Volkswagen Tiguan - isdhaafka leh dareenka saamiga
Volkswagen Tiguan waxa ay haysataa isgoysyada is haysta oo samaysa shirkad leh summadaha sida Touareg iyo Teramont (Atlas). Soo saarista VW Tiguan ee Ruushka ayaa lagu aaminay warshadda baabuurta ee Kaluga, taas oo leh khadadka isku xirka Audi A6 iyo A8. Khubaro badan oo gudaha ah ayaa aaminsan in Tiguan uu awood u leeyahay inuu ku celiyo guusha Polo iyo Golf ee Ruushka oo xitaa uu noqdo bartilmaameedka fasalka. Xaqiiqda ah in hadalkan oo kale uusan ahayn mid aan sal lahayn ayaa la arki karaa ka dib baaritaanka ugu horreeya.
Tiro yar oo taariikh ah
Nooca Volkswagen Tiguan waxaa loo arkaa inuu yahay Golf 2 Country, kaas oo soo muuqday 1990-kii iyo markii la soo bandhigay isgoysyada cusub, Tiguan wuxuu lumiyay muhiimadiisa. Midda labaad (ka dib Touareg) SUV, oo ay soo saartay Volkswagen AG, waxay si dhakhso ah ugu guulaysatay aqoonsiga dadka xiiseeya baabuurta ee adduunka oo dhan si ay u naqshadeeyaan cayaaraha tamarta leh, isku darka heerka sare ee raaxada leh tiknoolajiyada casriga ah. Dhaqan ahaan, abuurayaasha Volkswagen-ka cusub kuma dadaalin muuqaal aad u qurux badan: Tiguan wuxuu u muuqdaa mid adag, dhexdhexaad ah, is haysta, oo aan lahayn wax jilicsan. Kooxda nashqadaynta waxaa hogaaminayay Klaus Bischof, madaxa istuudiyaha naqshadeynta Volkswagen.
Dib-u-habaynta ugu horreysa ee baabuurka ayaa la sameeyay 2011-kii, taasoo keentay in Tiguan uu helo waxyaabo badan oo ka baxsan waddada waxaana lagu daray doorashooyin cusub. Ilaa 2016, warshadda Kaluga waxay fulisay wareegga buuxa ee VW Tiguan: macaamiisha Ruushka waxaa la siiyay moodooyin leh darawal buuxa iyo hore, shidaal iyo naafto, marka loo eego suuqa Maraykanka, oo hela kaliya nooca shidaalka ee Tiguan Limited.
Muuqaalka, dabcan, ka xiiso badan noocii hore. Nalalka LED-ku runtii waa wax. Ma aha oo kaliya inay u muuqdaan kuwo qurux badan, laakiin sidoo kale waxay u iftiimaan si aad u dhalaalaya. Dhamaystirka, guud ahaan, tayo wanaagsan. Kaliya balaastiig adag oo ku taal qaybta hoose ee qolka waa wax laga xishoodo (daboolka sanduuqa galoofyada ayaa laga sameeyay). Laakiin qalabkaygu maaha kan ugu horumarsan. Laakiin kuraastu waa raaxo, gaar ahaan kuwa hore. Hagaajinta inta badan - waxaa jira xitaa taageerada lumbar. Marna ma dareemin daal ama dhabar xanuun. Run, ma jirin dalnyaks sida weli. Jirridu waa cabbir qumman, ma aha mid aad u weyn oo aan yareyn. Wax kasta oo aad u baahan tahay ayaa lagu daray Kaliya halkii dokatka ee lacagta noocaas ah waxay dhigi kareen taayir buuxa oo buuxa. Qabashada waxay u fiican tahay isgoysyada. Waxa kaliya ee su'aalo keenaa waa isteerinka - dhammaan khaladaadkan ayaa ah dhibaatooyin ka badan kuwa wanaagsan. Matoorku waa mid aan fiicneyn isla markaasna aad u dhaqaale badan. Wareegga isku dhafan, wuxuu u baahan yahay 8-9 litir 100 kiiloomitir. Habka magaalada kaliya, isticmaalka, dabcan, waa ka sarreeya - 12-13 litir. Waxaan ku shaqaynayay 95 batroolka tan iyo markii aan iibsaday. Kama cabanayo sanduuqa - ugu yaraan weli. Inta badan waxaan ku wadaa habka wadista. Fikradayda, isaga ayaa ugu fiican. Biriiggu aad buu u fiican yahay. Waxay u shaqeeyaan si la yaab leh - falcelinta ku saabsan riixitaanka baydalka waa isla markiiba oo cad. Waa hagaag, guud ahaan, iyo dhammaan waxaan rabay inaan sheego. Ma jirin wax burbur ah in ka badan afar bilood. Ma ahayn inaan iibsado ama beddelo qaybo.
Tilmaamaha Volkswagen Tiguan
Ka dib markii uu ka soo muuqday suuqa 2007, Volkswagen Tiguan wuxuu sameeyay isbeddello dhowr ah muuqaalkiisa wuxuuna si tartiib tartiib ah ugu daray qalabka farsamada. Si loo bixiyo magaca qaabka cusub, qorayaashu waxay qabteen tartan, kaas oo ay ku guulaysatay majaladda Auto Bild, oo soo jeedisay in la isku daro "shabeel" (shabeel) iyo "iguana" (iguana) hal erey. Inta badan Tiguans waxaa lagu iibiyaa Yurub, USA, Russia, China, Australia iyo Brazil. Muddadii 10-ka sano ahayd ee uu jiray, baabuurku waligiis ma noqon "hogaamiyaha iibka", laakiin wuxuu had iyo jeer ku jiray shanta ugu sarreeya ee loo raadsado Volkswagen ka dib. VW Tiguan waxa lagu qiimeeyay midka ugu badbaadsan Waddada-Yare ee ka baxsan qaybta Euro NCAP, Barnaamijka Qiimaynta Baabuurka Cusub ee Yurub.. 2017, Tiguan waxa uu helay abaal marinta Badbaadada Sare ee Machadka Badbaadada Wadooyinka Maraykanka. Dhammaan noocyada Tiguan waxaa si gaar ah loogu qalabeeyay tareennada tamarta turbocharged.
Gudaha iyo dibadda VW Tiguan
Jiilkii ugu horreeyay ee Volkswagen Tiguan waxaa lagu soo bandhigay dhowr heerar trim ah oo loogu talagalay suuqyada dalal kala duwan. Tusaale ahaan:
- heerarka US, S, SE, iyo SEL ayaa la bixiyay;
- gudaha UK - S, Ciyaarta, Ciyaaraha iyo Baxsashada;
- в Канаде - Trendline, Comfortline, Highline iyo Highline;
- gudaha Ruushka - Isbeddelka iyo Madadaalada, Ciyaaraha iyo Qaabka, iyo sidoo kale Track iyo Field.
Tan iyo 2010, darawallada Yurub ayaa la siiyay nooca R-line.
Nooca VW Tiguan Trend&Fun wuxuu ku qalabaysan yahay:
- dhar gaar ah "takata" oo loogu talagalay fadhiga fadhiga;
- xakamaynta madaxa ee badbaadada ee kuraasta hore;
- xakamaynta caadiga ah ee madaxa ee saddexda kursi ee danbe;
- isteerinka saddexda af.
Badbaadada markaad baabuur wadid waxaa bixiya:
- suunka kursiga ee lagu dhejiyay kuraasta danbe ee saddexda dhibcood;
- habka qaylo-dhaanta ee suumanka fadhiga ee aan xidhnayn;
- barkinta shilka ee hore oo leh shaqada xidhidh ee kursiga rakaabka;
- nadaamka barkinta shilka ee ka ilaalinaya madaxa darawalka iyo rakaabka ka imaanaya dhinacyo kala duwan;
- aspheric ka baxsan muraayadda darawalka;
- muraayad gudaha ah oo leh auto-dimming;
- ESP xakamaynta xasiloonida;
- immobilizer, ASB, quful kala duwan;
- masar daaqadda danbe.
Raaxada darawalka iyo rakaabka waxaa lagu gaaraa sababtoo ah:
- hagaajinta kuraasta hore ee dhererka iyo xagasha u janjeera;
- suurtogalnimada in kursiga dambe ee dhexe loo beddelo miis;
- xeebaha;
- iftiinka gudaha;
- daaqadaha korontada ee daaqadaha hore iyo kuwa dambe;
- nalalka jirridda;
- tiirka isteerinka gaadhista la hagaajin karo;
- qaboojiyaha Climatronic;
- kuraasta hore ee kulul.
Muuqaalka moodelku waa mid muxaafid ah, taas oo aan la yaab lahayn Volkswagen, oo ay ku jiraan qaybo sida:
- jirka galvanized;
- nalalka ceeryaanta hore;
- chrome grille;
- biraha saqafka madow;
- boomaatada midabka jirka ah, muraayadaha dibadda iyo gacanka albaabka;
- qaybta hoose ee madow ee boomaatada;
- tilmaamayaasha jihada oo isku dhafan muraayadaha dibadda;
- makiinadaha nalka hore ee guriga;
- Nalalka Maalinlaha Socda;
- giraangiraha birta 6.5J16, taayirrada 215/65 R16.
Xirmada Isboortiga & Qaabka waxaa ku jira dhowr ikhtiyaar oo dheeri ah iyo muuqaal wax yar laga beddelay.. Halkii laga heli lahaa birta, taayirrada 17-inji daawaha khafiifka ah ayaa u muuqday, naqshadaynta boombarrada, fidinta taayirada taayirrada, iyo hillaaca chrome ayaa isbeddelay. Dhanka hore, waxaa ku yaal laydhadhka hore ee la qabsiga bi-xen iyo nalalka LED-ga ee shaqeeya maalintii. Kuraasta hore ayaa lagu cusboonaysiiyay muuqaal isboorti iyo dahaar Alcantara ah oo rakaabka ku haya meel adag marka geesaha la gashado, taas oo muhiim u ah baabuurka ciyaaraha. chrome badhamada xakamaynta daaqada awooda, hagaajinta muraayada, iyo sidoo kale habka iftiinka Nidaamka cusub ee warbaahinta badan wuxuu bixiyaa awooda lagu wada shaqayn karo taleefannada casriga ah ee aaladaha Android iyo IOS.
Qaybta hore ee Tiguan, oo lagu soo ururiyey qaabaynta Track & Field, waxa ay leedahay xagal foorarsan oo ah 28 darajo. Baabuurkan, iyo waxyaabo kale, waxaa ku qalabaysan:
- caawin shaqada marka aad wado hoos iyo kor;
- 16-inch taayirada daawaha ee Portland;
- dareemayaasha baarkinka dambe;
- tilmaame cadaadiska taayirka;
- kombuyuutar elektaroonik ah oo lagu dhex dhisay bandhigga;
- saqafka saqafka;
- hiitarka chrome;
- nalalka hore ee halogen;
- suufka dhinaca;
- giraangiraha giraangiraha.
Waxa loo baahnaa waxay ahayd baabuur labaad oo qoyska ah: miisaaniyad dhaqdhaqaaq firfircoon. Baahida ugu weyni waa badbaadada, firfircoonida, maaraynta iyo nakhshad hufan. Guga Novya wuxuu ahaa kan kaliya.
Baabuurku waxa uu leeyahay dahaarka codka liidata - waxa uu ku qasbay iibiyaha in uu Shumkov dhamaystiran u sameeyo hadiyad ahaan. Hadda loo dulqaadan karo. Baabuurku waa firfircoon yahay, laakiin shaqada DSG waxay ka tagtaa wax badan oo la rabo: baabuurka ayaa ka fekeraya marka uu dardargelinayo bilowga: ka dibna wuxuu u dardargeliyaa sida gantaal. Waxaan u baahanahay in dib loo bilaabo Waxaan daryeeli doonaa guga. Maareyn heer sare ah. Naqshad aad u fiican oo dibadda ah, laakiin gudaha loo dulqaadan karo, Guud ahaan, baabuur miisaaniyadeed oo loogu talagalay lacagaha aan miisaaniyadda ahayn ee magaalada.
Miisaanka iyo cabbirrada
Marka la barbar dhigo nooca 2007 VW Tiguan, wax ka beddelka cusub ayaa kor u beddelay: ballac, bannaynta dhulka, cabbirrada jidka hore iyo kan dambe, iyo sidoo kale xakamaynta miisaanka iyo mugga jirridda. Dhererka, dhererka, kursiga curyaanka iyo mugga haanta shidaalka ayaa noqday mid yar.
Fiidiyowga: ku saabsan hal-abuurka VW Tiguan 2016-2017
Shaxda: qeexitaannada farsamada ee VW Tiguan ee isbeddello kala duwan
| Характеристика | 2,0 2007 | 2,0 4Motion 2007 | 2,0 TDI 2011 | 2,0 TSI 4Motion 2011 | 2,0 TSI 4Motion 2016 |
| Nooca jidhka | SUV | SUV | SUV | SUV | SUV |
| Tirada albaabada | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Tirada kuraasta | 5, 7 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Nooca baabuurta | J (gudbi) | J (gudbi) | J (gudbi) | J (gudbi) | J (gudbi) |
| Booska ruder | bidix | bidix | bidix | bidix | bidix |
| Awoodda matoorka, hp leh. | 200 | 200 | 110 | 200 | 220 |
| Awoodda matoorka, l | 2,0 | 2,0 | 2,0 | 2,0 | 2,0 |
| Torque, Nm/rev. daqiiqadiiba | 280/1700 | 280/1700 | 280/2750 | 280/5000 | 350/4400 |
| Tirada dhululubada | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Diyaarinta dhululubada | khad | khad | khad | khad | khad |
| Qaliinka halkii dhululubo | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Fulinta | hore | buuxa | hore | buuxa | hore oo leh suurtogalnimada in lagu xiro gadaal |
| CPR | 6 MKPP, 6 AKPP | 6 MKPP, 6 AKPP | 6MKPP | 6 gudbinta tooska ah | 7 gudbinta tooska ah |
| Biriigyada gadaal | saxanka | saxanka | saxanka | saxanka | saxanka |
| Bareegyada hore | disc hawo | disc hawo | disc hawo | saxanka | disc hawo |
| Xawaaraha ugu badan, km / saacadii | 225 | 210 | 175 | 207 | 220 |
| Dardargelinta ilaa 100 km/h, ilbiriqsi | 8,5 | 7,9 | 11,9 | 8,5 | 6,5 |
| Dherer, m | 4,634 | 4,427 | 4,426 | 4,426 | 4,486 |
| Ballaca, m | 1,81 | 1,809 | 1,809 | 1,809 | 1,839 |
| Dhererka, m | 1,73 | 1,686 | 1,703 | 1,703 | 1,673 |
| Garaash, m | 2,841 | 2,604 | 2,604 | 2,604 | 2,677 |
| Nadiifinta dhulka, cm | 15 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Jidka hore, m | 1,53 | 1,57 | 1,569 | 1,569 | 1,576 |
| Dhabarka dambe, m | 1,524 | 1,57 | 1,571 | 1,571 | 1,566 |
| Cabbirka taayirka | 215/65R16, 235/55R17 | 215/65R16, 235/55R17 | 235 / 55 R17 | 235 / 55 R18 | 215/65/R17, 235/55/R18, 235/50/R19, 235/45/R20 |
| Miisaanka xajinta, t | 1,587 | 1,587 | 1,543 | 1,662 | 1,669 |
| Miisaan buuxa, t | 2,21 | 2,21 | 2,08 | 2,23 | 2,19 |
| Mugga jirridda, l | 256/2610 | 470/1510 | 470/1510 | 470/1510 | 615/1655 |
| Mugga haanta, l | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 58 |
Ma jiro wax la isku halleyn karo oo gaarigaan ah. Tani waa khasaare aad u weyn baabuurka. Isagoo ordaya 117 t.km, wuxuu u sameeyay 160 kun oo rubi ah caasimadda mishiinka. Taas ka hor, beddelka xajin 75 kun oo rubles. Qiimaha kale ee 20 kun rubles. Beddelka bamka 37 kun oo rubles. Bamka ka soo baxa isku xirka Haldex waa 25 kun oo rubles kale. Suunka ka soo kicinta oo ay la socdaan rollers waa 10 kun oo rubles kale. Oo intaas oo dhan ka dib, waxay weli u baahan tahay maalgashi. Dhibaatooyinkaas oo dhan waxaa lagu arkay raxan raxan. Dhibaatooyinka oo dhan waxay bilowdeen si sax ah ka dib sanadka saddexaad ee hawlgalka. Yacni, dammaanad qaadku wuu gudbay oo yimid. Kuwa fursad u haysta inay beddelaan baabuurta 2,5 sano kasta (muddada damaanadda), kiiskan, waad qaadan kartaa.
Qalabka orodka
Hakinta hore ee moodooyinka VW Tiguan 2007 waxay ahayd mid madax banaan, nidaamka MacPherson, gadaalku wuxuu ahaa dhidib cusub. Wax ka beddelka 2016 wuxuu la socdaa hakin gu'ga hore iyo gadaalba madax bannaan. biriiga danbe - saxan, hore - saxan hawo leh. Gearbox - laga bilaabo buugga 6-xawaaraha ilaa 7-meel si toos ah.
Powertrain
Jiilkii ugu horreeyay ee VW Tiguan kala duwanaanshaha matoorka waxaa matalaya unugyo shidaal oo leh awood 122 ilaa 210 hp. leh mugga ka 1,4 ilaa 2,0 litir, iyo sidoo kale matoorada naaftada leh 140 ilaa 170 litir. leh mugga 2,0 litir. Tiguan jiilka labaad waxaa lagu qalabayn karaa mid ka mid ah matoorada shidaalka oo leh awood 125, 150, 180 ama 220 hp. leh mugga ka 1,4 ilaa 2,0 litir, ama engine naaftada ah oo leh awood 150 litir. leh mugga 2,0 litir. Soo-saaruhu wuxuu bixiyaa isticmaalka shidaalka ee nooca naaftada 2007 TDI: 5,0 litir 100 km - wadada weyn, 7,6 litir - magaalada, 5,9 litir - hab isku dhafan. Matoorka shidaalka 2,0 TSI 220 l. leh 4Motion sample 2016, marka loo eego xogta baasaboorka, 6,7 litir 100 km ee wadada weyn, 11,2 litir ee magaalada, 8,4 litir oo hab isku dhafan.
2018 VW Tiguan Limited
La soo bandhigay 2017, 2018 VW Tiguan waxaa lagu magacaabaa Tiguan Limited waxaana la filayaa in lagu qiimeeyo si ka badan (qiyaastii $22). Nooca ugu dambeeya ayaa lagu qalabayn doonaa:
- wadista taayirrada oo dhan;
- giraangiraha birta ee 16-inch;
- dharka dharka;
- kuraasta baaldiyada gacanta lagu hagaajin karo;
- kuraas danbe oo kala jaban;
- Qurxinta gudaha ee Anthracite Metallic;
- 200-horsepower turbocharged matoorka shidaalka TSI;
- 6-booska si toos ah gearbox;
- lix barkimo shil;
- EBD habka qaybinta biriiga elektarooniga ah;
- raacitaanka biyaha ee biriiga HBA;
- Xakamaynta xasiloonida elektiroonigga ah ee ESC;
- nidaamka jawaabta degdega ah ee caqliga leh ICRS.
Marka lagu daro nooca aasaasiga ah, xirmada Premium waa la heli karaa, kaas oo lacag dheeri ah oo dhan $1300 lagu kabi doono:
- 6,33-inch Infotainment System touchscreen, raadiyaha caadiga ah iyo dayax-gacmeedka, nidaamka xogta raadiyaha RDS, Apple CarPlay iyo Android Auto oo leh muraayad muraayad ah;
- Is dhexgalka iPod/USB, booska kaadhka MicroSD, jaakadda gelinta maqalka ee caawinta, maqalka qulqulka Bluetooth;
- VW Kessy nidaamka bilowga furaha;
- xakamaynta safarka;
- isteerinka maqaarka multifunctional.
$500 kale, 16-inji taayirrada waxaa lagu beddeli karaa 17-inch.
Video: faa'iidooyinka Volkswagen Tiguan cusub
Shidaal ama naafto
Kuwa xiiseeya baabuurta Ruushka, mawduuca doorbidida shidaalka ama mishiinka naaftada ayaa weli ah mid aad u khuseeya, Volkswagen Tiguan wuxuu bixiyaa fursadda doorashadan. Markaad go'aansanayso inaad doorato matoor gaar ah, waa in maskaxda lagu hayaa in:
- Qiimaha bilawga baabuurta leh matoorada naaftada, waxyaabaha kale ee la siman yahay, inta badan waa ka sareeyaa baabuurta ku shaqeeya shidaalka;
- Doorashada moodooyinka leh matoorada shidaalka ayaa ka ballaaran kuwa naaftada ah;
- Matoorka naaftada ayaa leh qulqulo badan, mishiinka shidaalka ayaa leh awood badan (in hp), sidaas darteed matoorka naaftada ayaa ka badan "jiid", mishiinka shidaalka ayaa ka badan "frisky";
- Hal litir oo shidaal naafto ah waxa ku jira tamar ka badan litir shidaal ah, siday u kala horreeyaan, shidaalka naaftada ayaa ka dhaqaale badan;
- baabuurta leh matoorada naaftada waxay abuuraan buuq iyo gariir badan;
- mishiinka naaftada ayaa aad u adkaan kara in la bilaabo xilliga qaboobaha, iyo haddii shidaal tayadiisu hoosayso uu galo mishiinka noocaas ah, dayactir qaali ah ayaa loo baahan karaa;
- Unugga naaftada ayaa aad u waara, laakiin sababtoo ah xaddiga badan ee saliidda la isticmaalo, waxay u baahan tahay beddelaad joogto ah oo gaasaska iyo filtarrada;
- Matoorada naaftada ayaa aad ugu fiican deegaanka.
My Tiguan wuxuu leeyahay matoorka 150 hp. leh tanina waa igu filan tahay, laakiin isla markaa si degan uma wado (marka aan dhaafo wadada weyn waxaan isticmaalaa shift) oo si badbaado leh u dhaafo gawaarida. Waxaan rabaa in aan weydiiyo milkiilayaasha jiilka labaad ee Tiguans: midkiin ma qorin wax ku saabsan tirtirayaasha (waa wax aan suurtagal ahayn in laga soo qaado muraayadda - daboolka ayaa farageliya), sida radar-ka iyo dareemayaasha baarkinku u shaqeeyaan (ma jirin wax cabasho ah marka la shaqeynayo baabuurka). xilliga qalalan, laakiin markii ay baraf iyo wasakhdu ka soo muuqatay waddada - kombiyuutarka baabuurku wuxuu bilaabay inuu si joogto ah u bixiyo in radar-ka iyo dareemayaasha baarkinkuba ay khaldan yihiin. Gaar ahaan dareemayaasha baarkinku waxay u dhaqmaan si xiiso leh: xawaare 50 km / h (ama in ka badan) waxay bilaabeen inay muujiyaan in caqabad ay ka soo muuqatay wadada, waxaan u kaxaystay ganacsatada rasmiga ah ee Izhevsk, waxay baabuurka ka dhaqeen wasakhda, wax walbana way tageen, su'aashayda, maxaan sameeyaa marka xigta? Waxay ku jawaabeen Waxaad u baahan tahay oo kaliya inaad si joogto ah u baxdo oo aad u dhaqdo radar-ka iyo dareemayaasha baarkinka labadaba!Sharax, sidoo kale miyaad "masixi kartaa" qalabka ama ma jiraan horumarin kale? Wuxuu codsaday in la yareeyo dareenka qalabka, waxay iigu jawaabeen inay leeyihiin midkoodna furaha sirta ah ama koodka beddelka xakamaynta aaladaha (eeddaymaha soo-saaruhu ma bixiyo). Elk si ay u bedesho kaliya taayirrada sababtoo ah qaybiyaha, mar kale, ma laha awood uu ku damiyo kombiyuutarka. Dareemayaasha muujinaya cadaadiska taayirka waxayna si joogto ah u muujin doonaan cillad. Ku beeni xogtan xaqiiqooyin dhab ah oo aan la iman karo qaybiyaha oo aan ku tuso karti-xumadooda. Mahadsanidiin horraan.
Volkswagen Tiguan wuxuu u muuqdaa mid ka sii muhiimsan wuxuuna leeyahay dhammaan calaamadaha SUV. Gadaasha taayirrada baabuurka, darawalku wuxuu helayaa macluumaad ku filan iyo taageero farsamo, heer sare oo badbaado iyo raaxo leh. Khubaro badan ayaa tixgeliya qaabka ugu caansan ee Tiguan si ay u noqoto dareenka saamiga, tani, sida aad ogtahay, waa calaamad muujinaysa taranka.
