Imtixaanka taayirka xagaaga ADAC. Ma la heli karaa hal guuleyste?
Waxay leedahay "xakameyn" heer sare ah oo ku taal laami qalalan, waxayna sidoo kale si fiican ula qabsataa ka saarista biyaha sagxadaha qoyan. Waa maxay taayirrada xagaaga ee ugu dhow ugu habboon? Khubarada ADAC ayaa tan xaqiijiyay.
Gu'gu wuxuu socday dhowr maalmood, in kasta oo heerkulka iyo xaaladaha cimiladu midna aysan tani muujin. La yaab ma leh, inta badan darawalada weli ma beddelin taayirrada jiilaalka ilaa xagaaga. Iyadoo la tixgelinayo in latitudesyada barafku uu dhaco xitaa Abriil (iyo May waxay noqon kartaa caddaan, sida caddaynta 2011), go'aamada noocan oo kale ah ayaa si dhib leh loogu yeeri karaa taxadar la'aan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma jiraan wax kaa joojinaya inaad ka fikirto iibsashada taayir cusub. Arrinkan, natiijooyinka imtixaannada ay sameeyeen Naadiga Baabuurta Jarmal ee ADAC ayaa laga yaabaa inay waxtar yeeshaan. Laba cabbir oo taayir ah ayaa la bixiyay: 195/65 R15 91V baabuurta is haysta iyo 215/65 R 16 H SUVs.
Shan qaybood
Taayirada waxaa lagu qiimeeyay shan qaybood: wadista qalalan, wadista qoyan, buuqa, dhaqaalaha shidaalka (iska caabinta duubista) iyo adkeysiga. Marka laga reebo cabbirka xirashada, dhammaan tijaabooyinka waxaa lagu fuliyay dhul caddaynaya oo xiran. Badeeco kasta si aan kala sooc lahayn ayaa loo qoondeeyay nambar si ay daraasadda uga dhigto mid aan la magacaabin.
Marka laga hadlayo waxqabadka wadista qalalan, fiiro gaar ah ayaa la siiyay, gaar ahaan, kor: dhaqanka guud ee taayirka ee xariiq toosan, jawaabta isteerinka, badbaadada geesaha iyo isbeddelka raadraaca. Natiijooyinka bareegga ABS ee laga bilaabo 100 km/h ilaa 1 km/saacadiiba waa muhiim.
Tifaftirayaashu waxay ku talinayaan:
800 km oo hal haan shidaal ah. Suurtagal ma tahay?
Shatiga darawalnimada. Isbeddel dheeri ah oo lagu sameeyo musharixiinta
Waxaa loo adeegsaday Kia Soul. Faa'iidada iyo khasaaraha
Markay timaaddo hab-dhaqanka taayirrada ee meelaha qoyan, waxay ku saabsanayd ku wadida goobabinta xawliga ugu badan ee suurtogalka ah (waqtiga wadista waa la cabbiray, darawalka imtixaanku wuxuu si maangal ah u qiimeeyay sida baabuurka u dhaqmayo - oo ay ku jiraan inuu leeyahay u janjeera inuu hoos u dhaco ama isteerinka sare), sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee suurtogalka ah u gudba (haddii ay suurtogal tahay) waddo qoyan, dabaylaysan oo dhererkeedu yahay 1900 m (beegyada ayaa la mid ah kuwa sare). Sidoo kale waxaa lagu qiimeeyay in bareegga lagu gooyo 80 km/h ilaa 20 km/saacadii iyadoo la saarayo laamiyada iyo laamiyada shubka ah ( biriiggu wuxuu ku bilowday 85 km/saacaddii, masaafadana waxaa lagu qiyaasaa inuu gaaro 80 km/saacaddii) iyo dhererka aquaplaning (xawaaraha uu lakabku ku socdo). biyaha, taayirrada hore ee siibanaya waxay ka badan yihiin 15% - qiimaha ka dhalanaya faraqa u dhexeeya xawaaraha dhabta ah ee baabuurka iyo kan ay tahay inuu lahaado ee la xidhiidha xawaaraha taayirrada) iyo hydroplaning lateral (dardargelinta lateral taasoo ka dhalatay kororka xagasha. Xawaaraha ka socda 65 km / h ilaa 95 km / h 5 kiiloomitir kasta markaad ku wado waddo wareeg ah 200 m oo leh barkad biyo qoto dheer oo 20 m ah oo qoto dheer 7 mm; habdhaqanka baabuurka marka uu bilaabo inuu ku boodboodo ka dib markii uu dhaafo xadka dardargelinta taayirkan sidoo kale waa la tixgeliyaa). Braking waxaa lagu sameeyay tareen gaar ah oo ka hortagaya leexinta jidka. Faa'iidada naqshadeynta ayaa ah in cabbir kasta lagu soo celin karo xaalado isku mid ah.
Tijaabada sawaxanku waxay qiimeeyeen qaylada taayirka labadaba gudaha baabuurka (aragtida mawqifka ah ee laba qof oo fadhiya gudaha markay ku wadaan 80 km / h iyo 20 km / h) iyo bannaanka ( sawaxan isku dhafan sida waafaqsan ISO 362 ee laamiga buuxinaya shuruudaha ISO 108 ). 44 isagoo ku socda 80 km/h iyadoo matoorku uu dansan yahay). Tijaabooyinka isticmaalka shidaalka ayaa ka koobnaa in lagu wado masaafo 2 km ah saddex jeer iyadoo lagu wado xawaare joogta ah oo ah 100 km/saacadii iyo cabirka isticmaalka shidaalka.
Cabbirrada xirashada taayirka ayaa inta badan la sameeyay markii lagu dhex waday kolonyo dhowr baabuur oo isku mid ah oo ku sugnaa agagaarka Landsberg am Lech masaafo dhan 15 kun oo kilomitir. km (40% masaafada lagu daboolay wadooyinka waaweyn ee xawaaraha ilaa 150 km/h). 5 kiiloomitir kasta, taayirrada waxaa loo diri jiray kursi tijaabo ah, halkaas oo qoto dheer ee lagu tumanayo lagu qiyaasay 7 dhibcood oo ku wareegsan wareegga taayirka iyadoo la adeegsanayo qalabka laysarka. Intaa waxaa dheer, tijaabooyinka xirashada ayaa lagu sameeyay shaybaarada Bridgestone.
Dhibcaha ugu dambeeya, ie.
Marka la eego qiimeynta kama dambaysta ah, waa in la tixgeliyo in ay tahay natiijada qiimeynta ugu xun ee mid ka mid ah shuruudaha ugu muhiimsan: " dusha qalalan ", "korka qoyan", "isticmaalka shidaalka" iyo "iska caabbinta xirashada". Tusaale ahaan, haddii taayirku uu 2,0 ku keeno saddex ka mid ah afarta shuruudood iyo mid keliya (2,6), dhibcaha ugu dambeeya kama sarreyn karo 2,6. Si kale haddii loo dhigo: shuruudaha keentay hoos u dhaca deebaajiga waxaa loo qoondeeyay miisaan 100% ah, inta soo hartay 0%. Tani waa si loo hubiyo in taayirada kaliya ee buuxiya shuruudaha la cayimay ee dhammaan shuruudaha ay ka helaan qiimeyn wanaagsan iyo talada ADAC. Taayirada "xoog leh" ma laha fursad ay ku helaan calaamado sare oo keliya xuduudaha qaarkood, haddii isla mar ahaantaana ay muujiyaan cillado muuqda oo ku saabsan shuruudaha kale.
Marka deebaajiga lagu dhimo qaar badan oo ka mid ah shuruudaha ugu muhiimsan, dhibcaha ugu dambeeya waxaa laga dejiyaa buundooyinka ugu liita. Tusaale ahaan, haddii qaabka taayirka uu keeno 2,0 laba ka mid ah lixda shuruudood ee ugu muhiimsan, 2,6 hal iyo 2,7 dhinaca kale, dhibcaha guud kama badnaan karaan 2,7. Habkan lagu go'aaminayo natiijada kama dambaysta ah waxaa loogu talagalay in looga hortago in taayirka uu leeyahay hal ama in ka badan oo khasaare ah si uu u magdhabo khasaarooyinkan oo leh faa'iidooyin cad oo ku saabsan shuruudaha kale ee muhiimka ah. Waa in la ogaadaa in heerka "qeylada" aan lagu xisaabtamin habkan lagu go'aaminayo fasalka ugu dambeeya.
Gaadhi is haysta
Heerka taayirrada loogu talagalay baabuurta sida VW Golf (kaas oo la tijaabiyay), Ford Focus ama Renault Megane, 16 nooc ayaa la tijaabiyay. Shan "wanaagsan", toban "ku qanacsan" iyo hal "ku filan" qiimeyn ayaa la bixiyay. Natiijooyinka? Darawalada diirada saara in baabuurka lagu haayo meelaha qoyan waa in ay doortaan Continental ContiPremiumContact 5, iyo kuwa xiiseeya baabuurka ee diirada saaraya waxqabadka wadida wanagsan ee wadada qalalan waa in ay doortaan Dunlop Sport BluResponse. Michelin Energy Saver+ waxay bixisaa masaafada aad u saraysa (laakiin waa inaad u adkaysataa natiijooyinka liita ee qoyan) Qaybta isticmaalka shidaalka, GT Radial Champiro FE1, oo sidoo kale ah kan ugu buuqa yar, ayaa helay buundooyinka ugu sarreeya.
Hayso baabuur wadada ka baxsan
Taayirada loo doortay in loogu isticmaalo SUV-yada is haysta (sida VW Tiguan iyo Nissan Qashqai), 15 nooc ayaa la tijaabiyay. Badeecadaha Dunlop iyo Continental laguma darin sababtoo ah, sida ADAC ay sharraxayso, waxay la mid noqon doonaan oo keliya moodooyinka kale ee leh dabeecad ka baxsan waddada. Laba taayir ayaa lagu qiimeeyay "wanaagsan", kow iyo toban "cadaalad", mid "ku filan" iyo mid "aan ku filneyn", kaas oo lala xiriiriyay dabeecad xun oo ku saabsan meelaha qoyan, gaar ahaan imtixaanada braking, maneuvering iyo wadista wareegyada / w. Khubarada Naadiga Baabuurta Jarmalku waxa ay xuseen in lix nooc oo taayirrada ah ay leeyihiin magac-M + S (Mud and Snow). Waxaa la siiyaa taayiro loogu talagalay in lagu dhex maro dhoobada iyo barafka. In kasta oo inta badan loo tarjumo jiilaal, sida wakiillada ADAC ay tilmaamayaan, tani maahan fasiraad sax ah. Tani waxay khusaysaa dhammaan taayirada xilliga, ma aha oo kaliya taayirada jiilaalka. Tan waxaa lagu caddeeyey cabbirada jiidista iyo bareegga, kuwaas oo lagu daray lixda taayir ee kor ku xusan (natiijooyinka laguma xisaabtamin dhibcaha). Waxay muujinayaan in ficil ahaan laba nooc oo keliya ay leeyihiin waxqabad lagu qanco oo ku yaal meelaha barafka ah. Sidaa darteed, khubaradu waxay ku talinayaan inay doortaan taayirada SUV si loogu isticmaalo xilliga jiilaalka iyada oo kuwa, marka lagu daro calaamadaynta M + S, ay sidoo kale leeyihiin calaamad muujinaysa in ay yihiin taayirrada jiilaalka.
Taayirada xagaaga 195/65 R15 91V
Samee Model | oogada qalalan | dusha qoyan | Dhawaaqa | Isticmaalka shidaalka | Xiro iska caabin | darajada ugu dambeysa |
Boqolkiiba fasalka ugu dambeeya | 20% | 40% | 10% | 10% | 20% | 100% |
Pirelli Cinturato P1 Verde |
| 2,0 | 2,9 | 2,3 | 1,5 | 2,1 |
Bridgestone Turanza T001 | 1,7 | 2,1 | 3,4 | 1,9 | 2,5 | 2,2 |
Continental ContiPremiumContact 5 | 1,8 | 1,9 | 3,1 | 2,4 | 2,5 | 2,2 |
Waxqabadka Goodyear EfficientGrip | 1,6 | 2,1 | 3,5 | 1,9 | 2,5 | 2,2 |
Esa-Tekar Ruuxa 5 hp.* | 2,5 | 2,3 | 3,2 | 2,0 | 2,5 | 2,5 |
Dunlop Sport BluResponse | 1,5 | 2,6** | 3,2 | 1,9 | 2,5 | 2,6 |
Khadka Nokia | 2,2 | 2,6** | 3,5 | 2,3 | 2,0 | 2,6 |
Fredestein Sportrak 5 | 2,6 | 2,8** | 3,2 | 2,0 | 1,0 | 2,8 |
Eolus PrecisionAce 2 AH03 | 2,5 | 2,2 | 3,1 | 2,5 | 3,0** | 3,0 |
Kumho Ecowing ES01 KH27 | 2,3 | 2,7 | 3,2 | 1,8 | 3,0** | 3,0 |
Kaydinta Tamarta ee Michelin+ | 1,9 | 3,0** | 3,2 | 1,8 | 0,5 | 3,0 |
Sava Intense HP | 2,2 | 3,0** | 3,2 | 2,1 | 1,5 | 3,0 |
Semperit Raaxada-Nolosha 2 | 2,9 | 3,0** | 3,4 | 1,8 | 2,0 | 3,0 |
Hankook Wind Prime 3 K125 | 1,8 | 3,3** | 3,0 | 2,2 | 2,5 | 3,3 |
Maxis Premitra HP5 | 1,9 | 2,3 | 3,2 | 2,3 | 3,5** | 3,5 |
GT Radial Champiro FE1 | 2,9 | 4,0** | 2,8 | 1,6 | 1,5 | 4,0 |
0,5-1,5 - Wayn, 1,6-2,5 - Fiican, 2,6-3,5 - lagu qanco, 3,6-4,5 - ku filan 4,6-5,5 - ku filnayn
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Waxaa qaybiyay Tecar International Trade GmbH
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Ogow taasi waxay saamayn toos ah ku leedahay fasalka u dambeeya
Taayirada xagaaga 215/65 R16 H
Samee Model | oogada qalalan | dusha qoyan | Dhawaaqa | Isticmaalka shidaalka | Xiro iska caabin | darajada ugu dambeysa |
Boqolkiiba fasalka ugu dambeeya | 20% | 40% | 10% | 10% | 20% | 100% |
Goodyear EfficientGrip SUV | 2,0 | 2,0 | 3,0 | 2,3 | 2,0 | 2,1 |
Cooper Zeon 4XS Sport | 2,2 | 2,5 | 3,1 | 2,3 | 2,5 | 2,5 |
Destination Firestone HP | 1,7 | 2,8* | 3,1 | 2,1 | 2,5 | 2,8 |
Nokian Line SUV XL | 2,1 | 2,6 | 3,2 | 2,8* | 2,5 | 2,8 |
Pirelli Scorpion Verde XL | 1,8 | 2,8* | 3,1 | 2,1 | 1,5 | 2,8 |
SUV Semperit Raaxada-Nolol 2 | 2,4 | 2,9* | 3,2 | 1,9 | 2,0 | 2,9 |
Khabiirka Roobka Uniroyal 3 SUV | 3,0* | 2,0 | 3,1 | 2,1 | 2,5 | 3,0 |
Barum Bravuris 4 × 4 | 3,1* | 2,7 | 3,0 | 2,1 | 2,0 | 3,1 |
General Grabber GT | 2,3 | 3,1* | 3,1 | 2,0 | 2,0 | 3,1 |
Apollo Apterra X/P | 3,2 | 3,3* | 3,0 | 2,0 | 2,0 | 3,3 |
Hankook Dynapro HP2 RA33 | 2,3 | 3,3* | 2,8 | 1,9 | 2,0 | 3,3 |
BF Goodrich g-Grip SUV | 2,0 | 3,4* | 3,2 | 1,5 | 2,0 | 3,4 |
Bridgestone Dueler H/P Sport | 1,6 | 3,5* | 2,9 | 2,0 | 2,0 | 3,5 |
Safarka Michelin Latitude HP | 2,3 | 3,9* | 3,1 | 1,9 | 0,5 | 3,9 |
Yokohama Geolandar SUV | 2,9 | 5,5* | 2,9 | 1,7 | 1,5 | 5,5 |
0,5-1,5 - Wayn, 1,6-2,5 - Fiican, 2,6-3,5 - lagu qanco, 3,6-4,5 - ku filan 4,6-5,5 - ku filnayn
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Ogow taasi waxay saamayn toos ah ku leedahay fasalka u dambeeya
Xigasho: TVN Turbo / x-news
