engine R5 - taariikhda, design iyo codsiga

Matoorka R5 waxa uu leeyahay shan dhululubo waana mishiin biistoon ah, inta badana mishiinka gubashada gudaha. Shaqadii ugu horeysay waxaa fuliyay Henry Ford laftiisa, iyo tignoolajiyada mishiinka gubashada gudaha ee shan-dhululubo ayaa sidoo kale lagu sameeyay Talyaaniga. Wax badan ka ogow noocaan!

Bilawga unugga shan-dhululubo

Henry Ford wuxuu bilaabay horumarinta mishiinka shan-dhululubo dabayaaqadii 30-meeyadii iyo horraantii 40-kii. Ujeedadu waxay ahayd in la abuuro unug lagu rakibi karo baabuur yar. Hindisuhu ma dhalin xiiso badan sababtoo ah baahida loo qabo baabuurta yar yar ee Maraykanka wakhtigaas.

Isla mar ahaantaana Ford, mishiinka shan-dhululubo waxaa soo saaray Lancia. Matoor lagu rakibay baabuurta xamuulka ayaa la sameeyay. Naqshadeynta ayaa lagu guuleystay in lagu beddelo 2-dhululubo naafto ah iyo 3-dhululubo shidaal. Qaabkii ugu horreeyay ee matoorka R5, oo loo yaqaan RO, waxaa raacay nooca 3RO, kaas oo ay adeegsanayeen ciidamada qalabka sida ee Talyaaniga iyo Jarmalka dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka. Wax soo saarku waxa uu socday ilaa 1950kii.

Kala duwanaanshaha dhimbiil ee ugu horreeya iyo nooca batroolka ee R5.

Tareenkii ugu horreeyay ee dab-damiska ayaa lagu isticmaalay warshadihii Mercedes 1974kii. Magaca moodeelka moodelkan naaftada ah waa OM617. Naqshad fudud oo shan-dhululubo ah ayaa sidoo kale laga sameeyay warshadda Volkswagen Group - Audi 100 waxaa lagu qalabeeyay matoor shidaal 70 R2.1 ah dhamaadka 5s.

Noocyada awoodda leh ee matoorada shan-dhululubo ah

Dhawr matoorro shan-dhululubo leh oo xoog badan ayaa la soo saaray. Matoorada Turbo ayaa sidoo kale la sameeyay kuwaas oo lagu rakibay baabuurta isboortiga - xalalkan ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalay baabuurta wax soo saarka. Mid ka mid ah wuxuu ahaa Volvo S60 R oo leh 2,5-litir turbocharged khad toosan oo shan-dhululubo ah oo soo saara 300 hp. iyo 400 Nm oo wareeg ah.

Baabuur kale oo leh matoorka R5 ee waxqabadka sare leh ayaa ahaa Ford Focus RS Mk2. Tani waa model la mid ah sida Volvo. Natiijadu waa baabuurka hore ee taayirrada hore oo aad u xoog badan - mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu awoodda badan abid. Kooxda matoorada shan-dhululubo ee waxqabadka sare leh waxa kale oo ka mid ah Audi RS2 oo leh nooc turbocharged 2,2 litir ah oo leh 311 hp.

Liiska matoorada naaftada shanta ah ee caanka ah

Sida hore u soo sheegnay, naaftada ugu horeysay ee Mercedes-Benz OM 617 3,0 sano ee wax soo saarka la mugga 1974 litir, kaas oo loo adeegsaday baabuur la magacaabista 300D. Waxa uu ku riyaaqay sumcad waxaana loo tixgeliyey unug awoodeed oo la isku halayn karo. Sannadkii 1978-kii, turbocharging ayaa lagu daray. Ku-xigeenku wuxuu ahaa OM602, oo lagu rakibay W124, G-Klasse iyo Sprinter. Nooca turbocharged ee matoorka R5 oo wata tignoolajiyada Tareenka Guud ee C/E/ML 270 CDI ayaa sidoo kale laga helay moodooyinka OM612 iyo OM647. Waxa kale oo isticmaalay soo saaraha SSang Yong, oo ku rakibay SUV-yadooda.

Marka laga soo tago baabuurta liiska ku jirta, Jeep Grand Cherokee waxa ay adeegsatay tareennada shanta ah ee xoogga leh. Waxaa la heli karaa 2,7L Mercedes inline naaftada engine laga bilaabo 2002 ilaa 2004. Unugga ayaa sidoo kale lagu rakibay baabuurta Rover Group - waxay ahayd nooca naaftada Td5 ee Land Rover Discovery iyo model Defender.

Matoorada caanka ah ee R5 waxa kale oo ka mid ah unugyo ay samaysay summada Ford. Turbocharged shan-dhululubo 3,2 litir matoorada qoyska Durateq waxaa laga helaa moodooyinka sida Transit, Ranger iyo Mazda BT-50.

Fiat waxa kale oo ay lahayd unug naafto ah oo shan silinder ah. Waxay ku jirtay moodooyinka baabuurta Marea, iyo sidoo kale summada-hoosaadka soo saaraha Talyaaniga Lancia Kappa, Lybra, Thesis, Alfa Romeo 156, 166 iyo 159.

5-dhululubo mishiinka batroolka

Nooca ugu horreeya ee mishiinka shidaalka shan-dhululubo wuxuu soo muuqday 1966-kii. Waxaa sameeyay injineerada Rover waxayna lahayd awood 2.5 litir ah. Ujeeddadu waxay ahayd in la kordhiyo wax-soo-saarka awoodda wax-soo-saarka saaloon ee P6 ee soo saaraha Ingiriiska. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mashruucu wuu fashilmay - waxaa jiray cillado la xidhiidha nidaamka shidaalka.

Kadib, 1976, Audi wuxuu soo bandhigay moodalkiisa darawalnimada. Waxay ahayd 2,1 litir DOHC engine ka 100. Mashruucu wuxuu ahaa guul, cutubka ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo bandhigay noocyada soo socda ee baabuurta - Audi Sport Quattro oo leh 305 hp. iyo RS2 Avant oo wata 315 hp. Waxaa sidoo kale loo adeegsaday soo saaraha Jarmalka Audi S1 ​​Sport Quattro E2 gaariga isboortiga, iyo sidoo kale 90 hp Audi 90. Ka dib moodooyinka Audi ee ku shaqeeya R5 waxaa ka mid ah TT RS, RS3 iyo Quattro Concept.

Matoorka batroolka R5 waxaa sidoo kale soo bandhigay noocyo ay ka mid yihiin Volvo (850), Honda (Vigor, Inspire, Ascot, Rafaga iyo Acura TL), VW (Jetta, Passat, Golf, Bakayle iyo Beetle Cusub ee Mareykanka) iyo Fiat ( Bravo , Coupe, Stilo) iyo Lancia (Kappa, Lybra, Thesis).