Matoorada Toyota V, 3V, 4V, 4V-U, 4V-EU, 5V-EU
Taxanaha matoorada V ayaa bog cusub u furay abuurista noocyo cusub oo tayo leh oo unug koronto ah oo ay sameeyeen matoorada Jabbaan. Cutubyo koronto oo dhaqameed ayaa si guul leh loogu beddelay kuwo fudud. Isla mar ahaantaana, qaabeynta block block ayaa isbeddelay.
Description
Horraantii 60-meeyadii, injineerada Toyota Motor Corporation waxay soo saareen oo soo saareen matooro cusub oo taxane ah. Matoorka V wuxuu ahaa aasaasihii moodelka cusub ee la sameeyay ee noocyada korantada, wuxuu noqday matooradii ugu horeysay ee sideed silinder V-qaabeeya oo batrool ah oo mug dhan 2,6 litir. Waqtigaas, awooddeeda yar (115 hp) iyo torque (196 Nm) ayaa loo arkaa inay ku filan yihiin.
Waxaa loogu talagalay gaariga fulinta Toyota Crown Eight, kaas oo la rakibay 1964 ilaa 1967. Horraantii 60aadkii, matoorka siddeed-dhululubo wuxuu ahaa tilmaame tayada iyo heerka sare ee baabuurka.
Sifooyinka naqshadda
Baloogga dhululubada, halkii uu ka ahaan lahaa birta shubka, ayaa markii ugu horreysay laga sameeyay aluminium, taas oo si weyn hoos ugu dhigtay miisaanka unugga oo dhan. Gudaha (burburka xannibaadda) camshaft iyo wadista waalka ayaa lagu rakibay. Shaqadooda waxaa lagu fuliyay riixayaal iyo hub ruxruxo. Xagasha cambarku waxay ahayd 90˚.
Madaxyada dhululubada ayaa sidoo kale laga sameeyay daawaha aluminium. Qolalka gubashada waxay lahaayeen qaab hemispherical (HEMI). Madaxa dhululubada waa laba-valve fudud, oo leh dhinbiil dusha sare ah.
Xargaha silinderku waa qoyan yihiin. Pistons waa heer. Godka giraanta xoqida saliidda waa la weynaaday (la fidiyay).
Qaybiyaha dabka shiidaa waa qaybiye caadi ah oo caan ah.
Habka qaybinta gaaska waxaa loo sameeyaa si waafaqsan nidaamka OHV, kaas oo saameyn togan ku leh cufnaanta iyo fududaynta naqshadeynta mishiinka.
Gariirka labaad waxaa lagu miisaamaa shaqada pistons ka soo horjeeda ee CPG, sidaas darteed rakibidda ulaha dheelitirka ee xannibaadda lama bixiyo. Ugu dambeyntii, xalkani wuxuu yareynayaa miisaanka cutubka, naqshadiisuna si weyn ayey u fududeysaa.
3V matoorka. Waxa loo habeeyey si la mid ah kii ka horreeyay (V). Waxaa la sameeyay 1967 ilaa 1973. Ilaa 1997, waxaa lagu rakibay Toyota Century limousine.
Waxay leedahay dhowr cabbir oo waaweyn. Tani waxay suurtogal ka dhigtay in la kordhiyo istaroogga piston 10 mm. Natiijadu waa kororka awoodda, qulqulka iyo saamiga cadaadiska. Barakaca matoorka ayaa sidoo kale kor u kacay ilaa 3,0 litir.
Sannadkii 1967-kii, qaybiyihii dhaqameedka waxa lagu beddelay nidaamka daminta dabka. Isla sanadkaas, qalab si toos ah loogu shido marawaxada qaboojinta ayaa la sameeyay.
Sanadkii 1973, wax soo saarka mishiinka ayaa la joojiyay. Taa baddalkeeda, wax-soo-saarku waxa uu habeeyay nooc la hagaajiyay oo ka horreeyay - 3,4 L. 4V. Macluumaadka matoorada qaabkan gaarka ah lama ilaalin (marka laga reebo kuwa lagu tilmaamay shaxda 1).
Waxaa la og yahay in sii dayntiisa la fuliyay laga bilaabo 1973 ilaa 1983, wax ka beddelkeedana lagu rakibay Qarnigii Toyota ilaa 1997kii.
Matoorada 4V-U, 4V-EU ku qalabaysan beddele katalytic sida waafaqsan heerarka Jabbaan. Intaa waxaa dheer, unugyada korontada ee 4V-EU, oo ka duwan kuwii iyaga ka horreeyay, waxay lahaayeen duritaan shidaal elektaroonik ah.
Gelitaankii ugu dambeeyay ee taxanaha V-ka ayaa soo maray dhowr isbedel oo muhiim ah oo ka yimid dhiggiisa hore. Barakaca matoorka 4,0 l. 5V-EU Si ka duwan kuwii ka horreeyay, waxay ahayd waalka sare, oo leh habka qaybinta gaaska oo loo sameeyay si waafaqsan nidaamka SOHC.
Durinta shidaalka waxaa fuliyay nidaamka EFI elegtarooniga ah. Waxay bixisay isticmaalka shidaalka dhaqaale waxayna yaraysay sunta gaaska qiiqa. Intaa waxaa dheer, bilaabista mishiinka qabow ayaa si muuqata u fudud.
Si la mid ah 4V-EU, matoorku waxa uu lahaa beddele katalytic kaas oo siinaya nadiifinta qiiqa heerarka jira.
Filterka saliidda birta ah ee dib loo isticmaali karo ayaa lagu isticmaalay nidaamka sifaynta. Inta lagu jiro dayactirka, uma baahnid beddelaad - waxay ku filan tahay oo kaliya in si fiican loo dhaqo. Awoodda nidaamka - 4,5 litir. saliidaha.
5V-EU waxaa lagu rakibay jiilka 1aad Toyota Century sedan (G40) laga bilaabo Sebtembar 1987 ilaa Maarso 1997. Wax soo saarka engine ayaa socday 15 sano - laga bilaabo 1983 ilaa 1998.
Технические характеристики
Jadwalka kooban ee fududaynta isbarbardhigga, sifooyinka farsamada ee noocyada matoorada taxanaha V ayaa la soo bandhigay.
| V | 3V | 4V | 4V-U | 4V-EU | 5V-EU | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nooca mishiinka | V-qaabeeya | V-qaabeeya | V-qaabeeya | V-qaabeeya | V-qaabeeya | V-qaabeeya |
| Guryaha | dheerayn | dheerayn | dheerayn | dheerayn | dheerayn | dheerayn |
| Mugga mashiinka, cm³ | 2599 | 2981 | 3376 | 3376 | 3376 | 3994 |
| Awood, hp | 115 | 150 | 180 | 170 | 180 | 165 |
| Xuddunta, Nm | 196 | 235 | 275 | 260 | 270 | 289 |
| Saamiga isku-buufinta | 9 | 9,8 | 8,8 | 8,5 | 8,8 | 8,6 |
| Block dhululubo | aluminium | aluminium | aluminium | aluminium | aluminium | aluminium |
| Madaxa dhululubada | aluminium | aluminium | aluminium | aluminium | aluminium | aluminium |
| Tirada dhululubada | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | |
| Dhexroor dhululubada, mm | 78 | 78 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 87 |
| Piston stroke, mm | 68 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 84 |
| Qaliinka halkii dhululubo | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Waqtiga wadista | silsiladda | silsiladda | silsiladda | silsiladda | silsiladda | silsiladda |
| Nidaamka qeybinta gaaska | OHV | SOHC | ||||
| wiishadaha hydraulic | ||||||
| Nidaamka keenista shidaalka | Cirbadda elektarooniga ah | Cirbad elektaroonik ah, EFI | ||||
| Shidaalka | Baasiin AI-95 | |||||
| Nidaamka saliidda, l | 4,5 | |||||
| Turbocharging | ||||||
| Heerka sunta | ||||||
| Khayraadka, dibadda km | 300 + | |||||
| Miisaanka, kg | 225 | 180 |
Kalsoonida iyo joogteynta
Tayada matoorada Japan waa mid aan shaki lahayn. Ku dhawaad mishiin kasta oo gubashada gudaha ah ayaa isu cadeyay inuu yahay unug la isku halayn karo. U dhigma shuruudahan iyo "sideed" la abuuray.
Fududeynta naqshadeynta, baahida hoose ee shidaalka la isticmaalay iyo saliidaha ayaa kordhiyey isku halaynta waxayna hoos u dhigtay suurtagalnimada guuldarrooyin. Tusaale ahaan, horumarkii tobannaankii sano ee la soo dhaafay laguma kala saarin qalab shidaal oo casri ah, iyo wadista silsilad adag oo lagu xanaaneeyo in ka badan 250 kun oo kilomitir. Isla mar ahaantaana, nolosha adeegga matoorada "jir", dabcan, ku xiran dayactir ku filan ama ka badan, inta badan waxay dhaaftay 500 kun oo kilomitir.
Unugyada awoodda ee taxanaha V ayaa si buuxda u xaqiijinaya ansaxnimada odhaahda "ka fudud, ayaa la isku halleyn karaa." Qaar ka mid ah darawallada ayaa matooradan u yaqaan "millionaires". Ma jirto xaqiijin toos ah oo tan ah, laakiin dad badan ayaa sheegaya in isku halaynta fasalka premium. Tani waxay si gaar ah run ugu tahay qaabka 5V-EU.
Matoor kasta oo taxanaha V ah ayaa leh ilaalin wanaagsan. Xirmooyinka caajiska ah, iyo sidoo kale shiididda shafka ee cabbirka dayactirka xiga, wax dhib ah ma keenayso. Dhibaatadu meel kale ayay ka jirtaa - way adagtahay in la raadiyo "yar" qalab dheeri ah iyo agabka la isticmaalo.
Ma jiraan alaab asal ah oo iib ah, maadaama matoorka la sii daayo uusan taageerin soo saaraha. Iyadoo ay jiraan dhibaatooyinkaas, waxaa la heli karaa waddo looga baxo xaalad kasta. Tusaale ahaan, ku beddel asalka analoog. Xaaladaha ba'an, waxaad si fudud u iibsan kartaa mishiinka qandaraaska (inkasta oo tani ay khuseyso kaliya nooca 5V-EU).
Sida habka, unugga korantada Toyota 5V-EU waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sidii qalab isku beddelasho ah marka lagu rakibo noocyo badan oo baabuur ah, xitaa kuwa Ruushku sameeyay - UAZ, Gazelle, iwm. Waxaa jira muuqaal ku saabsan mawduucan.
Shidaalka V-qaabeeya ee GXNUMX ee ay samaysay Toyota ayaa ahaa bilawga horumarinta jiilka cusub ee matoorada.
