Hungarian ZSU 40M "Nimrod" (Hungarian 40M Nimród) Iyadoo aan weli la filayn imaanshaha taangiga Landsverk L-60B ee la soo iibiyay, maamulka warshadda MAVAG, oo heshay ruqsadda soo saarista haanta, ayaa bishii March 1937 ka dalbaday Landsverk AV nooc ka mid ah unug is-xakameyn kara taangiga (taangi). dumiye). Saldhigga isla L60B waxay ahayd in la isticmaalo. Hubka qoryaha iswada waa in uu ka koobnaadaa qori 40mm ah. Iswidishku waxay fuliyeen amarkii: December 1938, hubka iskiis u shaqeysta oo aan hub ahayn ayaa yimid Hungary. 30-kii Maarso, wakiilada Shaqaalaha Guud ayaa isbartay. Xarunta MAVAG, waxaa lagu rakibay 40-mm qoriga lidka diyaaradaha ee Bofors, kaas oo soo saaris shati leh lagu sameeyay magaca sumadda 36.M. Tijaabooyin milatari oo ah qoryaha is-xakamaynta ayaa dhacay Agoosto-Sebtembar 1939-kii. Guddiga xulashada ayaa soo jeediyay in la kordhiyo mugga qolka gaashaaman si loo dejiyo xubinta shanaad ee markabka, lagu rakibo muuqaal telescopic ah oo lagu toogtay taangiyada iyo tiro isbeddello kale ah. Maarso 10, 1940, IWT waxay ku talisay ACS, oo loo yaqaan 40.M. "Nimrod" waxaa loogu magac daray dhaxal-sugaha halyeeyga ah ee Magyar iyo Huun - ugaarsade weyn. Bishii Disembar, Nimrod ayaa la bilaabay adeegga, waxaana warshadaha la siiyay amar 46 baabuur ah. Nimrod ee halyeeyada Nimrod (Nimrod, Nimrod) - ee Pentateuch, caadooyinka Aggadic iyo halyeeyada Bariga Dhexe, geesi, dagaalyahan-ugaadhsade iyo boqor. Sida ku xusan abtirsiinyada kitaabka Bilowgii, isagu waa ina Kuush iyo ina Xaam. Lagu tilmaamay "Ugaadhsade xoog badan oo Rabbiga hortiisa"; Boqortooyadiisu waxay ku taal Mesobotamiya. Halyeeyada kala duwan, sawirka Nimrod ee daalimka ah iyo teomachist-ka ayaa lagu xoojiyay; waxa lagu tiriyaa dhismihii munaaraddii Baabel, naxariis-darro xad-dhaaf ah, sanam caabudid, cadaadis Ibraahim, xafiiltanka Eebbe. Sida Baybalku sheegayo, Nimrod iyo Ibraahim waxay kala sooceen toddoba qarni. Sidoo kale, macluumaadka ku saabsan Boqor Nimrod waxay ku jirtaa Quraanka. Nemrut, khuraafaadka Armenian, boqor ajnabi ah oo ku soo duulay Armenia. Waxa jira halyey sheegaya in Nemrud si uu isu sarraysiiyo uu buurta dusheeda ka taagay daar aad u qurux badan oo dherer aan caadi ahayn. Nimrod ee halyeeyada Qoriga lidka diyaaradaha "Nimrod" Guji sawirka muuqaal weyn Laakiin Iswidish laftoodu waxay go'aansadeen in ay dhisaan dhowr ka mid ah qoryaha iskood u shaqeysta (calaamadaha L62, iyo sidoo kale "Landverk Anti"; ciidan - LVKV 40). Matoorka iyo gudbinta L62 waxay la mid ahaayeen kuwii taangiga Toldi, hubku wuxuu ahaa 40-mm madfac Bofors ah oo dhererkiisu yahay 60 caliber. Miisaanka dagaalka - 8 tan, engine - 150 HP, xawaaraha - 35 km / h. Lix L62 ayaa Finland laga iibiyay 1940-kii, halkaas oo ay ku heleen magaca ITPSV 40. Iswidishku baahiyahooda waxay soo saareen 1945 ZSUs 17-kii oo wata labo xabbo oo LVKV fm / 40 ah. Wax-soo-saarkii ugu horreeyay ee Nimrod wuxuu ka tagay warshadda bishii Noofambar 1941, Febraayo 1942, toddoba baabuur ayaa aaday dhanka hore. Dalabka oo dhan waxa la dhammaystiray dhammaadkii 1942kii. Dalabka ku xiga ee 89 baabuur, 1943 ka mid ah ayaa la soo saaray 77, iyo 12 ka soo hadhay ee xiga. "Nimrod" saldhigga taangiga "Toldi" ayaa loo adeegsaday, laakiin lagu kordhiyey hal (lix) rullaluistu. Isla mar ahaantaana, giraangiraha hagaha dambe ayaa laga kiciyay dhulka. Rollers-ka-joojinta shaqsi, bar torsion. Qolka, oo laga soo xidhay taarikada gaashaaman ee dhumucdiisu tahay 6-13 mm, waxay ka koobnayd qaybaha dagaalka iyo matoorka (dambe). Miisaanka guud ee hubka waa 2615 kg. Ku saabsan mishiinnada taxanaha ugu horreeya Matoorada Jarmalka ayaa la rakibay, iyo kan labaad - mar hore shati Matoorada Hungarian lagu sameeyo. Kuwani waxay ahaayeen matoorada carburetor-ka dareeraha ah ee siddeed-dhululubo. Gudbintu waxay la mid tahay tan "Toldi", i.e. sanduuqa geerka meeraha shan-xawaare ah, xajin weyn oo saxan badan leh oo qallalan, xajin dhinaca. biriiga makaanikada - gacanta iyo cagta. Shidaalka waxa lagu kaydiyay saddex taangi. Naqshadeynta qoryaha is-xakamaynta "Nimrod" Si aad u ballaariso - guji sawirka 1 - 40-mm qori toos ah 36M; 2 - mashiinka qoryaha; 3 - clip 40-mm darbo; 4 - raadiyaha; 5 - munaaradda; 6 - raadiyaha; 7 - mishiinka; 8 - tuubada qiiqa; 9 - mufflers; 10- shaambo kartoon; 11 - kursiga darawalka; 12 - sanduuqa gear; 13 - iftiinka hore; 14 - isteerinka Darawalku waxa uu ku yaalay dhinaca hore ee qolofka bidixda ah waxana uu lahaa meelo ka mid ah daboolka shanta dhinac ah oo ay hore iyo dhinacyada u eegayaan. Shanta xubnood ee hadhay - taliyaha, rakibaha aragga, laba qori iyo rayihii, waxay ku yaaleen guriga giraangiraha oo leh saddex goobood oo daawashada oo leh baloog muraayado ah. Qoryaha lidka diyaaradaha ee 40-mm "Bofors", oo lagu soo saaray shatiga hoos yimaada magaca astaanta 36.M ee warshadda MAVAG ee Gyosgyor, waxay lahayd xagal sare oo ah 85 °, hoos u dhac - 4 °, siman - 360 °. Rasaasta, oo gebi ahaanba la dhex dhigay guriga giraangiraha, ayaa waxaa ka mid ahaa hub-ka-goosad ka sameysan walxaha qarxa, iyo sidoo kale nalal, madfac. Clips - 4 wareeg kasta. Baabuurta taliyayaasha baytariyada oo kaliya ayaa lahaa raadiyow, inkasta oo baabuurta oo dhan ay meel u haysteen. Markii la toogtay, laba ZSUs waxay ku yaalliin masaafo dhan 60 m, waxaana u dhexeeyay boosteejo koontarool oo leh qalab kala duwan (oo leh saldhig 1,25 m) iyo qalabka xisaabinta. Nashqada sidaha gaashaaman ee Lehel Iyada oo ku saleysan "Nimrod" ee 1943, nooc ka mid ah gawaarida gaashaaman ee hoos yimaada calaamadda "Lehel" ayaa la sameeyay hal nuqul oo loogu talagalay qaadista 10 askari (ka sokow darawalka). Isla sanadkaas, laba mishiin oo sapper ah ayaa laga dhisay birta aan gaashaman lahayn. Waxa kale oo la qorsheeyey in 10 "Nimrod" loo beddelo gaadiid-qaadayaal lagu daabulo dhaawacyada. Tilmaamaha waxqabadka ee baabuurta gaashaaman ee Hungarian Tilmaamaha waxqabadka taangiyada qaarkood iyo qoryaha iskood isku shaqeya ee Hungary Toldi-1   "Toldi" I Sanad soo saar 1940 Miisaan dagaal, t 8,5 Crew, dadka 3 Dhererka jirka, mm 4750 Dhererka qori hore u leh, mm   Jaantuska, mm 2140 Dhererka, mm 1870 Boos celin, mm   Foodda jirka 13 Guddiga Hull 13 foodda sare (qalabka sare) 13 + 20 Saqafka iyo hoose ee qolofta 6 Armament   Summada qoriga 36.M Caliber in mm / foosto dhererkeedu yahay calibers 20/82 Rasaas, xabbado   Tirada iyo caliber (in mm) ee qoryaha mashiinada 1-8,0 Qoriga lidka diyaaradaha - Rasaasta qoryaha darandooriga u dhaca, kartoonada   Matoorka, nooca, sumadda karbohaydrayt. "Busing Nag" L8V/36TR Awooda matoorka, h.p. 155 Xawaaraha ugu badan km/h 50 Awoodda shidaalka, l 253 Range on the highway, km 220 Celceliska cadaadiska dhulka, kg / cm2 0,62 Toldi-2   "Toldi" II Sanad soo saar 1941 Miisaan dagaal, t 9,3 Crew, dadka 3 Dhererka jirka, mm 4750 Dhererka qori hore u leh, mm   Jaantuska, mm 2140 Dhererka, mm 1870 Boos celin, mm   Foodda jirka 23-33 Guddiga Hull 13 foodda sare (qalabka sare) 13 + 20 Saqafka iyo hoose ee qolofta 6-10 Armament   Summada qoriga 42.M Caliber in mm / foosto dhererkeedu yahay calibers 40/45 Rasaas, xabbado 54 Tirada iyo caliber (in mm) ee qoryaha mashiinada 1-8,0 Qoriga lidka diyaaradaha - Rasaasta qoryaha darandooriga u dhaca, kartoonada   Matoorka, nooca, sumadda karbohaydrayt. "Busing Nag" L8V/36TR Awooda matoorka, h.p. 155 Xawaaraha ugu badan km/h 47 Awoodda shidaalka, l 253 Range on the highway, km 220 Celceliska cadaadiska dhulka, kg / cm2 0,68 Turan-1   "Turan" I Sanad soo saar 1942 Miisaan dagaal, t 18,2 Crew, dadka 5 Dhererka jirka, mm 5500 Dhererka qori hore u leh, mm   Jaantuska, mm 2440 Dhererka, mm 2390 Boos celin, mm   Foodda jirka 50 (60) Guddiga Hull 25 foodda sare (qalabka sare) 50 (60) Saqafka iyo hoose ee qolofta 8-25 Armament   Summada qoriga 41.M Caliber in mm / foosto dhererkeedu yahay calibers 40/51 Rasaas, xabbado 101 Tirada iyo caliber (in mm) ee qoryaha mashiinada 2-8,0 Qoriga lidka diyaaradaha - Rasaasta qoryaha darandooriga u dhaca, kartoonada   Matoorka, nooca, sumadda Z-TURAN kарб. Z-TURAN Awooda matoorka, h.p. 260 Xawaaraha ugu badan km/h 47 Awoodda shidaalka, l 265 Range on the highway, km 165 Celceliska cadaadiska dhulka, kg / cm2 0,61 Turan-2   "Turan" II Sanad soo saar 1943 Miisaan dagaal, t 19,2 Crew, dadka 5 Dhererka jirka, mm 5500 Dhererka qori hore u leh, mm   Jaantuska, mm 2440 Dhererka, mm 2430 Boos celin, mm   Foodda jirka 50 Guddiga Hull 25 foodda sare (qalabka sare)   Saqafka iyo hoose ee qolofta 8-25 Armament   Summada qoriga 41.M Caliber in mm / foosto dhererkeedu yahay calibers 75/25 Rasaas, xabbado 56 Tirada iyo caliber (in mm) ee qoryaha mashiinada 2-8,0 Qoriga lidka diyaaradaha - Rasaasta qoryaha darandooriga u dhaca, kartoonada 1800 Matoorka, nooca, sumadda Z-TURAN kарб. Z-TURAN Awooda matoorka, h.p. 260 Xawaaraha ugu badan km/h 43 Awoodda shidaalka, l 265 Range on the highway, km 150 Celceliska cadaadiska dhulka, kg / cm2 0,69 Zrinyi-2   Zrinyi II Sanad soo saar 1943 Miisaan dagaal, t 21,5 Crew, dadka 4 Dhererka jirka, mm 5500 Dhererka qori hore u leh, mm 5900 Jaantuska, mm 2890 Dhererka, mm 1900 Boos celin, mm   Foodda jirka 75 Guddiga Hull 25 foodda sare (qalabka sare) 13 Saqafka iyo hoose ee qolofta   Armament   Summada qoriga 40 / 43.M Caliber in mm / foosto dhererkeedu yahay calibers 105/20,5 Rasaas, xabbado 52 Tirada iyo caliber (in mm) ee qoryaha mashiinada - Qoriga lidka diyaaradaha - Rasaasta qoryaha darandooriga u dhaca, kartoonada   Matoorka, nooca, sumadda karbohaydrayt. Z- TURAN Awooda matoorka, h.p. 260 Xawaaraha ugu badan km/h 40 Awoodda shidaalka, l 445 Range on the highway, km 220 Celceliska cadaadiska dhulka, kg / cm2 0,75 Nimrod   "Nimrod" Sanad soo saar 1940 Miisaan dagaal, t 10,5 Crew, dadka 6 Dhererka jirka, mm 5320 Dhererka qori hore u leh, mm   Jaantuska, mm 2300 Dhererka, mm 2300 Boos celin, mm   Foodda jirka 13 Guddiga Hull 10 foodda sare (qalabka sare) 13 Saqafka iyo hoose ee qolofta 6-7 Armament   Summada qoriga 36. M Caliber in mm / foosto dhererkeedu yahay calibers 40/60 Rasaas, xabbado 148 Tirada iyo caliber (in mm) ee qoryaha mashiinada - Qoriga lidka diyaaradaha - Rasaasta qoryaha darandooriga u dhaca, kartoonada   Matoorka, nooca, sumadda karbohaydrayt. L8V / 36 Awooda matoorka, h.p. 155 Xawaaraha ugu badan km/h 60 Awoodda shidaalka, l 253 Range on the highway, km 250 Celceliska cadaadiska dhulka, kg / cm2   Dhagax   "Dhagax" Sanad soo saar   Miisaan dagaal, t 38 Crew, dadka 5 Dhererka jirka, mm 6900 Dhererka qori hore u leh, mm 9200 Jaantuska, mm 3500 Dhererka, mm 3000 Boos celin, mm   Foodda jirka 100-120 Guddiga Hull 50 foodda sare (qalabka sare) 30 Saqafka iyo hoose ee qolofta   Armament   Summada qoriga 43.M Caliber in mm / foosto dhererkeedu yahay calibers 75/70 Rasaas, xabbado   Tirada iyo caliber (in mm) ee qoryaha mashiinada 2-8 Qoriga lidka diyaaradaha - Rasaasta qoryaha darandooriga u dhaca, kartoonada   Matoorka, nooca, sumadda karbohaydrayt. Z- TURAN Awooda matoorka, h.p. 2 × 260 Xawaaraha ugu badan km/h 45 Awoodda shidaalka, l   Range on the highway, km 200 Celceliska cadaadiska dhulka, kg / cm2 0,78 Tilmaamaha waxqabadka ee baabuurta gaashaaman ee Hungarian Isticmaalka dagaalka ee ZSU "Nimrod" "Nimrod" bilaabay inuu galo ciidamada laga bilaabo February 1942. Maaddaama qoryahan iskood is-hawlgalayaasha ah loo arkayey kuwa lidka-taangiga ah, waxay aasaas u noqdeen guutadii 51-aad ee burburisa taangiyada ee qeybta 1-aad ee Panzer, oo ka tirsanayd ciidankii 2-aad ee Hungarian, kuwaas oo dagaal ka bilaabay horgaladii Soviet-ka xagaagii 1942-kii. 19kii Nimrod (3 shirkadood oo 6 qori ah oo midkiiba lagu daray baabuurkii taliyaha guutada), ka dib markii laga adkaaday ciidankii Hungry bishii Janaayo 1943, 3 baabuur oo keliya ayaa ku soo noqday dalkooda. Doorkii hubka lidka taangiga, "Nimrods" waxaa soo gaaray "fiiskoo dhan": gabi ahaanba way la dagaalami waayeen taangiyada Soofiyeedka ee dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka T-34 iyo KB. Ugu dambeyntii, "Nimrods" waxay heleen isticmaalkooda dhabta ah - sida hubka difaaca hawada wuxuuna ka mid noqday kooxihii 1aad (la soo celiyay 1943kii) iyo 2aad TD iyo 1aad KD (sida ku cad ereybixinta maanta - fardooley gaashaaman) 1-da TD waxay heshay 7, kii 2aadna wuxuu helay 1944 ZSU bishii Abriil 37, markii uu dhacay dagaalladii Ciidanka Cas ee Galicia. 17-kan baabuur ee ugu dambeeyay waxay ka mid ahaayeen shaqaalaha guutada 52-aad ee burburiyaha taangiyada, waxaana 5 shirkadood oo midkiiba ka kooban yahay 4 baabuur ay ka koobnaayeen difaaca cirka ee qaybta. Xagaagii, shirkad lixaad ayaa lagu daray. Halabuurka shirkadda: 40 qof, 4 ZSU, 6 baabuur. Dagaalladii aan lagu guulaysan ka dib, TD-gii 2aad ayaa laga saaray safka hore, isaga oo haysta 21 Nimrods. Bishii Juun 1944, dhammaan 4 Nimrods ee KD 1aad ayaa lagu dilay dagaal. Bishii Sebtembar, dagaalku wuxuu horeyba uga dhacay dhulka Hungary. Dhammaan saddexda qaybood waxay markaas lahaayeen 80 Nimrods (39 midkiiba TD-yada iyo 4 ee CD-ga). Safkooda, "Nimrods" waxay dagaalamayeen ku dhawaad ​​ilaa dhamaadkii dagaalka. Bishii Disembar 3, 1944, koox taangi ah Kornayl Horvat, oo haystay 4 Nimrods, ayaa ka hawlgalay koonfurta Budapest ee aagga Perbal-Vali. Diseembar 7, TD-dii 2aad waxay ka koobnayd 26 ZSU, iyo March 18-19, 1945, 10 Nimrods oo ah Gaashaanle Sare Maslau ayaa ka hawlgalay dagaalladii aagga Lake Balaton intii lagu jiray weerarradii IV German Panzer Ciidan. 22-kii Maarso, aagga Bakonyoslor, kooxda dagaalka ee Nemeth waxay lumiyeen dhammaan qoryihii is-tooska ahaa. Dhowr Nimrod ayaa la og yahay inay ku dagaalameen Budapest ee go'doomisay. "Nimrods" soo baxay in ay noqoto mid ka mid ah ugu guulaha badan iyo wax ku ool ah ZSU ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida. Iyaga oo ka shaqaynayay meelo ka baxsan qoryaha lidka taangiyada cadawgu, waxa ay siiyeen difaaca cirka ee taangiyada iyo cutubyada mootooyinka ee socodka iyo dagaalka ku jira. Hadda, laba nuqul oo ZSU ah ayaa la xafiday: mid ka mid ah matxafka taariikhda milatariga ee Budapest, kan kale ee matxafka baabuurta gaashaaman ee Kubinka. Ilaha: M.B. Baryatinsky. Taangiyada Honvedsheg. (Ururinta Hubeysan No. 3 (60) - 2005); I.P.Shmelev. Gaadiidka gaashaaman ee Hungary (1940-1945); G.L. Kholyavsky "Encyclopedia dhamaystiran ee Haamaha Adduunka 1915-2000"; Peter Mujzer: Ciidanka Boqortooyada Hungarian, 1920-1945.