Darawalada Toyota Harrier
Tusmo
Saddex sano ka hor dhammaadkii qarnigii 300aad, shirkadda Toyota Motor Corporation waxay soo bandhigtay baabuur cusub darawallada. Loo yaqaan dhammaan "adduunka wadista gacanta midig" sida Lexus RXXNUMX, gudaha Japan waxaa lagu calaamadiyay Harrier. Kani waa SUV-ga dhex-dhexaadka ah (gaadiidka ciyaaraha) - gaadhi rakaab ah oo woqooyiga Ameerika ah oo si fudud loo isticmaalo. Waad ku mahadsan tahay qaybta ugu sareysa ee dahaarka dhawaaqa, waxay la siman tahay sedans fasalka ganacsiga.
Taariikhda abuurka iyo wax soo saarka
Run ahaantii ma ahaan SUV-ga, Harrier, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa uu leeyahay cayrin madax-banaan iyo qaanso aan naxdin lahayn. Wax ka beddelka matoorada saddex-litir ah, marka lagu daro, nidaamka Motion Control Engine Active ayaa lagu rakibay.
- Jiilka 1-aad (1997-2003).
Noocyadii ugu horreeyay ee isdhaafka ayaa lagu kala soocay heerar kala duwan oo gooyayn. Baabuurta ayaa la soo saaray hore ama dhammaan taayirrada, oo leh afar-xawaaraha tooska ah. Matoorka 2,2-litir ee saldhigga ah wuxuu socday saddex sano, isagoo siinaya 2000 kii ugu awoodda badnaa 2,4-litir. Jiilkii kowaad oo dhan wuxuu socday engine kale, saddex-litir V6. Jidhka dib u habaynta ka dib isma bedelin. Naqshadeynta nalka hore iyo firileyda ayaa xoogaa isbeddelay.
- Jiilka 2-aad (2004-2013).
Muddo sagaal sano ah, baabuurku wuxuu ku dhacay isbeddello kala duwan dhowr jeer. Horumarka ugu weyni wuxuu khuseeyaa warshadda korontada. V6 oo leh mug dhan 3,0 litir. waxaa lagu bedelay matoor 3,5 litir ah oo ka xoog badan. Wuxuu awooday inuu horumariyo awood 280 hp ah. Ka dib hab-dhaqanka caalamiga ah, 2005-tii Toyota waxa ay suuqa soo galisay qalab isku-dhafan, warshadda korontada oo ay ka mid tahay mishiin shidaal oo 3,3 litir ah, matoor koronto ah iyo CVT.
- Jiilka 3aad (ilaa 2013).
Madaxda Toyota ma aysan samayn Harrier-ka cusub nooca dhoofinta. Waxa kaliya oo lagu iibsan karaa Japan. Baabuurtan badankoodu waxay degaan jasiiradaha, Bariga Fog ee Federaalka Ruushka iyo dalalka Koonfur-bari Aasiya. Nooca aasaasiga ah wuxuu ku qalabaysan yahay matoor horumariya 151 hp. (2,0 l.), Iyo kala duwanaansho la'aan. Isku-dhafka ayaa "laga jaray" laga bilaabo 3,3 ilaa 2,5 litir, hoos u dhigista awoodda ilaa 197 hp. Baabuurka waxa ay heli karaan macaamiishu kaliya nooca ay wataan darawalka taayirrada oo dhan iyo kala duwanaanshiyaha xarunta qufulka tooska ah.
Laga soo bilaabo bilowgii wax soo saarka, Harrier wuxuu xasuusiyaa adduunka baabuurta eey xoog badan oo qurux badan. Dhammaan faahfaahinta ku jirta waxaa loo hagaajiyay si fiican oo nadiif ah. Waddada, baabuurka wuxuu muujinayaa maarayn heer sare ah iyo firfircooni xagga dardargelinta / bareegga. Nadiifinta dhulka sare iyo cabbirka taayirrada weyn ayaa kuu oggolaanaya inaad u isticmaasho waddooyinka Ruushka sida baabuur ka baxsan waddada.
Matoorada Toyota Harrier
Muuqaal gaar ah oo ka mid ah noocyada qaaliga ah ee noocyada kala duwan ee Toyota waa xulashada aadka saxda ah ee matoorada. Liiska waxaa lagu gartaa tiro aad u yar oo awood leh, unugyo la isku halayn karo. Intooda badan waxay diiradda saarayaan matoorada lix-dhululubo leh oo barokac weyn leh. In ka badan 20 sano ee wax soo saarka Harrier, kaliya siddeed matoorada taxane ah ayaa loo diyaariyey iyaga: dhammaan shidaalka, aan turbochargers. Sida isgoysyo kale oo badan, ma jiraan naafto ku jira safka matoorka Harrier.
| Calaamadayn | Nooca | Mugga, cm 3 | Awoodda ugu badan, kW / hp | Nidaamka Awoodda |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1MZ-FE | batrool | 2994 | 162/220 | DOHC |
| 5S-FE | -: - | 2164 | 103/140 | DOHC, Twin-cam |
| 2AZ-FE | -: - | 2362 | 118/160 | DOHC |
| 2GR-FE | -: - | 3456 | 206/280 | -: - |
| 3MZ-FE | -: - | 3310 | 155/211 | DOHC |
| 2AR-FXE | -: - | 2493 | 112/152 | irbad la qaybiyey |
| 3ZR-FAE | -: - | 1986 | 111/151 | duritaanka elektarooniga ah |
| 8AR-FTS | -: - | 1998 | 170/231 | DOHC |
Sida had iyo jeer, matoorada Toyota waxay muujinayaan is-beddel heer sare ah: liiska moodooyinka lagu rakibay khadka Harrier ee matoorada gubashada gudaha waxaa ka mid ah 34 unug. Inta badan, 2AZ-FE ayaa la isticmaalay - 15 jeer. Laakiin matoorka 8AR-FTS, marka laga reebo Harrier, waxaa lagu rakibay kaliya Crown.
| Mashiinka | 1MZ-FE | 5S-FE | 2AZ-FE | 2GR-FE | 3MZ-FE | 2AR-FXE | 3ZR-FAE | 8AR-FTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allion | * | |||||||
| alphard | * | * | * | * | ||||
| Avalon | * | * | * | |||||
| Avensis | * | |||||||
| daab | * | * | ||||||
| C-HR | * | |||||||
| Camry | * | * | * | * | * | * | ||
| Camry Grace | * | |||||||
| celica | * | |||||||
| Corolla | * | |||||||
| Crown | * | |||||||
| Esteem | * | * | * | |||||
| Esquire | * | |||||||
| Xariirad | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * |
| Highlander | * | * | * | * | ||||
| Ipsum | * | |||||||
| Isis | * | |||||||
| Kluger V | * | * | * | |||||
| Mark II Wagon Tayada | * | * | ||||||
| Mark II X Adeer | * | * | ||||||
| Matrix | * | |||||||
| Nuux | * | |||||||
| Abaalmarinta | * | |||||||
| Milkiilaha | * | |||||||
| Aaladda 4 | * | * | * | |||||
| Usha | * | |||||||
| Sienna | * | * | * | |||||
| Cadceedda | * | * | * | * | ||||
| Vanguard | * | * | ||||||
| Dab-damiska | * | * | * | |||||
| Garaac | * | |||||||
| Voxy | * | |||||||
| Dabaysha | * | |||||||
| jeclaan | * | |||||||
| Wadarta: | 12 | 7 | 15 | 13 | 6 | 5 | 11 | 2 |
Matoorka ugu caansan baabuurta Harrier
In ka badan kuwa kale, in ka badan 30 nooc oo kala duwan midkiiba, laba matoor ayaa la rakibay:
- 1MZ-FE.
Matoorka ugu horreeya ee taxanaha MZ waxaa loogu talagalay sidii 3 litir V6 oo leh mataano-camshafts. Waxay ahayd beddelka cutubyadii taxanaha ahaa ee VZ ee duugoobay. 1996, kooxda horumarinta waxaa la siiyay Ward's 10-ka Matoorada ugu Wanaagsan. In engine ah 220 hp. Waxaa la isticmaalaa laba-jidka ceejinta. Qaybaha qaadashada hal-xabo waxa ay ka samaysan tahay aluminium.
Laba nooc oo unug koronto ah ayaa la isticmaalaa. Midka kowaad wuxuu la socdaa VVTi waalka habeeyaha wakhtiga lagu rakibay meesha laga soo galo. Nooca labaad wuxuu isticmaalaa chokes nooca elektarooniga ah.
U gudubka matoorada dhaqaale iyo kuwa casriga ah ee dabayaaqadii 90aadkii qarnigii XX waxaa bilaabay Toyota Corporation sababtoo ah liis cajiib ah oo cabashooyinka isticmaalaha:
- ka dib markii uu orday 200 kun oo km. isticmaalka saliidda ayaa si aad ah u kordha;
- kalsoonida hoose ee dareemayaasha garaaca;
- "dabaasha" kacaannada sababtoo ah wasakheynta degdega ah ee nidaamiyaha wajiga;
- samaynta lakab muhiim ah oo danbas ah oo ku yaal darbiyada qaadashada iyo qiiqa badan.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xitaa iyada oo liiska dheer ee cilladaha, matoorku wuxuu ka mid ahaa tobanka ugu sarreeya adduunka ee fasalkiisa. Mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinkeeda ugu muhiimsan waa buuq la'aanta iyo kalsoonida shaqada.
- 3ZR-FAE.
Matoorka labaad ee loogu isticmaalka badan yahay nooca wada-wheel wadista ee Harrier crossover. Waxa lagu rakibay 30 habayn oo kala duwan. Mid ka mid ah cutubyada ugu horumarsan ee baabuurta tobankii sano ee labaad ee qarniga cusub ayaa la qorsheeyay 2008. Muuqaal gaar ah oo ka mid ah moodelku waa joogitaanka laba nidaam oo kala duwan oo lagu beddelayo wakhtiga waalka - Valtematic iyo DualVVTi. Ujeedada isticmaalka naqshadda cusub waa in la kordhiyo nolosha noocyada kala duwan ee qaadashada iyo kor u qaadida isticmaalka shidaalka.
Iyada oo la kaashanayo unug elektaroonig ah oo naqshad cusub ah, injineeradu waxay qorsheeyeen inay ka dhigaan habka beddelka wiishka matoorka mid jilicsan. Siyaabo kale oo lagu wanaajin karo waxqabadka mootada waxay ahayd in la wanaajiyo naqshadaynta shaftada iyo magdhowga haydarooliga.
In kasta oo nakhshad horumarsan la sameeyay, liiska xulashada khaladaadka mishiinka ayaa ka buuxa cabashooyinka soo noqnoqda:
- saliid "zhor" dhaqanka. Goobaha shirarka, darawaladu waxay qabanqaabiyeen tartan loogu talagalay qofka tiradan ka sarreeya marka loo eego 1000 km. orod;
- guuldarrooyinka soo noqnoqda ee qaybta elektiroonigga ah ee Valtematic;
- fashilka bamka ka dib konton kun oo kiilomitir oo dhaawac ah oo ku saabsan xawaaraha;
- coking degdega ah ee darbiyada kala duwan ee qaadashada, muuqaalka kore ee kacdoonada "sababayn".
Laakiin kalsoonida shaqada ee tayada ku habboon iyo inta jeer ee imtixaannada ka hortagga ah maaha mid lagu qanci karo. 300 kun oo km. si degan ayay u gudubtaa.
Doorashada matoorka ugu fiican ee Harrier
Doorashada ikhtiyaarka tamarta ugu fiican ee Toyota Harrier SUV waa dood caadi ah oo u dhaxaysa awoodda iyo taxadar la'aanta hal dhinac, iyo faa'iidada dhinaca kale. Darawalka doonaya inuu si firfircoon ugu isticmaalo isgoysyadan qabow sida SUV si dhakhso ah ayuu u "dili doonaa" mishiin kasta, xitaa kan ugu adag. Sidaa darteed, waa in laga gudbo mabda'a "macnaha dahabiga ah". Tan iyo, sida laga soo xigtay aqoonsiga guud ee kuwa si firfircoon loo isticmaalo Harrier matoorada kala duwan, 2,2-2,4 litir. Run ahaantii kuma filna isaga, waxaad joojin kartaa doorashada mashiinka 3,3-litir ee 3MZ-FE.
Tani waa nooca la hagaajiyay ee wakiilladii hore ee taxanaha - 1MZ-FE iyo 2MZ-FE. Marka lagu daro VVTi kontaroolaha wakhtiga waalka elektarooniga ah ee sida caadiga ah loogu rakibay meesha laga soo galo, ETCSi elektarooniga ceejinta valve iyo dhererka doorsooma ayaa loo isticmaalay naqshadaynta injiinka.
Faa'iidada weyn ee mishiinkani waa qiimihiisii hoose marka loo eego cutubyada kale ee Toyota sanadahaas. Qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee cutubyada iyo qaybaha waxaa laga soo tuuray aluminium iftiin ah oo waara. Bisitoonada tuura waxaa lagu dahaadhay iskudarka polymer-ka ka-horjeeda si loo kordhiyo nolosha adeegga.
Furayaasha waxaa loo qaabeeyey si haddii suunka waqtigu jabo, suurtagalnimada isku dhaca ay piston-yadu aad ayey u yar tahay.
Inta u dhaxaysa adeegga matoorku waa 15 kun oo km. Inta lagu jiro baaritaanka ka hortagga, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la sameeyo:
- hubi daadinta saliidda;
- ogaanshaha kombiyuutarka;
- beddelka walxaha filter hawada (1 mar 20 kun km);
- nadiifinta sanka.
Kuwa isticmaalay noocyada dambe ee mishiinka ayaa qadariyay hagaajinta naqshadaynta weyn. Si loo hagaajiyo hawlgalka nidaamka qarxinta, dareeraha fidsan ee naqshad cusub ayaa la rakibay. Khayraadka habka qaybinta gaaska ayaa aad uga sarreeya kan moodooyinka duugga ah, sababtoo ah isticmaalka birta ee soo saarista camshafts.
Liistada cilladaheeda waa mid aad u gaaban - shidaal badan iyo isticmaalka saliidda. Guud ahaan, mishiinka lix-dhululubo ee 3MZ-FE V-qaabeeya ayaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah kuwa loogu kalsoonaan karo qarnigan cusub. Waxaa jira hal kaliya "laakin: Harrier oo leh mishiinka 3MZ-FE, sida kuwa kale ee isdhaafka ah, ayaa aad u doorta qaabka wadista. Saxmadda magaalooyinka, isticmaalka shidaalka ayaa kor u kaca ilaa 22 litir / 100 km.
