Toyota Ractis matoorada
Tusmo
Suuqa baabuurta caalamiga ah, baabuurta lagu soo ururiyo dhirta shirkadda baabuurta Japan ee Toyota Motor Corporation ayaa aad caan u ah, taas oo hadda siisa iibsadayaasha suurtagalka ah in ka badan 70 nooc oo noocyo kala duwan oo baabuurta rakaabka ah oo ku qalabaysan matoorada naqshadeeda gaarka ah. Waxaa ka mid ah noocyadan, meel gaar ah waxaa ku jira baabuurta is haysta ee fasalka "Small MPV" (van subcompact van), wax soo saarka kaas oo shirkadu bilowday ka dib markii ay soo bandhigtay baabuurkii ugu horeeyay ee baabuurta ee Tokyo iyo Frankfurt am Main 1997.
Qaabkan, oo lagu dhisay madal Yaris, ayaa calaamad u ahayd bilawga dhammaan noocyada moodooyinka la midka ah, oo ay ka mid yihiin:
- Toyota Fun Sargo (1997, 1990);
- Toyota Yaris Verso (2000);
- Toyona Yaris T Sport (2000);
- Toyota Yaris D-4D (2002);
- Toyota Corolla (2005, 2010);
- Toyota Yaris Verso-S (2011).
Toyota Ractis. Tamashlaha taariikhda
Samaynta gaadhiga Toyota Ractis-hoosaadka waxa sababay baahida loo qabo in la beddelo Toyota Yaris Verso, taas oo aan caan ka ahayn Yurub. Qaabkan waxa lagu dhisay madal NCP60 aad u horumarsan waxaana lagu qalabeeyay 2SZ-FE (1300 cc, 87 hp) iyo 1NZ-FE (1500 cc, 105 ama 110 hp).
Isla mar ahaantaana, baabuurta hore ee taayirrada hore waxaa la isugu geeyey Super CVT-i CVTs, iyo dhammaan baabuurta wadayaasha taayirrada leh waxaa lagu daray afar-xawaaraha Super ECT si toos ah.
Jiilkii ugu horreeyay ee Toyota Ractis waxa uu ahaa baabuurka gacanta midig waxaana kaliya la keenay suuqa gudaha ee Japan, iyo sidoo kale Hong Kong, Singapore iyo Macau. Iyagoo ku qanacsan tartanka baabuurta cusub, maamulka shirkaddu waxay go'aansadeen in marka hore la sameeyo restyling (2007), ka dibna horumarinta jiilkeeda labaad (2010).
Jiilka labaad ee Toyota Ractis-hoosaadka van ayaa la keenay ma ahan oo keliya suuqa Bariga Fog, laakiin sidoo kale wadamada Yurub iyo Ameerika.
Nooca aasaasiga ah ee baabuurka ayaa hadda ku qalabaysan matoorada shidaalka oo leh awood qiyaastii 99 hp. (1300 cc) ama 105 ... 110 hp (1500 cc), oo ma aha oo kaliya moodooyinka hore iyo kuwa taayirrada oo dhan ayaa la isku geyn karaa ugu dambeyn.
Toyota Ractis matoorada
Gaadhiga hoose ee Toyota Ractis ee wax ka beddello kala duwan ayaa la soo saaray in ka badan 10 sano. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan, baabuurka waxaa lagu qalabeeyay labada qaybood ee tamarta shidaalka iyo naaftada oo leh awood dhululubo:
- 1,3 l - shidaalka: 2SZ-FE (2005 ... 2010), 1NR-FE (2010 ... 2014), 1NR-FKE (2014 ...);
- 1,4 l - naaftada 1ND-TV (2010 ...);
- 1,5 l - shidaalka 1NZ-FE (2005 ...).
Matoorada baabuurta ee lagu ururiyo warshadaha Toyota Motor Corporation waxaa lagu kala soocaa shaqo tayo sare leh iyo isku halaynta shaqada. Waxaa ku filan in la yiraahdo, sida ay qabaan khubarada Ruushku, xitaa matoorka Toyota ee aan lagu guulaysan ayaa aad uga kalsooni badan inta badan matoorada gudaha. Tani waxay si buuxda u khusaysaa unugyada korontada, kuwaas oo wakhtiyo kala duwan loo isticmaalay isku geynta gaariga Toyota Ractis.
Matoorada shidaalka
Dhammaan matoorada shidaalka ee lagu rakibay baabuurta Toyota Ractis lineup, marka laga reebo qaybta korantada 2SZ-FE, waxay ka tirsan yihiin jiilka saddexaad ee matoorada Japan, kuwaas oo ku kala duwan isticmaalka:
- la tuuri karo (aan la hagaajin karin) alwaaxyo khafiif ah oo dahaaran oo silsilado ah;
- Nooca nidaamka xakamaynta wakhtiga waalka "smart" VVT-i;
- Habka qaybinta gaaska (waqtiga) oo leh silsilad baabuur;
- ETCS hababka xakamaynta ceejinta elektarooniga ah.
Intaa waxaa dheer, dhammaan mishiinnada shidaalka ee lagu qalabeeyay baabuurta Toyota Raktis ayaa sidoo kale lagu gartaa waxtarka sare. Isticmaalka shidaalka hoose ee dhammaan hababka ku shaqeeya matoorka waxaa lagu hubiyaa:
- isticmaalka nidaamka duritaanka shidaalka elektarooniga ah (xaraf E ee magaca engine);
- muddada ugu fiican ee furitaanka qaadashada iyo qiiqa valves ee wakhtiga (xaraf F ee magaca engine).
Matoorka 2SZ-FE
Matoorka 2SZ-FE waa nooc ka mid ah mowjadaha labaad iyo saddexaad ee unug koronto oo ay wakhtigaas sameeyeen naqshadeeyayaasha Toyota Motor Corporation. Matooradan, waxay ku guuleysteen inay sii hayaan sifooyinka naqshadihii hore, muuqaal sifo ah oo ka mid ah blocks-birta-birta. Baloogyada dhululubada noocan oo kale ah waxay lahaayeen xad ku filan oo xoog ah iyo agab si loo hubiyo, haddii loo baahdo, dib-u-habayn buuxda oo ah unugga korantada.
Intaa waxaa dheer, kulaylka xad-dhaafka ah ee ka dhashay istaroogga dheer ee pistons-ka ayaa si wax ku ool ah u nuugay guryaha weyn ee dhululubada, kaas oo gacan ka geystay ilaalinta nidaamka kulaylka ugu fiican ee matoorka guud ahaan.
Waxaa ka mid ah cilladaha mashiinka 2SZ-FE, khubaradu waxay xusaan naqshadeynta waqtiga aan lagu guuleysan, taas oo la xiriirta:
- joogitaanka laba dampers silsilad;
- dareenka korodhka ee silsiladaha silsiladaha tayada saliidda;
- boodboodka silsiladda lamellar Morse oo ay weheliyaan jiiditaannada marka ay yara daciifto, taas oo markaa keenta in ay la xiriiraan (saameyn) pistons iyo valves inta lagu jiro hawlgalka iyo fashilka dambe.
Intaa waxaa dheer, lugaha gaarka ah ee ku yaal guryaha blocks ee dhululubada ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu xiro lifaaqyada, taas oo xoogaa adkeynaysa isticmaalka qalab midaysan.
Matoorada taxanaha NR iyo NZ
Sannado kala duwan, matoorada 1NR-FE ama 1NR-FKE oo leh awood dhululubo ah 1,3 litir ayaa lagu rakibay baabuurta nooca Toyota Ractis ee sanadaha kala duwan. Mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waxa uu ku qalabaysan yahay suunka wakhtiga DOHC (2 camshafts iyo 4 valves per cylinder) iyo hababka baabuurta ee asalka ah:
- Jooji & Bilow, kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad si toos ah u joojiso mishiinka, ka dibna, haddii loo baahdo, dib u bilow. Nidaamka noocan oo kale ah wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa inaad ka badbaadiso 5 ilaa 10% shidaalka markaad ka shaqaynayso baabuur gudaha magaalo-madaxda ah;
- nooca Dual VVT-i (1NR-FE) ama VVT-iE (1NR-FKE), kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad si toos ah u bedesho wakhtiga waalka.
Unugga korantada ee 1NR-FE waa mishiinka taxanaha NR ee ugu caansan. Waxa loo nashqadeeyey iyadoo la adeegsanayo tignoolajiyada ugu horumarsan ee Toyota injineernimada wakhtigaas. Qaybta muhiimka ah ee mishiinkani waa naqshadaynta pistons-keeda, oogada xoqitaanka taas oo ka kooban ceramides kaarboon.
Isticmaalkooda ayaa loo oggolaaday inuu yareeyo cabbirada joomatari iyo culeyska piston kasta.
Matoorka 1NR-FKE ee ka xoog badan, oo la sameeyay 2014, wuu ka duwan yahay kii ka horreeyay isagoo isticmaalaya wareegga dhaqaalaha ee Atkinson (2da ugu horreeya ee istaroogga ayaa ka gaaban 2 kale) oo leh saamiga cadaadiska sare.
Qiyaasaha farsamada ee matoorada Toyota Ractis oo leh awood dhululubo ah 1,3 litir.
Matoorka 1NZ-FE waa naqshad caadi ah oo ah unug koronto oo leh awood dhululubo ah 1,5 litir. Balooggeeda dhululubo wuxuu ka samaysan yahay aluminium wuxuuna ku qalabaysan yahay:
- Nooca wakhtiga mataanaha ah ee DOHC (4 valves per cylinder);
- hagaajinta (jiilka 2aad) nidaamka wakhtiga waalka doorsooma.
Dhammaan tani waxay u oggolaanaysaa matoorku inuu kobciyo awoodda ilaa 110 hp.
Qiyaasaha farsamada ee matoorka 1NZ-FE 1,5 litir.
Naaftada engine 1ND-TV
Matoorka 1ND-TV waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah matoorada naaftada yar yar ee ugu fiican adduunka. Waa ficil ahaan ka maqan cilladaha naqshadeynta isla mar ahaantaana way fududahay in la dayactiro. Waxay ka tirsan tahay mowjadda saddexaad ee unug koronto oo ay sameeyeen injineerada Toyota Motor Corporation qeybtii labaad ee 90-meeyadii qarnigii la soo dhaafay.
Matoorka 1ND-TV waxa uu ku salaysnaa baloog gacma-gacmeed leh oo leh jaakad qaboojin furan, oo ka samaysan walxo khafiif ah. Matoorkani waxa uu ku qalabaysan yahay marawaxadaha VGT iyo habka qaybinta gaaska nooca SOHC oo leh laba valves per cylinder.
Markii hore, matoorka waxaa lagu qalabeeyay nidaamka duritaanka shidaalka tooska ah ee Tareenka Caadiga ah oo leh mudadaha Bosch ee fudud oo la isku halayn karo.
Xalkani waxa uu suurtageliyay in mishiinka laga badbaadiyo tiro dhibaatooyin ah oo lagu garto unugyada tamarta naaftada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib (2005) Injectors Bosch ayaa lagu bedelay Denso casri ah, iyo xitaa ka dib - oo leh nooc piezoelectric injectors. Intaa waxaa dheer, sannadkii 2008, mishiinka filter qayb naafto ah ayaa lagu rakibay. Nasiib darro, dhammaan hal-abuurkan ayaa saameyn xun ku yeeshay isku halaynta iyo cimri dhererka cutubkan awoodda.
Qiyaasaha farsamada ee matoorka 1ND-TV 1,4 l.
