaatada la xiriirta xirmooyinka tarmariga.

Sidaa darteed, haddii mishiinkaagu aanu kuleyl ahayn, oo aysan jirin wax dhibaato ah oo ku saabsan shaabadaha taamka ah, markaa waxaad si badbaado leh u hagaajin kartaa mishiinka, laakiin kaliya adeegga la xaqiijiyay ee takhasuska leh!

Haddii aan ka hadalno matoorada hagaajinta ee ku saleysan N46B20 block, markaa tani maahan mid qurux badan. Korodhka weyn ee awoodda (laga bilaabo 100 hp) waxay u baahan doontaa maalgashi ballaaran iyo hagaajinta qaybaha haray ee baabuurka. Guud ahaan, moodooyinka leh matoorrada N46 block waa dhif in la hagaajiyo sababtoo ah naqshadaynta adag iyo qiimaha qaaliga ah ee qalabyada hagaajinta iyo hagaajintooda. Xalka ugu fiican halkan waa in mashiinka lagu beddelo mid kale. Laakiin kororka yar ee awoodda wax dhib ah uma geysan matooradan sinaba, maadaama tiro badan oo milkiilayaasha baabuurta iyo tirakoobyada aan la dabooli karin ay ku qanacsan yihiin, hagaajinta ugu weyn waa:

• Beddelka qalabka firmware-ka (CHIP tuning) una beddelo mid ka xoog badan oo dheellitiran;
• rakibaadda qiiqa tooska ah iyada oo aan lahayn beddelayaasha catalytic;
• rakibidda shaandhada caabbinta eber ah iyo / ama tuubada ceejinta ee dhexroorka weyn.

Baabuur leh matoorada BMW N46B20

Baabuur badan oo BMW ah ayaa lagu qalabeeyay matooradan (iyo wax ka beddelkooda), sida caadiga ah, cutubyadan ayaa lagu rakibay noocyada miisaaniyada baabuurta:

• wax ka beddelka mishiinka gubashada gudaha ee 129 hp (N46B20U1) ayaa lagu rakibay BMW: E81 118i, E87 118i, E90 318i, E91 318i;
• wax ka beddelka mishiinka gubashada gudaha ee 150 hp (N46B20O1) ayaa lagu rakibay BMW: E81 120i, E82 120i, E87 118i, E88 118i, E85 Z4 2.0i, E87 120i, 320i E90i320/91 X320, E92/93 320 E 1 sDrive 84i , X18 3i E2.0 (ilaa 83 - xDrive2008i);
• wax ka beddelka mishiinka gubashada gudaha ee 156 hp (N46B20) ayaa lagu rakibay BMW: 120i E87, 120i E88, 520i E60;
• wax ka beddelka mishiinka gubashada gudaha ee 170 hp (N46NB20) ayaa lagu rakibay BMW: 120i E81 / E87, 320i E90 / E91, 520i E61 / E60.