Honda matoorada madaniga ah

Honda Civic waa wakiil ka mid ah fasalka baabuurta is haysta oo sameeyay waqtigeeda oo keenay shirkadda Honda hoggaamiyeyaasha baabuurta. Bulshada rayidka ah ayaa markii ugu horreysay la tusay dadweynaha sannadkii 1972-kii waxaana la bilaabay in la iibiyo isla sannadkaas.

Jiilka kowaad

Bilawga iibku waxa uu bilaabmay 1972kii. Waxa uu ahaa gaadhi yar oo lugaha hore lagu kaxeeyo oo ka yimi dalka Japan, kaas oo ahaa mid caadi ah oo aan si dhab ah uga dhex muuqan tartanka. Laakiin ka dib, waa Civic, oo noqon doona baabuurkii ugu horeeyay ee wax soo saarka, kaas oo dunida hore oo dhan ka hadli doonaa. Baabuurta qarnigan waxay lahaayeen mashiinka 1,2-litir ee hoostiisa, kaas oo soo saaray 50 hooras, miisaankuna wuxuu ahaa 650 kg oo keliya. Sanduuqa-gear-ka ahaan, iibsadaha waxaa la siiyay mid ka mid ah afar-xawaaraha "makaanikada" ama sanduuqa gear-ka ee Hondamatic oo toos ah.

Ka dib markii la bilaabay iibinta baabuurka, soo-saaruhu wuxuu qaatay dib-u-eegis lagu sameeyo khadka baabuurka. Sidaa darteed, 1973, iibsadaha waxaa la siiyay Honda Civic, kaas oo ku qalabaysan 1,5 litir engine iyo 53 hooras. Kala duwanaansho ama farsamo "shan tallaabo" ayaa lagu rakibay baabuurka. Waxa kale oo jiray “lacag la saaray” Civic RS, kaas oo lahaa mishiin laba qol ka kooban iyo gaadhi istaan ​​qoys ah.

Sannadkii 1974 kii matoorka ayaa la cusboonaysiiyay. Haddii aan ka hadalno awoodda warshadda korantada, markaa korodhku wuxuu ahaa 2 "faras", baabuurkuna sidoo kale wuxuu noqday wax yar. In 1978 version la engine CVCC mar kale la cusboonaysiiyay, hadda awoodda motor this kor u kacay ilaa 60 hooras.

Waxaa xusid mudan in 1975-kii, koongarasyada Mareykanka ay qaateen shuruudo gaar ah oo adag oo adag oo loogu talagalay baabuurta, waxaa soo baxday in Honda Civic oo leh matoor CVCC uu ahaa 100% oo xitaa leh margin adag uu buuxiyo shuruudahan cusub. Waxaas oo dhan, Shicibku ma lahayn wax kicinaya. Baabuurkani waxa uu ahaa ka hor waqtigiisii!

Jiilka labaad

Wadnaha gaarigan Honda Civic waa saldhigga kii hore (jiilka kowaad ee Civic). Sanadkii 1980, Honda waxay soo bandhigtay iibsadaha jiilka cusub ee civic hatchback (bilawga iibka), waxay haysteen unug koronto oo cusub oo CVCC-II (EJ), kaas oo lahaa barakaca 1,3 litir, awoodiisu waxay ahayd 55 "faras", matoorku waxa uu lahaa hab gaar ah oo wax laga beddelay. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay abuureen matoor kale (EM). Aad buu u dheereeyey, xooggeeduna wuxuu gaadhay 67 ciidan, mugga shaqadiisuna waxay ahayd 1,5 litir.

Labadan unug ee tamarta ah waxaa lagu lamaanay saddex sanduuq oo gearbox ah oo laga kala dooranayo: buug afar-xawaaraha leh, buug shan-xawaaraha dheereeya iyo sanduuq cusub oo laba-xawaaraha leh oo ku qalabaysan qalab xad dhaaf ah (sanduuqani waxa uu socday hal sano oo keliya, waxa lagu beddelay saddex-xawaaraha sare ka badan). Dhawr sano ka dib bilawga iibka jiilka labaad, khadka moodeelka waxa lagu kabay baabuurta dhabarka dambe ee gaadhi isteejin qoys oo qol leh (waxa uu lahaa qiimayno iib oo aad u wanaagsan Yurub) iyo gaadhi sedan ah.

Jiilka saddexaad

Qaabku wuxuu lahaa saldhig cusub. Matoorka EV DOHC ee mishiinadan waxa uu lahaa barokaca 1,3 litir (awood 80 "faras"). Laakiin taasi ma ahayn qarnigan oo dhan! Soo saaraha ayaa soo bandhigay 1984-kii nooc la dallacay, kaas oo loo yaqaanay Civic Si. Baabuurtan ayaa daboolka hoostooda ku lahaa 1,5 litir oo DOHC EW ah, kaas oo soo saaray 90 iyo 100 hooras, taas oo ku xidhan joogitaanka/ maqnaanshaha marawaxadaha. Civic Si aad ayey u kortay oo waxay noqotay mid aad ugu dhow heshiiska (kaas oo ka tirsan dabaqad sare).

Jiilka afraad

Maamulka shirkadu waxay dejiyeen hadaf cad oo loogu talagalay injineerada horumarinta ee walaaca Honda. Waxay ahayd in la abuuro matoor gubasho gudaha ah oo wax ku ool ah oo casri ah oo cusub, kaas oo horumar u ahaa Bulshada Rayidka ah. Injineerada ayaa aad u dadaalay oo abuuray!

Jiilkii afraad ee Honda Civic waxaa lagu qalabeeyay warshad koronto oo 16-valve ah, taas oo injineeradu u tixraaceen Hyper. Matoorku wuxuu lahaa shan nooc oo kala duwan hal mar. Barokaca matoorku wuu kala duwanaa 1,3 litir (D13B) ilaa 1,5 litir (D15B). Awoodda motor ka 62 ilaa 92 hooras. Hakintu waxay noqotay madax bannaan, wadaduna way buuxsantay. Waxa kale oo jiray matoor ZC ah oo 1,6 litir ah nooca Civic Si, awoodiisu waxa ay ahayd 130 hooras.

Wax yar ka dib waxaa soo baxay 16 litir oo dheeraad ah engine B1,6A (160 hooras). Suuqyada qaar, matoorkaan waxaa loo bedelay inuu isticmaalo gaaska dabiiciga ah, laakiin calaamada matoorka ayaa isku mid ah: D16A. Marka lagu daro qaabkii hore ee hatchback-ka caadiga ahaa, noocyo ayaa lagu soo saaray jirka baabuurka isteeshinka dhulka oo dhan iyo koofiyad.

Jiilka shanaad

Cabirka baabuurka ayaa mar kale koray. Injineerada shirkadda ayaa mar kale soo gabagabeeyay. Hadda matoorka D13B wuxuu horey u soo saaray 85 hooras. Intaa waxaa dheer in cutubkan awoodda, waxaa jiray matoorada awood badan - waxay ahayd D15B: 91 "faras", mugga shaqada ee 1,5 litir. Intaa waxaa dheer, matoor ayaa la soo bandhigay oo soo saaray 94 hp, 100 hp, iyo 130 "faras".

Soo-saaraha 1993-kii wuxuu bixiyay nooc gaar ah oo gaarigan ah - laba-albaab. Hal sano ka dib, khadka matoorada ayaa la buuxiyey, DOHC VTEC B16A (1,6 l mugga shaqada) ayaa lagu daray, kaas oo soo saaray 155 iyo 170 hp adag. Matooradan ayaa bilaabay in lagu dhejiyo noocyada suuqyada Maraykanka iyo suuqii hore ee aduunka. Suuqyada gudaha ee Japan, Coupe wuxuu lahaa mashiinka D16A, barokaca unugga korantadu wuxuu ahaa 1,6 litir wuxuuna soo saaray 130 hooras.

Sanadkii 1995, Honda waxay soo saartay tobanka milyan ee Honda Civic ee qarnigan. Aduunkii oo dhan ayaa maqlay guushan. Bulshada cusub waxay ahayd mid geesinimo leh oo muuqaal ahaan kala duwan. Waxaa jeclaaday iibsadayaasha, taas oo noqotay mid aad u badan.

Jiilka lixaad

Sannadkii 1996-kii, bulshada rayidka ah ayaa mar kale u soo ban-baxday adduunka oo dhan marka la eego saaxiibtinimada deegaanka. Mar kale waa kan kaliya ee awooday inuu la kulmo waxa loogu yeero "heerarka California" ee qiiqa. Baabuurka qarnigan waxa loo iibiyey shan nooc.

• Dib-u-soo-celinta saddex-albaab;
• Hatchback oo leh shan albaab;
• Coup laba-albaab ah;
• Sedan afar-albaab Classic ah;
• Gaadhiga saldhiga qoyska oo leh shan albaab.

Qayb weyn oo wax soo saarka ah ayaa la siiyay baabuurta la D13B iyo D15B matoorada, kuwaas oo lahaa awood 91 ciidamada (barakaca - 1,3 litir) iyo 105 "faras" (xajmiga engine - 1,5 litir), siday u kala horreeyaan.

Nooc ka mid ah Honda Civic ayaa la soo saaray, kaas oo lahaa magac dheeri ah - Ferio, wuxuu lahaa mashiinka D15B VTEC (awood 130 "mare"). Sannadkii 1999-kii, dib-u-habayn fudud ayaa dhacay, kaas oo saameeyay inta badan jidhka iyo indhaha. Qaar ka mid ah sifooyinka naqshadaynta ee dib u habeynta, mid ayaa si toos ah u soo saari kara sanduuqa gearbox, laga bilaabo wakhtigaas waxay joogsatay nidaam waxayna noqotay heer.

Dhanka Japan, waxay soo saareen koobi leh mishiin D16A (awood 120 hooras ah). Marka laga soo tago warshadan korontada, matoorada B16A (155 iyo 170 hooras) ayaa sidoo kale la soo bandhigay, laakiin ma aysan helin qaybintooda ballaaran ee dadweynaha, sababo macquul ah.

Jiilka toddobaad

Sannadkii 2000, jiil cusub oo hore u ahaa halyeey Honda Civic ayaa la sii daayay. Baabuurka ayaa cabbirka kala wareegay kii ka horreeyay. Laakiin cabbirrada qolalka ayaa si muuqata loogu daray. Iyada oo ay weheliso nakhshad jidh oo cusub, baabuurkani waxa uu helay ganaax casri ah oo MacPherson ah. Matoor ahaan, cutub cusub oo 1,7-litir D17A ah oo awooddiisu tahay 130 hooras ayaa lagu rakibay moodalka. Baabuurta qarnigan ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo saaray matooradii hore ee D15B (105 iyo 115 hooras).

Sannadkii 2002, nooc gaar ah oo Civic Si ah ayaa la sii daayay, waxaa lagu qalabeeyay 160-horsepower engine iyo makaanikada shan-xawaaraha adag ee gaarka ah, kaas oo laga soo amaahday nuqullo dibad-bax ah oo model ah. Hal sano ka dib, isku-dhafka madaniga ah ayaa iib ah, wuxuu lahaa matoor LDA ah oo leh barokaca 1,3 litir oo hoostiisa ah, oo siinaya 86 "faras". Matoorkani waxa uu ku shaqaynayay matoor koronto oo 13-horse ah.

Sannadkii 2004, soo saaraha ayaa sameeyay naqshadaynta jiilka toddobaad ee moodelka, waxay taabatay optics, walxaha jirka, waxayna sidoo kale soo bandhigtay nidaam u oggolaanaya in mishiinka la bilaabo iyada oo aan furaha lahayn (suuqyada moodooyinka qaarkood). Waxaa jiray nooc gaas ah oo loogu talagalay suuqa Japan. Waxay lahayd 17-litir oo D1,7A engine ah (105 hooras).

Jiilka siddeedaad

Sannadkii 2005, waxa loo soo bandhigay dadweynaha. Xikmad gaar ah ayaa ah nadaafad mustaqbalka ah. Sedan qarnigan uma eka sidii hatchback gabi ahaanba. Kuwani waa laba baabuur oo gebi ahaanba kala duwan. Waxay leeyihiin wax kasta oo kala duwan (salon, ganaax, indho-indheyn, shaqo jir). Yurub dhexdeeda, dadka rayidka ah waxaa lagu iibin jiray qaab sedan iyo hatchback (saddex iyo shan albaab). Ma jirin wax hatchbacks ah ee suuqa Maraykanka, coups iyo sedan ayaa la heli karaa. Sedan ee suuqyada Waqooyiga Ameerika way ka duwanaayeen nooca la midka ah ee suuqa Yurub dibadda, laakiin gudaha waxay ahaayeen baabuur isku mid ah.

Sida matoorada, markaa wax walba waa ka sii adag yihiin. Yurub dhexdeeda, bulshada rayidka ah ayaa la soo saaray:

• Hatchback 1,3 litir L13Z1 (83 hooras);
• Hatchback 1,3 litir L13Z1 (100 faras)
• Hatchback 1,8 litir Nooca S R18A2 (140 hooras);
• Hatchback 2,2 litir N22A2 naaftada (140 hooras);
• Hatchback 2 litir K20A Nooca R nooca (201 hooras);
• Sedan 1,3 litir LDA-MF5 (95 hooras);
• Sedan 1,4 litir Hybrid (113 hooras);
• Sedan 1,8 litir R18A1 (140 hooras).

Gudaha USA, waxaa jiray dhowr tareen oo kale oo ku saabsan baabuurta qarnigan:

• Sedan 1,3 litir Hybrid (110 hooras);
• Sedan 1,8 litir R18A2 (140 hooras);
• Sedan 2,0 litir (197 hooras);
• Coupe 1,8 litir R18A2 (140 hooras);
• Coupe 2,0 litir (197 hooras);

Iyo suuqyada Aasiya, qaabka waxaa lagu soo saaray kaliya sedan iyo noocyada soo socda:

• Sedan 1,4 litir Hybrid (95 hooras);
• Sedan 1,8 litir R18A2 (140 hooras);
• Sedan 2,0 litir (155 hooras);
• Sedan 2,0 litir K20A Nooca R nooca (225 hooras).

Hatchback Civic wuxuu la yimid shan-xawaaraha iyo lix-xawaaraha "farsamo", bedel ahaan, robot otomaatig ah ayaa la bixiyay. Laga bilaabo 2009-kii, beddeliyaha torque-ga tooska ah ee shan-xawaaraha tooska ah ayaa lagu daray xariiqda sanduuqyada gearbox (beddelka "robot", kaas oo aan si gaar ah loo iibsan). Sedan ayaa markii hore la heli jiray iyada oo si toos ah hawoorooga loo gudbiyo iyo gudbinta gacanta (shan-xawaaraha iyo lix-xawaaraha). Baabuurka leh mishiinka isku-dhafan waxa la keenay CVT-ga oo keliya.

Sannadkii 2009kii, Bulshada Rayidka ah ayaa dib loo habeeyey, waxay taabatay xoogaa muuqaalka, gudaha iyo heerarka jar jarka baabuurka. Civic 8 waxa uu lahaa nooc ka mid ah Mugen, baabuurkan “kuul” waxa uu ku salaysan yahay nooca bulshada ee ugu awooda badan R. Nooca “kulul” waxa uu lahaa matoorka K20A ee daboolka hoostiisa, kaas oo lagu miiqiyay ilaa 240 hooras, gaadhigu waxa uu ku qalabaysan yahay oo leh 6-xawaaraha caadiga ah "machanics". Nooca waxaa lagu sii daayay daabacaad xaddidan (300 oo xabbo), dhammaan baabuurta ayaa lagu iibiyay 10 daqiiqo gudahood.

Jiilka sagaalaad

2011, wuxuu soo bandhigay bulshada cusub, wuxuu ahaa mid aad u qurux badan muuqaal ahaan. Shilleydeeda birta ah oo dhan, oo isu beddesha indho-indhayn iyo ku darida magaca shirkadda chrome-plated, waa wax ka mid ah farshaxanka naqshadeeyaha baabuurta ee heerka ugu sarreeya.

Baabuurtan waxaa ku rakiban matoorada R18A1 oo leh barakaca 1,8 litir (141 hooras) iyo matoorada R18Z1 oo leh mug isku mid ah iyo 142 hooras. Sidoo kale, wax yar ka dib, mashiinkan ayaa loo sameeyay waxoogaa ka duwan, waxaa lagu calaamadiyay R18Z4, wuxuu lahaa awood isku mid ah (142 hooras), laakiin wax yar ayaa hoos u dhacay isticmaalka shidaalka.

Shaxda dhirta korontada ee lagu rakibay qaabka

Mashiinka	Generations
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
1.2 l, 50 hp	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
CVCC 1.5 l, 53 hp	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
CVCC 1.5 l, 55 hp	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
CVCC 1.5 l, 60 hp	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
EJ 1.5 l, 80 hp	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
EM 1.5 l, 80 hp	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
EV 1.3 л, 80 л.с.	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-
EW 1.5 l, 90 hp	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-
D13B 1.3 l, 82 hp	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-
D13B 1.3 l, 91 hp	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-
D15B 1.5 l, 91 hp	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-
D15B 1.5 l, 94 hp	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-
D15B 1.5 l, 100 hp	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-
D15B 1.5 l, 105 hp	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	-
D15B 1.5 l, 130 hp	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-
D16A 1.6 L, 115 hp.	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-
D16A 1.6 L, 120 hp.	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-
D16A 1.6 L, 130 hp.	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-
B16A 1.6 l, 155 hp.	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-
B16A 1.6 l, 160 hp.	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-
B16A 1.6 l, 170 hp.	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-
ZC 1.6 l, 105 hp	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-
ZC 1.6 l, 120 hp	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-
ZC 1.6 l, 130 hp	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-
D14Z6 1.4 l, 90 hp.	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-
D16V1 1.6 l, 110 hp.	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-
4EE2 1.7 l, 101 hp.	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-
K20A3 2.0 l, 160 hp	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-
LDA 1.3 l, 86 hp	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-
LDA-MF5 1.3 l, 95 hp	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-
R18A2 1.8 l, 140 hp	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-
R18A1 1.8 l, 140 hp	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+
R18A 1.8 l, 140 hp.	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-
R18Z1 1.8 l, 142 hp	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+
K20A 2.0 l, 155 hp	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-
K20A 2.0 l, 201 hp	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-
N22A2 2.2 l, 140 hp	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-
L13Z1 1.3 L, 100 hp.	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-
R18Z4 1.8 l, 142 hp	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+

Reviews

Jiil kasta oo laga hadlo, dib u eegisyadu had iyo jeer waa ammaan. Tani waa tayada dhabta ah ee Japan. Intaa waxaa dheer, Honda had iyo jeer waa tallaabo ka sareysa dhammaan tartamayaasha Japan. Tani waa tayo aad u fiican, qaybaha ugu muhiimsan, iyo gudaha.

Waanu ka heli kari waynay xog ku saabsan dhibaatooyinka nidaamsan ee mishiinada ama sanduuqyada gearbox ee muwaadinka qarni kasta. Waxaa jira dib u eegis aan fiicneyn oo naadir ah oo ku saabsan shaqada kala duwanaanshaha ama robot-ka tooska ah, laakiin waxay u muuqataa in tani ay tahay dhibaatada mashiinnada gaarka ah ee si liidata loo dayactiray, halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen "nabarrada carruurta" ee jiilka oo dhan. Sidoo kale, darawaliinta Ruushku waxay mararka qaarkood ku canaananayaan bambarrada hore ee hoose ee dusha sare ee moodooyinka casriga ah ee Madaniga ah. Dulqaadyadani uma dulqaadanayaan waddooyinka ciriiriga ah ee magaalooyinka Ruushka.

Birta dadka Rayidka ah dhaqan ahaan waa mid tayo sare leh, baabuurtu si fiican ayey uga hortagtaa daxalka. Minuses-yada, maaha qaybaha ugu jaban ee moodooyinka jiilasha oo dhan (gaar ahaan kuwa ugu dambeeyay) waa la xusi karaa, laakiin isbeddelkan ayaa ka muuqda qaar badan oo ka mid ah baabuurta. Khasaaraha kale ee guud ahaan Honda oo dhan waa ka tagista xafiiska wakiilka rasmiga ah ee shirkadda ee suuqa Ruushka. Tani waxay dharbaaxo ku tahay dhammaan dadka jecel astaanta dalkeena. Laakiin waxaan rajeynayaa in tani ay tahay ku meel gaar.

Sida doorashada baabuurka, way adag tahay in la siiyo talo. Dooro ku salaysan dhadhankaaga iyo awoodahaaga dhaqaale.